Local light signalling at the leaf tip drives remote differential petiole growth through auxin-gibberellin dynamics
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE218944 | GEO | 2022/12/20
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Background: The growth and development of leaf and petiole have an important influence on the photosynthesis of plants. The research on molecular mechanism of leaf and petiole development is of great significance, whether it is to improve plant photosynthetic efficiency, cultivate varieties with high photosynthetic efficiency, or improve the yield of crops using leaves as food organs. In this study, we aimed to identify the mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) related to leaf and petiole development in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis). These data were then used to construct competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, which can provide valuable information for better understanding the mechanism of leaf and petiole development. Results: In this study, the leaf and petiole of the baby Chinese cabbage inbred line ‘PHL’ were used as research materials for whole-transcriptome sequencing. A total of 10646 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 303 DE lncRNAs, 7 DE circRNAs, and 195 DE miRNAs were identified between the leaf and petiole. Some transcription factors or proteins that play important roles in leaf and petiole development were identified, such as xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) protein, expansion protein, TCP15 transcription factor, bHLH transcription factor, LOB domain protein, cellulose synthase (CESA), MOR1-like protein, and plant hormone biosynthesis related genes. Additionally, we constructed a leaf and petiole development-related ceRNA regulatory network, and obtained 85 pairs of ceRNA relationships, including 71 DEmiRNA-DEmRNA, 12 DEmiRNA-DElncRNA and 2 DEmiRNA-DEcircRNA. Three LSH genes (BrLSH1, BrLSH2 and BrLSH3) with significant differential expression between leaf and petiole of baby Chinese cabbage were screened from transcriptome data for subcellular localization analysis and overexpression transgenic verification. The results showed that BrLSH1, BrLSH2 and BrLSH3 were nucleoprotein and BrLSH2 has an obvious inhibitory effect on the growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Conclusions: Our results revealed the potential mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in leaf and petiole development, which laid a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism of leaf and petiole development in Chinese cabbage.
2022-12-29 | GSE218959 | GEO
Project description:In dense stands,the earliest neighbor response is induced by touching,leading to shade avoidance. During light competion the R:FR distribution is not homogenous, leading to local differences in light quality (R:FR) within the same leaf. Hyponasty is induced by FR-signaling in the lamina tip, which then induces local cell growth in the petiole base. Likewise, local touching of the leaf tip induces a similar phenoype. We studied gene expression in Arabidopsis, exposed to supplemental-FR in the lamina tip and in whole rosette plant. We harvested the lamina tip and the petiole base after 5h of the treatments (white-light, supplemeted-FR in the lamina tip (local FR) and rossete plants exposed to low R:FR (whole plant FR))
2017-06-26 | GSE98643 | GEO
Project description:Plants grown under a canopy recognize changes in light quality and modify their growth patterns; this modification is known as shade avoidance syndrome. In leaves, leaf blade expansion is suppressed, whereas petiole elongation is promoted under the shade. However, the mechanisms that control these responses are largely unclear. Here, we demonstrated that both auxin and brassinosteroid (BR) are required for the normal leaf responses to shade. The microarray analysis of leaf blades and petioles treated with end-of-day far-red light (EODFR) revealed that almost half of the genes induced by the treatment in both parts were previously identified as auxin-responsive genes. Likewise, BR-responsive genes were overrepresented in the EODFR-induced genes. Hence, the auxin and BR responses were elevated by EODFR treatment in both leaf blades and petioles, although opposing growth responses were observed in these two parts. The analysis of the auxin-deficient doc1/big mutant and BR-deficient rot3/cyp90c1 mutant further indicates that auxin and BR were equally required for the normal petiole elongation response to the shade stimulus. In addition, the spotlight irradiation experiment revealed that phytochrome in leaf blades but not that in petioles regulated petiole elongation, which was probably mediated through regulation of the auxin/BR responses in petioles. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that auxin and BR cooperatively promote petiole elongation in response to the shade stimulus under the control of phytochrome in the leaf blade.
