Production of rAAV by plasmid transfection induces antiviral and inflammatory responses in suspension HEK293
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE224405 | GEO | 2023/02/06
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Human embryonal kidney cells (HEK-293) are the most common host cells used for transient recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) production in pharmaceutical industry. To better cover the expected gene therapy product demands in the future, different traditional strategies such as cell line sub-cloning and/or addition of chemical substances to the fermentation media have been used to maximize titers and improve product quality. A more effective and advanced approach to boost yield can be envisaged by characterizing the transcriptome of different HEK-293 cell line pedigrees with distinct rAAV productivity patterns to subsequently identify potential gene targets for cell engineering. In this work, the mRNA expression profile of three HEK-293 cell lines, resulting in various yields during a fermentation batch process for rAAV production, was investigated to gain basic insight into cell variability and eventually to identify genes that correlate with productivity. Mock runs using only transfection reagents were performed in parallel as a control. We found significant differences in gene regulatory behaviors between the three cell lines at different growth and production stages. The evaluation of these transcriptomics profiles combined with collected in-process control parameters and titers shed some light on potential cell engineering targets to maximize transient production of rAAV in HEK-293 cells Comparison of three HEK-293 suspension cell lines transcriptomics during an AAV production process
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Project description:The retinal degeneration slow gene (rds/peripherin), is essential for normal photoreceptor (rods and cones) outer segment structure in the neurosensory retina. Our rds animal model, are stable transgenic mice that carry a null mutation (complete lost of function) in the rds gene. Those animals become blind, mimicking a human form of retinitis pigmentosa. In our experience we have observed dramatic levels of photoreceptor rescue after subretinal injection of those animals with a ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) inserted into a recombinant Adeno-associate virus (rAAV) vector. However, this cell rescue is accompanied by changes in photoreceptor nuclear morphology, attenaution of the electroretinogram and evetually Apoptosis. By using Microarray analysis we hope to identify genes whose expression or lack thereof brings the cell to the brink of suicide. Identification of these genes will suggest therapeutic targets for the future. We will determine gene expression patterns in the retina of rds mice non-injected and injected with CNTF/rAAV virus after 60 days of injection. Our working hypothesis is that the injected CNTF/rAAV vector induces the expression of genes that somehow partially restores the photoreceptor morphology of rds mice. Paradoxically, it also has a negative effect on the phisiology of these cells (ERG). The up or down regulation of genes in different areas of the neurosensory retina collected by Laser Capture Microdissection will give us an insight on the relevance of candidate genes responsible for this phenomenon. We will use rds mice at age P25 and inject their rigth eye with CNTF/AVV virus (2.68x e13 particles/ml) and use the left eye as a control. Injection is performed via subretinal. Retinas will be collected at age P90 post injection. RNA will be extracted and processed accordingly for MIcroarray analysis.
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Project description:We investigated long-term human coagulation Factor IX expression of a novel variant when delivered into mice and rhesus macaques and compare transduction efficiencies using two different AAV capsids. In hemophilic mice injected with KP1-packaged rAAV expressing the hyperactive FIX variant specific activity plasma levels were 10-fold or 2-fold enhanced when compared to wild-type or Padua huFIX injected mice, respectively. In rhesus macaques AAV-LK03 capsid outperformed AAV-KP1 in terms of antigen expression and liver transduction. Two animals from each group showed sustained low-level huFIX expression at 3 months post-administration, while one animal from each group lost huFIX mRNA and protein expression over time despite comparable vector copies. We investigated if epigenetic differences in the vector episomes could explain this loss of transcription. Cut&Tag analysis revealed lower levels of activating histone marks in the two animals that lost expression. When comparing rAAV genome associated histone modifications in rhesus macaques to those in mice injected with the same vector, the activating histone marks were starkly reduced in macaque-derived episomes. Differential epigenetic marking of AAV genomes may explain different expression profiles in mice and rhesus macaques as well as the wide dose response variation observed in primates in both preclinical and human clinical trials.
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Project description:We investigated long-term human coagulation Factor IX expression of a novel variant when delivered into mice and rhesus macaques and compare transduction efficiencies using two different AAV capsids. In hemophilic mice injected with KP1-packaged rAAV expressing the hyperactive FIX variant specific activity plasma levels were 10-fold or 2-fold enhanced when compared to wild-type or Padua huFIX injected mice, respectively. In rhesus macaques AAV-LK03 capsid outperformed AAV-KP1 in terms of antigen expression and liver transduction. Two animals from each group showed sustained low-level huFIX expression at 3 months post-administration, while one animal from each group lost huFIX mRNA and protein expression over time despite comparable vector copies. We investigated if epigenetic differences in the vector episomes could explain this loss of transcription. Cut&Tag analysis revealed lower levels of activating histone marks in the two animals that lost expression. When comparing rAAV genome associated histone modifications in rhesus macaques to those in mice injected with the same vector, the activating histone marks were starkly reduced in macaque-derived episomes. Differential epigenetic marking of AAV genomes may explain different expression profiles in mice and rhesus macaques as well as the wide dose response variation observed in primates in both preclinical and human clinical trials.
