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Identifying the transcriptional output associated with distal regulatory elements where ASCL1 interacts with mSWI/SNF remodelers to regulate neural differentiation [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: We interfeered with the ASCL1-mSWI/SNF interaction: to abolish ASCL1 function, we knocked out ASCL1 in human iPSCs, while we used the BRM014 inhibitor to block the mSWI/SNF ATPase activity. We then collected RNA from WT, ASCL1 KO and BRM014-treated cells at DIV24, when ASCL1 expression is highest during neural differentiation.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE214382 | GEO | 2023/03/14

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Identifying the genomic regions co-bound by ASCL1 and mSWI/SNF remodelers during neural differentiation [ChIP-seq]

Project description:We interfeered with the ASCL1-mSWI/SNF interaction: to abolish ASCL1 function, we knocked out ASCL1 in human iPSCs, while we used the BRM014 inhibitor to block the mSWI/SNF ATPase activity. We then performed ASCL1 ChIPseq in DIV24 WT and BRM014-treated neural cultures, and SMARCB1 ChIPseq in DIV24 WT and ASCL1 KO neural cultures, when ASCL1 expression is highest.

2023-03-14 | GSE214381 | GEO

Identifying the genomic regions where ASCL1 and mSWI/SNF remodelers are both required to regulate chromatin accessibility during neural differentiation [ATAC-seq]

Project description:We interfeered with the ASCL1-mSWI/SNF interaction: to abolish ASCL1 function, we knocked out ASCL1 in human iPSCs, while we used the BRM014 inhibitor to block the mSWI/SNF ATPase activity. We performed ATACseq in WT, ASCL1 KO, and BRM014-treated cells at DIV24, when ASCL1 expression is highest during neural differentiation.

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Single cell transcriptomes of neurally differentiated wildtype and ASCL1-KO human iPSCs, in the presence of NOTCH inhibitor DAPT [scRNA-seq]

Project description:The roles of neurogenic pioneer transcription factors and chromatin remodelers have been characterized in that process in developing animal models and cancers. However how these factors interact with each other to regulate cell state transitions in human neurogenesis remains unclear. Here we investigated the activity of the pioneer proneural factor ASCL1 in an in vitro model of human neurogenesis. We found that ASCL1 expression characterizes a transitional state from cycling neural progenitor to post-mitotic neuron, and ASCL1 knockout impedes progenitor neuronal differentiation. ASCL1 binds to genomic targets to regulate loci promoting differentiation by different mechanisms. Acting as a classical pioneer transcription factor, its binding to compacted chromatin is required to induce transcriptional activity. At other loci, it acts as a non-pioneer chromatin remodeler, accessing permissive chromatin to further increase chromatin accessibility. We show that ASCL1 interacts with ATPase-active BAF mSWI/SNF chromatin remodelers at cis-regulatory elements, altering the chromatin regulatory landscape at a subset of target genes. This cooperative function is predominant at sites of non-pioneer chromatin remodeler function where ASCL1 requires mSWI/SNF for DNA binding while ASCL1 classical pioneer activity does not involve significant mSWI/SNF binding. Our work establishes novel roles for ASCL1 and for an interaction with mSWI/SNF in regulating epigenetic states in human neurogenesis.

2023-03-14 | GSE214700 | GEO

Pioneer factor ASCL1 cooperates with the mSWI/SNF complex at distal regulatory elements to regulate human neural differentiation