2009-11-01 | GSE17845 | GEO
Project description:Grapevine red blotch is a recently identified viral disease that was first recognized in the Napa Valley of California. Infected plants showed foliar symptoms similar to leafroll, another grapevine viral disease, on vines testing negative for known grapevine leafroll-associated virus. Later, the Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) was independently discovered in the US states of California and New York and was demonstrated to be the causal agent of red blotch disease. Due to its wide occurrence in the US, vector transmission and impacts on grape industry, this virus has the potential to cause serious economic losses. Despite numerous attempts, it was not possible to isolate or visualize viral particles from GRBV infected plants. Consequently, this has hampered the development of a serological assay that would facilitate GRBV detection in grapevine. We therefore decided to explore mass spectrometry approaches in order to quantify GRBV in infected plants and to identify potential biomarkers for viral infection. We present for the first time the physical detection on the protein level of the two GRBV genes V1 (coat protein) and V2 in grapevine tissue lysates. The GRBV coat protein load in leaf petioles was determined to be in the range of 100 to 900 million copies per milligram wet weight by using three heavy isotope labeled reference peptides as internal standards. The V1 copy number per unit wet tissue weight in leaves appeared to be about six times lower, and about 200-times lower in terms of protein concentration in the extractable protein mass than in petioles. We found a consistent upregulation of several enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in leaf and petiole extracts of GRBV-infected plants by label-free shotgun proteomics, indicating the activation of a defense mechanism against GRBV, a plant response already described for grapevine leafroll associated virus infection on the transcriptome level. Last but not least, we identified some other microorganisms belonging to the grapevine leaf microbiota, two bacterial species (Novosphingobium sp. Rr 2-17 and Methylobacterium) and one virus, Grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus.
2018-12-19 | PXD011002 | Pride
Project description:Low reduced red:far-red ratio [R:FR] signaling through phytochromes induces shade avoidance responses, including petiole elongation. Jasmonic acid-mediated defense against herbivores and pathogens is inhibited under these conditions. Using microarrays we studied the crosstalk between low R:FR and JA at the global gene expression level in Arabidopsis thaliana.
2012-05-01 | GSE35700 | GEO
Project description:Plants grown under a canopy recognize changes in light quality and modify their growth patterns; this modification is known as shade avoidance syndrome. In leaves, leaf blade expansion is suppressed, whereas petiole elongation is promoted under the shade. However, the mechanisms that control these responses are largely unclear. Here, we demonstrated that both auxin and brassinosteroid (BR) are required for the normal leaf responses to shade. The microarray analysis of leaf blades and petioles treated with end-of-day far-red light (EODFR) revealed that almost half of the genes induced by the treatment in both parts were previously identified as auxin-responsive genes. Likewise, BR-responsive genes were overrepresented in the EODFR-induced genes. Hence, the auxin and BR responses were elevated by EODFR treatment in both leaf blades and petioles, although opposing growth responses were observed in these two parts. The analysis of the auxin-deficient doc1/big mutant and BR-deficient rot3/cyp90c1 mutant further indicates that auxin and BR were equally required for the normal petiole elongation response to the shade stimulus. In addition, the spotlight irradiation experiment revealed that phytochrome in leaf blades but not that in petioles regulated petiole elongation, which was probably mediated through regulation of the auxin/BR responses in petioles. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that auxin and BR cooperatively promote petiole elongation in response to the shade stimulus under the control of phytochrome in the leaf blade. The WT seedlings were grown for 19 days under continuous white light condition before experimental treatment with three light conditions. Seedlings were either maintained in white light for 2 h (WL), incubated in the dark condition for 2 h (D), or experienced a pulse irradiation of FR light before incubated in the dark condition for 2 h (FRD). Total RNAs were separately prepared from leaf blades and petioles after each light treatment. Three independent biological replicates were used.