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Project description:We investigated long-term human coagulation Factor IX expression of a novel variant when delivered into mice and rhesus macaques and compare transduction efficiencies using two different AAV capsids. In hemophilic mice injected with KP1-packaged rAAV expressing the hyperactive FIX variant specific activity plasma levels were 10-fold or 2-fold enhanced when compared to wild-type or Padua huFIX injected mice, respectively. In rhesus macaques AAV-LK03 capsid outperformed AAV-KP1 in terms of antigen expression and liver transduction. Two animals from each group showed sustained low-level huFIX expression at 3 months post-administration, while one animal from each group lost huFIX mRNA and protein expression over time despite comparable vector copies. We investigated if epigenetic differences in the vector episomes could explain this loss of transcription. Cut&Tag analysis revealed lower levels of activating histone marks in the two animals that lost expression. When comparing rAAV genome associated histone modifications in rhesus macaques to those in mice injected with the same vector, the activating histone marks were starkly reduced in macaque-derived episomes. Differential epigenetic marking of AAV genomes may explain different expression profiles in mice and rhesus macaques as well as the wide dose response variation observed in primates in both preclinical and human clinical trials.
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Project description:We investigated long-term human coagulation Factor IX expression of a novel variant when delivered into mice and rhesus macaques and compare transduction efficiencies using two different AAV capsids. In hemophilic mice injected with KP1-packaged rAAV expressing the hyperactive FIX variant specific activity plasma levels were 10-fold or 2-fold enhanced when compared to wild-type or Padua huFIX injected mice, respectively. In rhesus macaques AAV-LK03 capsid outperformed AAV-KP1 in terms of antigen expression and liver transduction. Two animals from each group showed sustained low-level huFIX expression at 3 months post-administration, while one animal from each group lost huFIX mRNA and protein expression over time despite comparable vector copies. We investigated if epigenetic differences in the vector episomes could explain this loss of transcription. Cut&Tag analysis revealed lower levels of activating histone marks in the two animals that lost expression. When comparing rAAV genome associated histone modifications in rhesus macaques to those in mice injected with the same vector, the activating histone marks were starkly reduced in macaque-derived episomes. Differential epigenetic marking of AAV genomes may explain different expression profiles in mice and rhesus macaques as well as the wide dose response variation observed in primates in both preclinical and human clinical trials.
2024-03-11 | GSE261045 | GEO
Project description:Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus (rAAV) is considered as one of the most successful and widely used viral vector for in vivo gene therapy. However, host immune responses to the vector and/or the transgene product remain a major hurdle to successful AAV gene transfer. In contrast to anti-vector adaptive immunity, the initiation of the innate immunity towards rAAV is still poorly understood but is directly dependent on the interaction between the viral vector and innate immune cells. Here, we used a quantitative transcriptomic-based approach to determine the activation of inflammatory and anti-viral pathways after rAAV8-based infection of monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells (moDC) obtained from 12 healthy human donors. We have shown that rAAV8 particles are efficiently internalized, but that this uptake does not induce any detectable transcriptomic change in moDC cells in contrast to an adenoviral infection which upregulates anti-viral pathways. These findings suggest an immunological favorable profile for rAAV8 serotype with regards to in vitro activation of moDC cell model. Transcriptomic analysis of rAAV-infected innate immune cells is a powerful method to determine the ability of the viral vector to be seen by these sensor cells, which remains of great importance to better understand the immunogenicity of rAAV vectors and to design immune-stealth products.
2023-09-12 | GSE228649 | GEO
Project description:Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are the predominant gene therapy vector. Several rAAV vectored therapies have achieved regulatory approval, but production of sufficient rAAV quantities remains difficult. The AAV Rep proteins, which are essential for genome replication and packaging, represent a promising engineering target for improvement of rAAV production but remain underexplored. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the Rep proteins and their mutational landscape, we assayed the effects of all 39,297 possible single codon mutations to the AAV2 rep gene on AAV2 production. Most beneficial variants are not observed in nature, indicating that improved production may require synthetic mutations. Additionally, the effects of AAV2 rep mutations were largely consistent across capsid serotypes, suggesting that production benefits are capsid independent. Our results provide a detailed sequence-to-function map that enhances our understanding of Rep protein function and lays the groundwork for Rep engineering and enhancement of large scale gene therapy production.
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Project description:Purpose: Here, we evaluated the effects of three different doses of rAAV5 vectors, which are widely used for functional studies in the brain, on hippocampal pyramidal neurons transcription in male mice. Results: There was a strong correlation between rAAV dose and toxicity. As dose increased, rAAV5-DIO-mCherry upregulated genes related to the immune and inflammation response and neuron death and downregulated genes associated with the synapse and axon compartments, mitochondrial potein complex suggesting that higher dose rAAV 5-DIO-mCherry may induce pyramidal neuronal fragility and impair synaptic transmission and structure. Conclusions:the dose should be taken into consideration when rAAV vectors are used for gene transduction studies.
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Project description:Hippocampal neuron cultures were prepared from neonatal C57BL/6N mice as previously described (Bading and Greenberg, Science, 1991). Cells were plated in dishes coated with Poly-D-Lysine (2mg/ml) and Laminin (10 µg/ml). Two days prior to harvesting, the medium was changed from NBA to transfection medium. Infection with rAAV-Npas4-flag of rAAV-GFP-myc was performed on day 5 in culture and cells were harvested on day 11. Total RNA was isolated using the RNeasy kit (Qiagen GmbH, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions, including on-column DNase I digestion. Microarray analysis was performed with Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 Expression BeadChips®. The Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility at the DKFZ (Heidelberg, Germany) processed the RNA samples. RNA quality assessment was performed with the Nanodrop ND-1000 (Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer). 4 μg of RNA was used for each microarray replicate. Raw microarray data was analyzed using Chipster (Kallio et al., 2011) by using R and Bioconductor packages. Statistical testing was performed using t-tests over all beads (e.g., one probeID over all beads of all samples of a group) in original scale. Benjamini-Hochberg correction was applied over all p-values of the differential expression analysis. We used a false discovery rate (FDR) of 5 % as a cut-off for determination of significance.
2021-10-18 | E-MTAB-10706 | biostudies-arrayexpress