In vivo CRISPR screens reveal SCAF1 and USP15 as novel drivers of pancreatic cancer
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE220556 | GEO | 2024/03/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Transcriptome studies of brain resections from mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients revealed a dysregulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interferon (IFN)-α/β and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathways among other neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Since ubiquitin-specific proteases (USP), in particular USP15, have been shown to regulate these pathways, we hypothesized that the blockade of USP15 may provide therapeutic relief in treatment-resistant epilepsies. The intrahippocampal kainate mouse model for mTLE, an established model for pharmacoresistant epilepsy was used for validation of USP15 as a therapeutic target. Transgenic mice which constitutively lack USP15 underwent intrahippocampal kainate injections to investigate the impact of USP15 inactivation at the transcriptomic level.
2023-10-12 | E-MTAB-12633 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptome studies of brain resections from mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients revealed a dysregulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interferon (IFN)-α/β and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathways among other neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Since ubiquitin-specific proteases (USP), in particular USP15, have been shown to regulate these pathways, we hypothesized that the blockade of USP15 may provide therapeutic relief in treatment-resistant epilepsies. The intrahippocampal kainate mouse model for mTLE, an established model for pharmacoresistant epilepsy was used for validation of USP15 as a therapeutic target. Transgenic mice which inducibly lack USP15 underwent intrahippocampal kainate injections to investigate the impact of USP15 downregulation at the transcriptomic level.
2023-10-12 | E-MTAB-12634 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The multi-domain deubiquitinase USP15 regulates diverse eukaryotic processes and has been implicated in numerous diseases. We developed ubiquitin variants (UbVs) that targeted either the catalytic domain or each of three adaptor domains in USP15, including the N-terminal DUSP domain. Taking advantage of the modular nature of ubiquitin, we designed a linear dimer (diUbV) consisting of a UbV that bound the DUSP domain followed by a UbV that bound the catalytic domain, which exhibited enhanced specificity and more potent inhibition of USP15 catalytic activity than either UbV alone. In cells, the UbVs inhibited the deubiquitination of two USP15 substrates, SMURF2 and TRIM25, and the diUbV inhibited the effects of USP15 on the TGF- pathway. Structural analyses of three distinct UbVs bound to the catalytic domain revealed that the inhibitors locked the active site in a closed, inactive conformation. The structure of a UbV-DUSP domain complex revealed that the UbV formed an unusual strand-swapped dimer that bound two DUSP domains. These inhibitors will enable the study of USP15 function in vitro and in vivo to explore the role of the enzyme in oncology, neurology, immunology and inflammation.
2019-01-16 | PXD011840 | Pride
Project description:Purpose: the goal of this study is to investigate the consequences of ubiquitin specific protease 15 (USP15) knockdown on gene expression in KBM7 and K562 leukemia cells. Methods: KBM7 or K562 cells were transfected with USP15 ( siGENOME Human USP15 (9958) siRNA-SMART pool M-006066-01) or control (Ctrl) siRNAs (siGENOME Non-Targeting siRNA Control Pool#2 D-001206-14-05, Dharmacon). Cells were transfected using Lipofectamine RNAiMAX Reagent from Life Technologies following the manufacturer’s instructions and assayed at 72 hrs after transfection in Western blotting, RNA-seq and qRT-PCR. Western blotting confirmed knokdown of USP15 protein. mRNA profiles were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina Hiseq2500. Alignments of the sequence reads that passed quality filters were performed using TopHat2.1, Genome build 38 and Ensembl gtf version 77 and genecounts have been generated using Itreecount. https://github.com/NKI-GCF/itreecount. qRT–PCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays.The amount of target, normalized to an endogenous reference (HPRT), was calculated by 2-DDCT. Results: We assigned about 30 million reads per sample uniquely to a gene of the human reference genome (hg38). We identified 26,227 genes in KBM7 and 28,329 genes in K562 cells using TopHat2.1 in combination with Itreecount (https://github.com/NKI-GCF/itreecount) workflow. Comparison of normalized gene expression data resulted in a total of 657 and 330 differential expressed genes between USP15 KD vs Ctrl in KBM7 and K562 cells (in two separate experiments), respectively, with a treshold of logFC_C1 ≥1. and adj.PVal_C1 value <0.05. Downregulation of USP15 was confirmed by Western blotting and by qRT-PCR. Ingenuity pathway analysis of USP15-dependent genes in the KBM7 and K562 datasets (cut-off logFC > 1; adjusted P value <0.05) uncovered activation of inflammation-related pathways, which involve JAK/STAT and PI3K signal transduction. In K562, we also measured significant down-modulation of TGF-beta signaling. Expression of a set of 17 genes was assessed by RT-qPCR in three independent experiments per cell line and altered expression was validated. Overlap between Top 50 significantly enriched Ingenuity Upstream Regulators in each cell line RNAseq datasets was found. The Upstream Regulators were calculated based on differential gene expression between USP15 and control siRNAs. The nine overlapping terms include: Ifnar, IRF3, STAT1, Interferon alpha, IFNG, CD40LG, IFNB1, TNF and poly rI:rC-RNA. Conclusions: Our results represent the first detailed analyis of the consequences of USP15 depletion on gene expression in malignant hematopoietic populations such as KBM7 and K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells by genome wide expression profiling in USP15 KD vs Ctrl cells. We confirmed downregulation of USP15 and validated altered expression of a set of 17 genes by qRT-PCR. Ingenuity pathway analysis identified 657 and 330 differentially regulated genes in KBM7 and K562, respectively. The changes in gene expression, though not extensive, indicate that RNAi of USP15 led to activation of inflammation-related pathways, which involve JAK/STAT and PI3K signal transduction in both cell lines. In K562, we also measured significant down-modulation of TGF-beta signaling, which is required for USP15 pro-oncogenic role in human glioma cells (Eichhorn et al., 2012). Regulation of inflammatory signals and TGF-beta are relevant both in normal HSC and in malignant development (Blank and Karlsson, 2015).
