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Genome-wide analysis of snRNAs bound to Gemin5 upon protein synthesis inhibition

ABSTRACT: Here, we report the genome-wide analysis of snRNAs that are bound to Gemin5 upon protein synthesis inhibition. Upon protein synthesis inhibition, the SMN complex that has a crucial role in the biogenesis of snRNPs dissociates into its subunits, leaving Gemin5 alone. The existence of these subunits was confirmed using a proteomics approach. As Gemin5 has been previously reported to be the RNA-binding protein of the SMN complex, we obtained the sequence of all Gemin5 immunoprecipitated snRNAs. We found that snRNAs that were accumulated on Gemin5 contained extra genomic sequences at the 3'-end. We were thus able to identify novel precursors of all the snRNAs that have not been identified previously. This study also provides a detailed method for the characterization of in vivo captured RNPs using a ribo-proteomics approach.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE20751 | GEO | 2010/06/24

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA124999

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:In this study we investigated snRNA-mediated modulation of pre-mRNA splicing across the human transcriptome. We first quantified the relative abundance of snRNAs across a comprehensive range of healthy adult and fetal tissues, revealing a surprising variation in the relative snRNA levels both inter- and intra-tissue. To study the role of snRNAs in cancer-relevant splicing, we used breast cancer as a model, since it exhibits a high rate of aberrant splicing48, but a low frequency of mutations in the splicing machinery52. We observed fluctuations in snRNA adundance across the majority of patients, across all breast cancer subtypes. To investigate the impact of snRNA levels using a controlled system, we knocked down snRNAs in vitro, to analyze splicing both transcriptome-wide and at the level of individual exons and introns. Depletion of each specific snRNA resulted in differential splicing across more than a thousand exon junctions within mRNA transcripts. Knock-down of U1 and U2 levels was primarily associated with changes in exon inclusion rates, whereas U4 and U6 depletion predominantly caused incomplete intron removal and a resulting retention of introns in the mature mRNA. Rather than being driven by a single factor, the observed splicing changes were associated with multiple other splicing-relevant features and mechanisms, including mRNA transcription, intron size, and nucleotide composition. The snRNA-mediated changes to the splicing program were enriched within genes encoding components of core cellular pathways and processes, including multiple aspects of RNA and protein metabolism, and thereby have the potential to impact cell growth and identity. The exons and introns that were sensitive to snRNA levels displayed a high variability in splicing in vivo across primary breast cancer samples, indicating that snRNA dysregulation may contribute to aberrant splicing in cancer. We suggest that the cellular composition of snRNAs constitutes a previously unrecognized layer of splicing regulation within the cell, and that variations or disruptions in the relative abundance of the snRNAs can affect the transcriptome of both healthy and malignant cells.

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Genome-wide analysis of snRNAs bound to Gemin5 upon protein synthesis inhibition

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