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Single cell sequencing of the E13.5 mouse anterior palate reveals mesenchymal heterogeneity

ABSTRACT: Cleft palate is one of the most prevalent birth defects. Mice are useful for studying palate development because of their morphological and genetic similarities to humans. In mice, palate development occurs between embryonic days (E)11.5 to 15.5. Single cell transcriptional profiles of palate cell populations have been a valuable resource for the craniofacial research community, but we lack a single cell transcriptional profile for anterior palate at E13.5, at the transition from proliferation to shelf elevation. Here, a detailed single cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals heterogeneity in expression profiles of the cell populations of the E13.5 anterior palate. Mesenchymal populations spatially segregate into four domains. One of these mesenchymal populations expresses ligands and receptors distinct from the rest of the mesenchyme, suggesting that these cells have a unique function. RNAVelocity analysis shows two terminal cell states that contribute to either the proximal or distal palatal regions emerge from a single progenitor pool. This single cell resolution expression data and detailed analysis from E13.5 anterior palate provides a powerful resource for mechanistic insight into secondary palate morphogenesis for the craniofacial research community.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE222205 | GEO | 2023/01/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Molecular anatomy of palate development

Project description:Background: The FACEBASE consortium was established in part to create a central resource for craniofacial researchers. One purpose is to provide a molecular anatomy of craniofacial development. To this end we have used a combination of laser capture microdissection and RNA-Seq to define the gene expression programs driving development of the murine palate. Results: We focused on the E14.5 palate, soon after medial fusion of the two palatal shelves. The palate was divided into multiple compartments, including medial and lateral, as well as oral and nasal, for both the anterior and posterior domains. A total of 25 RNA-Seq datasets were generated. The results provide a comprehensive view of the region specific expression of all transcription factors, growth factors and receptors. Paracrine interactions can be inferred from flanking compartment growth factor/receptor expression patterns. The results are validated primarily through very high concordance with extensive previously published gene expression data for the developing palate. In addition selected immunostain validations were carried out. Conclusions: This report provides an RNA-Seq based atlas of gene expression patterns driving palate development at microanatomic resolution. This FACEBASE resource is designed to fuel discovery by the craniofacial research community. Laser capture microdissection and RNA-seq were used to generate gene expression profiles of different compartments of the mouse E14.5 developing palate

2015-04-03 | E-GEOD-67525 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Molecular anatomy of palate development

2015-04-03 | GSE67525 | GEO

Single-cell multi-omics decodes regulatory programs during development of mouse secondary palate [bulk RNA-seq]

Project description:Perturbations in gene regulation during palatogenesis can lead to cleft palate, which is among the most common congenital birth defects. However, currently there is no comprehensive multiomics map of the developing secondary palate. Here, we perform single-cell multiome sequencing and profile chromatin accessibility and gene expression simultaneously within the same cells (n = 36,154) isolated from mouse secondary palate across embryonic days (E) 12.5, E13.5, E14.0, and E14.5. We construct five trajectories representing continuous differentiation of cranial neural crest-derived multipotent cells into distinct lineages. By linking open chromatin signals to gene expression changes, we characterize the underlying lineage-determining transcription factors. In silico perturbation analysis identifies transcription factors SHOX2 and MEOX2 as important regulators of the development of the anterior and posterior palate, respectively. In conclusion, our study chart epigenetic and transcriptional dynamics in palatogenesis, serving as a valuable resource for further cleft palate research.

2024-01-09 | GSE252592 | GEO

Single-cell multi-omics decodes regulatory programs during development of mouse secondary palate II

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Transcription profiling by RNA-Seq mouse embryos

Project description:Mutations in the transcription factor p63 underlie of a series of human malformation syndromes which are defined by a combination of epidermal, limb and craniofacial abnormalities including cleft lip and palate. Transcription profiling was performed to determine the role of p63 in vivo mouse palatal shelves. RNA-seq analysis was done of palatal shelves dissected from E10.5, E11.5, E12.5, E13.5 and E14.5 mouse embryos.