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Pioneer transcription factors are thought to play pivotal roles in developmental processes by binding nucleosomal DNA to activate gene expression, though mechanisms through which pioneer transcription factors remodel chromatin remain unclear. Here, using single-cell transcriptomics, we show that endogenous expression of neurogenic transcription factor ASCL1, considered a classical pioneer factor, defines a transient population of progenitors in human neural differentiation. Testing ASCL1’s pioneer function using a knockout model to define the unbound state, we found that endogenous expression of ASCL1 drives progenitor differentiation by cis-regulation both as a classical pioneer factor and as a nonpioneer remodeler, where ASCL1 binds permissive chromatin to induce chromatin conformation changes. ASCL1 interacts with BAF SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, primarily at targets where it acts as a nonpioneer factor, and we provide evidence for codependent DNA binding and remodeling at a subset of ASCL1 and SWI/SNF cotargets. Our findings provide new insights into ASCL1 function regulating activation of long-range regulatory elements in human neurogenesis and uncover a novel mechanism of its chromatin remodeling function codependent on partner ATPase activity.

2023-03-14 | GSE214383 | GEO

mSWI/SNF functional genomic characterization of SMARCB1 mutants in SMARCB1-null and heterozygous settings

Project description:Chromatin remodeling complexes regulate gene expression by shifting, evicting, and exchanging nucleosomes along the chromosomes of eukaryotic organisms. The mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex (mSWI/SNF or BAF) is mutated in over 20% of human cancers and loss of the SMARCB1 gene, encoding the BAF47 protein subunit, results in one of the most aggressive and lethal pediatric cancers. An accumulation of point mutations occurs at the C-terminal end of the protein, for which the functional ramifications are unknown. We previously demonstrated that reintroduction of SMARCB1 in SMARCB1-null malignant rhabdoid tumor cells results in a genome-wide increase of mSWI/SNF complex occupancy coupled with activation of PRC2-repressed genes. Here, we study the functional consequences that these point mutations exert on mSWI/SNF complex activity in SMARCB1-deficient tumor cells and extend this investigation to a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated SMARCB1-heterozygous mutant induced pluripotent stem cell. Intriguingly, we observe that the mutant complexes bind similarly to wild-type SMARCB1 complexes at enhancers throughout the genome but often fail to transcriptionally activate nearby genes in a cis-regulatory manner.

2019-11-21 | GSE124903 | GEO

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2023-03-21 | GSE212353 | GEO

Stepwise activities of mSWI/SNF family chromatin remodeling complexes direct T cell activation and exhaustion [Cut&Tag]

2023-03-21 | GSE212347 | GEO

Stepwise activities of mSWI/SNF family chromatin remodeling complexes direct T cell activation and exhaustion [ATAC-seq]

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Increased ACTL6A Occupancy Within mSWI/SNF Chromatin Remodelers Drives Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Project description:Increased ACTL6A Occupancy Within mSWI/SNF Chromatin Remodelers Drives Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma

| PRJNA659015 | ENA

The mSWI/SNF ATPase module mediates subcomplex identity and non-catalytic targeting in SCCOHT [RNA-seq]

Project description:Perturbations to mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complexes have been widely implicated as driving events across cancers1. One such perturbation is the dual loss of the SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 ATPase subunits, which has recently been implicated in rare cancers such as small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT)2-5, SMARCA4-deficient thoracic sarcomas6 and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas7. The consequences of SMARCA4/2 dual loss on the biochemical composition of the complex, chromatin targeting and remodeling capabilities, and subcomplex identity (BAF vs. PBAF) in these cancers are unknown. Here, we leverage SCCOHT cell lines to identify an unexpected ATPase module of mSWI/SNF subunits. Using biochemical and genome-wide profiling assays, we found that the incorporation of the ATPase module is a critical step in the functional specification of BAF and PBAF subcomplexes. Furthermore, by utilizing ATPase mutant variants, we found that the ATPase module mediates two separate and concurrent mSWI/SNF targeting mechanisms, evenly split between catalytically-independent targeting to primed enhancers/promoters and catalytically-dependent targeting to de novo enhancers. Finally, by linking these distinct sites to separate tumor-suppressive gene expression programs across ovarian tissues , we clarify the mechanistic consequences of SMARCA4/2 loss dual loss in these rare tumors.

2019-03-11 | GSE117311 | GEO

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