2020-10-31 | GSE160524 | GEO
Project description:Genes and pathways in which inactivation dampens tissue inflammation present new opportunities for understanding the pathogenesis of common human inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. We identified a mutation in the gene encoding the deubiquitination enzyme USP15 (Usp15L749R) that protected mice against both experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) induced by Plasmodium berghei and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Combining immunophenotyping and RNA sequencing in brain (ECM) and spinal cord (EAE) revealed that Usp15L749R-associated resistance to neuroinflammation was linked to dampened type I interferon responses in situ. In hematopoietic cells and in resident brain cells, USP15 was coexpressed with, and functionally acted together with the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 to positively regulate type I interferon responses and to promote pathogenesis during neuroinflammation. The USP15-TRIM25 dyad might be a potential target for intervention in acute or chronic states of neuroinflammation.
2016-10-10 | GSE79702 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: the goal of this study is to investigate the consequences of ubiquitin specific protease 15 (USP15) deletion on gene expression in mouse LSK hematopoietic progenitors. Methods: mRNA profiles of 8 weeks-old wild-type (WT) and ubiquitin specific protease 15 knockout (Usp15−/−) mice were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina Hiseq2500. The sequence reads that passed quality filters Alignments of the sequence reads that passed quality filters were performed using TopHat2.1, Genome build 38 and Ensembl gtf version 77 and genecounts have been generated using Itreecount. https://github.com/NKI-GCF/itreecount Results: We assigned about 30 million reads per sample uniquely to a gene of the mouse reference genome (mm10) We identified 21,219 genes in the LSKs of WT and Usp15−/− mice using TopHat2.1 in combination with Itreecount. https://github.com/NKI-GCF/itreecount. Distinct LSK-specific expressed genes (such as Eng, Tek, the MlI receptor and the Kit receptor) are identified. Comparison of normalized gene expression data for Usp15-/- versus WT LSK confirmed the loss of Usp15. Apart from Usp15, almost no other significantly deregurated genes were detected using a treshold of fold change ≥1.5 and p value <0.05, suggesting the maintenance of an overall stable identity of the cellular compartment in Usp15-/- mice. Conclusions: Our results represent the first detailed analyis of the consequences of USP15 deletion on gene expression in hematopoietic populations such as LSKs progenitors by genome wide expression profiling in WT and Usp15-/- mice. RNAseq of two freshly isolated biological replicas of sorted LSKs from 8 weeks old Usp15-/- animals confirmed the loss of Usp15, while showing almost no significant other up or down regulated genes among the 21,219 genes identified in Usp15-/- LSKs. We conclude that young adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (LSKs) perpetuated a stable gene expression program regardless of the homozygous deletion of USP15.
2020-10-31 | GSE160525 | GEO
Project description:Gain-of-function p53 mutants such as p53-R175H form stable aggregates that accumulate in cells and play an important role in cancer progression. Selective degradation of gain-of-function p53 mutants has emerged as a highly attractive therapeutic strategy to target cancer cells harboring specific p53 mutations. We identified a small molecule called MCB-613 to cause rapid ubiquitination, nuclear export, and degradation of p53-R175H through lysosome-mediated pathway leading to catastrophic cancer cell death. In contrast to its effect on the p53-R175H mutant, MCB-613 causes slight stabilization of p53-WT and has weaker effects on other p53 gain-of-function mutants. Using state-of-the-art genetic and chemical approaches, we identified the deubiquitinase USP15 as the mediator of MCB-613’s effect on p53-R175H and established USP15 as a selective upstream regulator of p53-R175H in ovarian cancer cells. These results confirm that distinct pathways regulate the turnover of p53-WT and the different p53 mutants and open new opportunities to selectively target them.
2018-02-07 | GSE110220 | GEO
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2012-12-18 | E-GEOD-18670 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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