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A Bipartate function of ESRRB integrates signaling over time to balance self-renewal and differentiation [ChIP-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Cooperative DNA binding of transcription factors (TFs) integrates external stimuli and context across tissues and time. Naïve mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from early development and can sustain early embryonic pluripotent identity indefinitely. Here we ask whether TFs associated with pluripotency evolved to directly support this state or if it emerges from their combinatorial action? NANOG and ESRRB are key pluripotency factors that co-bind DNA. We find that when both factors are expressed at physiological levels, ESRRB supports pluripotency. However, when NANOG is not present, ESRRB supports a bistable culture of embryo-like primitive endoderm identity ancillary to pluripotency. The stochiometry between these factors quantitatively influences differentiation and in silico modelling of bipartite TF activity suggests ESRRB safeguards plasticity in differentiation. Thus the concerted activity of cooperative TFs transforms their effect to sustain intermediate cell identities that can be expanded ex vivo as highly stable stem cell models.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE207562 | GEO | 2023/04/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A Bipartate function of ESRRB integrates signaling over time to balance self-renewal and differentiation [scRNA-Seq]

Project description:Cooperative DNA binding of transcription factors (TFs) integrates external stimuli and context across tissues and time. Naïve mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from early development and can sustain early embryonic pluripotent identity indefinitely. Here we ask whether TFs associated with pluripotency evolved to directly support this state or if it emerges from their combinatorial action? NANOG and ESRRB are key pluripotency factors that co-bind DNA. We find that when both factors are expressed at physiological levels, ESRRB supports pluripotency. However, when NANOG is not present, ESRRB supports a bistable culture of embryo-like primitive endoderm identity ancillary to pluripotency. The stochiometry between these factors quantitatively influences differentiation and in silico modelling of bipartite TF activity suggests ESRRB safeguards plasticity in differentiation. Thus the concerted activity of cooperative TFs transforms their effect to sustain intermediate cell identities that can be expanded ex vivo as highly stable stem cell models.

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A Bipartate function of ESRRB integrates signaling over time to balance self-renewal and differentiation [RNA-Seq]

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Esrrb extinction triggers dismantling of naïve pluripotency and marks commitment to differentiation [Microarray]

Project description:Self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) cultured in serum-LIF is incomplete with some cells initiating differentiation. While this is reflected in heterogeneous expression of naive pluripotency transcription factors (TFs), the link between TF heterogeneity and differentiation is not fully understood. Here we purify ESCs with distinct TF expression levels from serum-LIF cultures to uncover early events during commitment from naïve pluripotency. ESCs carrying fluorescent Nanog and Esrrb reporters show Esrrb downregulation only in NANOGlow cells. Independent Esrrb reporter lines demonstrate that ESRRBnegative ESCs cannot effectively self-renew. Upon ESRRB loss, pre-implantation pluripotency gene expression collapses. ChIP-Seq identifies different regulatory element classes that bind both OCT4 and NANOG in ESRRBhigh cells. Class I elements lose NANOG and OCT4 binding in ESRRBnegative ESCs and associate with genes expressed preferentially in naïve ESCs. In contrast, class II elements retain OCT4 but not NANOG binding in ESRRBnegative cells and associate with more broadly expressed genes. Therefore, mechanistic differences in TF function act cumulatively to restrict potency during exit from naïve pluripotency.

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Esrrb extinction triggers dismantling of naïve pluripotency and marks commitment to differentiation [ChIP-seq]

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Project description:Mitotic bookmarking transcription factors (TFs) are thought to mediate rapid and accurate post-mitotic gene reactivation. However, the loss of individual bookmarking TFs often leads to the deregulation of only a small proportion of their mitotic targets, raising doubts on the significance and importance of their bookmarking function. Here, we used targeted proteomics of the mitotic bookmarking TF ESRRB, an orphan nuclear receptor, to discover an unexpected redundancy among members of the protein superfamily of nuclear receptors. Focusing on the nuclear receptor NR5A2, which together with ESRRB is essential in maintaining pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells, we demonstrate conjoint bookmarking activity of both factors on promoters and enhancers of a large fraction of active genes, particularly the most rapidly and strongly reactivated ones. Upon fast and simultaneous degradation of both factors during mitotic exit, hundreds of mitotic targets of ESRRB/NR5A2, including key players of the pluripotency network, display attenuated transcriptional reactivation. We propose that redundancy in mitotic bookmarking TFs, especially nuclear receptors, confers robustness to the reestablishment of gene regulatory networks after mitosis.

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Project description:For years, reprogramming factors that induce pluripotency have been identified primarily from ESC-enriched factors, pluripotency-associated factors such as Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, Nanog, Esrrb, Sall4, Utf1, Lin28, PRDM14, and Tet2. Through genome-wide screen we identified novel regulators of reprogramming. Our study is the first proof-of-principle report to suggest a putative general "seesaw model". This model provides novel mechanistic insight into the fundamental understanding of the establishment of cellular identity during programming and reprogramming. Through genome-wide screen to identify novel factors of reprogramming in addition to Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc.

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A Nuclear Receptor Coactivator is Essential for Esrrb Activity and the Induction and Maintenance of the ES Cell State

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