2009-10-31 | E-GEOD-17845 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In dense plant stands, the ratio between red and far-red (R:FR) light declines and shade intolerant species will respond to this cue for future shade by inducing the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), enabling them to outgrow their neighbours. Shade tolerant species from the forest understory are unable to outgrow neighbouring trees and will suppress SAS. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying SAS are well studied in various species, mechanisms of SAS-suppression in shade tolerant species have rarely been studied. We applied RNA sequencing on Geranium pyrenaicum and G. robertianum, two wild species with contrasting growth responses to low R:FR light. G. pyrenaicum strongly induces petiole elongation when exposed to low R:FR light, at any time of the photoperiod. Contrastingly, G. robertianum only induces this response early in the day, and suppresses petiole growth in low R:FR light at the end of the photoperiod, which results after 24 hours in a net difference with control treatments of zero. We compared expression patterns in the most apical (most responsive) part of the second petioles, in two-week-old Geranium plants (two leaf stage) after 2 and 11.5 hours of far-red light enrichment. This way, we identified a number of novel candidate regulators of shade avoidance, and differential phytochrome control of plant immunity genes in the two species. For de-novo assembly of the reference transcriptomes, we pooled petiole- and leaf lamina tissue exposed to normal white light (180 mol m-2 s-1 PAR, R:FR 1.8, ± 60 mol m-2 s-1 blue light), low R:FR light (0.2), blue-depleted light (± 4 mol m-2 s-1 blue) and green shade (50 mol m-2 s-1 PAR, R:FR 0.45, ± 13 mol m-2 s-1 blue) for 2, 11.5 and 24 hours. Libraries of these samples were normalized, Illumina sequenced, and together with sequences of non-normalized petiole samples of the expression analysis constructed into a reference transcriptome for each species, using the Trinity protocol. Transcripts were clustered into orthologue clusters using the ortho-MCL clustering technique. Non-normalized libraries of samples (control vs. low R:FR light, 2 and 11.5 hours after start of the treatment) were sequenced and aligned to the newly assembled transcriptomes. Read counts were summed per orthologue cluster before statistical analysis was proceeded.
2017-02-01 | E-MTAB-5371 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:As sessile organisms, plants rely heavily on growth and developmental plasticity to respond to external challenges threatening their survival. Strict regulation of growth in organs such as hypocotyls and petioles enables plants to respond optimally to varying environmental conditions, such as changes in light and temperature, while also ensuring that resources are not needlessly wasted on unnecessary growth. Studies performed in Arabidopsis thaliana have established the PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) transcription factor family as key positive regulators of growth, particularly in hypocotyls and petioles. In this study, we identify members of the AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) family, including SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 (SOB3), as repressors of PIF4-mediated petiole elongation. Specifically, we found that high levels of SOB3 lead to a short-petiole phenotype similar to that conferred by removal of PIF4. Conversely, the dominant-negative sob3-6 mutant has long petioles, a phenotype which is dependent on PIF4. Additionally, we show that AHLs repress the expression of many PIF-activated genes, including a number involved in hormone-mediated promotion of growth and a subset of which are directly bound by both SOB3 and PIFs. Taken together these results suggest that AHLs repress petiole growth by antagonizing PIF-mediated transcriptional activation of growth-promoting genes, including ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 2 (ATHB2), BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 19 (IAA19), PIN-FORMED 3 (PIN3), SMALL AUXIN UP RNA 24 (SAUR24), and YUCCA8 (YUC8). Elucidating a mechanism by which positive and negative growth factors influence growth in petioles achieves a critical first step towards understanding the gene regulatory networks which modulate leaf growth in response to the environment.
2020-03-19 | GSE122455 | GEO
Project description:As sessile organisms, plants rely heavily on growth and developmental plasticity to respond to external challenges threatening their survival. Strict regulation of growth in organs such as hypocotyls and petioles enables plants to respond optimally to varying environmental conditions, such as changes in light and temperature, while also ensuring that resources are not needlessly wasted on unnecessary growth. Studies performed in Arabidopsis thaliana have established the PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) transcription factor family as key positive regulators of growth, particularly in hypocotyls and petioles. In this study, we identify members of the AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) family, including SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 (SOB3), as repressors of PIF4-mediated petiole elongation. Specifically, we found that high levels of SOB3 lead to a short-petiole phenotype similar to that conferred by removal of PIF4. Conversely, the dominant-negative sob3-6 mutant has long petioles, a phenotype which is dependent on PIF4. Additionally, we show that AHLs repress the expression of many PIF-activated genes, including a number involved in hormone-mediated promotion of growth and a subset of which are directly bound by both SOB3 and PIFs. Taken together these results suggest that AHLs repress petiole growth by antagonizing PIF-mediated transcriptional activation of growth-promoting genes, including ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 2 (ATHB2), BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 19 (IAA19), PIN-FORMED 3 (PIN3), SMALL AUXIN UP RNA 24 (SAUR24), and YUCCA8 (YUC8). Elucidating a mechanism by which positive and negative growth factors influence growth in petioles achieves a critical first step towards understanding the gene regulatory networks which modulate leaf growth in response to the environment.
2020-03-19 | GSE122454 | GEO
Project description:The aim of this work was to perform a proteomic approach based on tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling to characterize the comparative changes in the leaf petiole proteome of CLas-infected citrus plants in asymptomatic and symptomatic stages.
2021-01-13 | PXD023576 | iProX