2017-06-12 | E-MTAB-3157 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptome and chromatin accessiblity analysis of mice soft palate to unreveal the role of Runx2 in regulating palate muscle development.

Project description:We report the application of single cell transcriptome, bulk transcriptome, and chromatin accessibility analysis for investigating the role of Runx2 in regulating soft palate muscle development. By isolating single cells from soft palate tissue of wild type embryos at E13.5, E14.5 and E15.5, we describe the heterogeneity of soft palate mesenchyme during development by analyzing single cell transcriptome. Combined analysis of bulk and single cell transcriptome of soft palate from wild type and Runx2 mutant suggests Runx2 activate expression of perimysial markers. Finally, we show that Runx2 activates expression of perimysial markers probably by repressing Twist1 through chromatin accessibility analysis. This study provides the first single cell level heterogeneity analysis of developing soft palate and shows the important role of Runx2 in regulating soft palate muscle development.

2021-01-27 | GSE155928 | GEO

RA-induced prominence-specific response resulted in distinctive regulation of Wnt and osteogenesis [mRNA-seq]

Project description:Proper retinoic acid (RA) signaling is essential for normal craniofacial development. Both excessive RA and RA deficiency in early embryonic stage led to a variety of craniofacial malformations, e.g., cleft palate, which have been investigated extensively. Dysregulated Wnt and Shh signaling were shown to underlie the pathogenesis of RA-induced craniofacial defects. In our present study, we showed a spatiotemporal-specific effect of RA signaling in regulating early development of facial prominences. While inhibited the Wnt activities in E12.5/E13.5 mouse palatal shelves, early exposure of excessive RA induced Wnt signaling and Wnt-related gene expression in mouse embryonic Frontonasal/Maxillary processes. A conserved regulatory network of miR-484-Fzd5 was identified to play critical roles in RA regulated craniofacial development using RNA-seq.

2023-07-29 | GSE238062 | GEO

RA-induced prominence-specific response resulted in distinctive regulation of Wnt and osteogenesis [miRNA-seq]

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Genome-wide maps of chromatin state in Shox2-domained anterior and Shox2-free posteior palatal tissues in the developing palate.

Project description:To characterize the anterior palate-specific chromatin landscape of the distal Shox2-binding sites, we conducted Shox2 ChIP-Seq again in parallel with H3K27ac ChIP-Seq on the Shox2+ domain anterior palate and the Shox2- posterior palate. Integrative analysis of the Shox2 and H3K27ac ChIP-Seq datasets and aggregate plots of binding signals of H3K27ac in the anterior and posterior palate, respectively, versus the summits of Shox2 binding sites showed close association of Shox2 binding peak with enriched H3K27ac in the anterior palate but not the posterior palate, indicate that Shox2 occupancy is highly related to active enhancer elements.

2019-10-23 | GSE138721 | GEO

The Molecular Anatomy of Mammalian Upper Lip and Primary Palate Fusion at Single Cell Resolution

Project description:The mammalian lip/primary palate form when coordinated growth and morphogenesis bring the nasal and maxillary processes into contact, the epithelia co-mingle, remodel and clear from the fusion site to allow mesenchyme continuity. Although several genes required for fusion have been identified, an integrated molecular and cellular description of the overall process is lacking. Here we employ single cell RNA sequencing of the developing mouse face to identify ectodermal, mesenchymal, and endothelial populations associated with patterning and fusion of the facial prominences. This analysis indicated that key cell populations at the fusion site exist within the periderm, basal epithelial cells and adjacent mesenchyme. Overall, these data provide a comprehensive high-resolution description of the various cell populations participating in fusion of the lip/primary palate as well as formation of the nasolacrimal groove, and they furnish a powerful resource for those investigating the molecular genetics of facial development and facial clefting that can be mined for critical mechanistic information concerning this prevalent human birth defect.

2019-06-11 | GSE132462 | GEO

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