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A role of PSK-CPK28-GS2 signalling in optimizing growth and defence in tomato

ABSTRACT: Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a plant pentapeptide hormone that fulfills a wide range of functions. Although it has been frequently reported to function in the inverse regulation of growth and defence in response to (hemi)biotrophic pathogens, the mechanism involved remains largely unknown. Using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 pathogen as a system, we present compelling evidence that the tomato PSK receptor PSKR1 interacts with the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28, which phosphorylates the key enzyme of nitrogen assimilation glutamine synthetase GS2 at two sites (S334 and S360 sites). These post translational modifications uncouple the two PSK-induced effects on defence responses and on growth regulation, respectively. The discovery of these sites will inform breeding strategies designed to optimize the growth-defence balance. The concept that such peptide hormones can regulate plant growth and resistance in a compatible manner is attractive, not least because crop yields and fitness can be optimized simultaneously in global climate-change era.

ORGANISM(S): Solanum lycopersicum

PROVIDER: GSE214787 | GEO | 2023/02/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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affy_syringae_malaga_athaliana-Role of different proteases in plant defence

Project description:affy_syringae_malaga_athaliana - affy_syringae_malaga_athaliana - - Pseudomonas syringae is a plant pathogenic bacterium that relies on a type III secretion system (T3SS) to cause disease in susceptible hosts and to trigger defence in resistant plants. The T3SS translocates effector proteins directly inside the plant cell. Some P. syringae pathovars translocate the effector HopZ1a, which is recognized in Arabidopsis, triggering the hypersensitive response (HR). This resistance does not depend on the usual defence pathways involved in resistance against other avirulence effectors, so it would be very helpful to know the transcriptomic events that take place in the context of a hypersensitive response triggered by HopZ1a. ULP genes codifies for plant SUMO-proteases. Recent studies by our group revealed that they could be involved in plant defense against microorganisms.-- We infiltrated Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia wild type with 10mM MgCl2 (as mock inoculation), the virulent pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pto), Pto expressing the effector HopZ1a and Pto expressing a HopZ1a derivative carrying a point mutation in a residue essential for the cystein-protease activity. We also grew ulp1c/ulp1d mutant plants to analyze them either without treatment or inoculated with MgCl2 (as mock) and Pto wt. Keywords: gene knock out,normal vs antisens mutant comparison

2011-04-20 | GSE21920 | GEO

affy_syringae_malaga_athaliana-Role of different proteases in plant defence

2011-04-20 | E-GEOD-21920 | biostudies-arrayexpress

JHI Sl Pc JJ timecourse

Project description:Phytophthora species are a destructive group of filamentous plant pathogens, which have a global distribution and devastating effect on a wide range of plants important to agriculture and natural ecosystems. Throughout the infection cycle, Phytophthora secrete an effector repertoire into its host to inhibit or counter defence associated compounds, lytic enzymes and intracellular processes required for immunity. Despite the advent of genome sequences of both host and microbe however, little is known about the signal interplay between host and pathogen during infection. Here we explore and report on the association between the hemi-biotrophic broad host range pathogen Phytophthora capsici and tomato. Infection assays reveal a distinct hemi-biotrophic infection cycle, featuring haustoria formation early in infection, followed by necrotrophy in the lateinfection stages. We assessed gene expression changes during infection in both P. capsici and tomato and unveil distinct changes in both host and pathogen transcriptomes, associated with biotrophy and the subsequent switch to necrotrophy. These results suggest dynamic but highly regulated transcriptional programmes that underpin P. capsici hemi-biotrophy. Our results provide new detail on coordinate transcriptional reprogramming during infection and sheds light on the basic processes that accompany hemibiotrophy. Please note the timepoint is hours post inoculation (hpi) of P capsici zoospores on detached tomato leaves. Where it is na (not applicable), these are in vitro cultures of P capsici only.

2013-03-24 | E-MTAB-1295 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Ascorbate oxidation primes rice plants for enhanced defence against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola through jasmonate/ethylene-activation

Project description:Ascorbic acid (AA) is known to play a vital role in plant growth and detoxification of reactive oxygen species, however little is known about the significance of AA oxidation in plant defence against pathogens. • The role of ascorbate oxidation in rice defence against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne graminicola, was tested with application of AA, ascorbate oxidase (AO), dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), biosynthesis inhibitors and use of mutants. Transcriptome analysis was done on AO treated plants, and hormone measurements were executed to confirm the results. Biochemical analyses were used to study oxidative stress markers, including accumulation of H2O2, , malondialdehyde and AA/DHA.

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2015-09-01 | E-MTAB-3542 | biostudies-arrayexpress

PAW-plasma activated water-triggers plant defence responses

Project description:PAW-plasma activated water-triggers plant defence responses

| PRJNA609664 | ENA

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2020-12-10 | GSE155980 | GEO

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Project description:Verticillium transcription activator of adhesion 3 (Vta3) is required for plant root colonization and pathogenicity of the soil-borne vascular fungus Verticillium dahliae [Bui et al., 2018]. In this study, we discovered that Vta3 contributes to the virulence of V. dahliae on tomato plants by promoting ELV1 gene expression, which is not necessary for vegetative growth or production of conidiospores. Gene expression of the transcription factor Mtf1 is reduced in the presence of an intact VTA3 gene. The presence of an intact MTF1 gene triggers the expression of fungal effector genes and plant immune responses (transcription of tomato pathogenesis-related protein genes, and levels of pipecolic and salicylic acids functioning in tomato defense signaling against (hemi-) biotrophic pathogens), and is required for disease symptoms similar to those seen in tomato plants infected by the V. dahliae wild-type. Mtf1 promotes the formation of resting structures at the end of the infection cycle, which allows the fungus to survive in the soil and later to re-infect host plants. Protein pull-downs were performed with GFP-fused Vta3 to investigate whether there is evidence for a direct interaction of the regulators Vta3 and Mtf1. In this study, ribosomal proteins predominantly co-enriched with Vta3, and our data set did not give evidence that Mtf1 directly interacts with Vta3. Bui T-T, Harting R, Braus-Stromeyer SA, Tran V-T, Leonard M, Höfer A, et al. Verticillium dahliae transcription factors Som1 and Vta3 control microsclerotia formation and sequential steps of plant root penetration and colonisation to induce disease. New Phytologist. 2019;221: 2138–2159. doi:10.1111/nph.15514

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