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Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE225790 | GEO | 2023/11/20

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice [INCPMPM-17698]

Project description:Huntington’s disease (HD) is an incurable inherited disorder caused by repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene (Htt). The mutant protein causes neuronal degeneration leading to severe motor and psychological abnormalities. Selective downregulation of the mutant Htt by targeting Spt4/Spt5 or the Spt5-PolII transcription elongation complexes was proposed as a potential therapy. We report the identification of SPI-24 and SPI-77 small molecule inhibitors of Spt5-PolII that selectively lower mutant Htt. In the BACHD mouse model of HD, direct delivery to the striatum, subcutaneous injection and oral administration of these inhibitors diminished mutant Htt levels, ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and restored BDNF expression. Prolonged treatment attenuated motor and anxious-like phenotypes of HD mice and delayed disease deterioration. SPI-24 long-term treatment had no side-effects or global changes in gene expression. Mechanistically, SPIs reduce Spt5 and PolII occupancies of mutant Htt. Thus, SPIs can be an effective therapeutic strategy for HD.

2023-11-20 | GSE225789 | GEO

Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice [INCPMPM-16068]

2023-11-20 | GSE225788 | GEO

Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice

Project description:Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice

| PRJNA937611 | ENA

Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice [INCPMPM-16068]

Project description:Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice [INCPMPM-16068]

| PRJNA937615 | ENA

Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice [INCPMPM-17698]

Project description:Selected Spt5-Pol II inhibitors effectively relieve Huntington’s disease neuropathology and slow down its progression in mice [INCPMPM-17698]

| PRJNA937617 | ENA

Massage therapy can effectively relieve cancer pain: A meta-analysis.

Project description:BackgroundTo critically evaluate the effects of massage therapy on cancer pain.MethodsNine Chinese and English databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, SCOPUS, Web of Science core, China Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP) were systematically searched from the inception of databases to November 2022 for randomized controlled trials. According to Cochrane Collaboration, 2 reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias and extracted data from the included studies. All analyses were performed with Review Manager 5.4.ResultsThirteen randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis, containing 1000 patients (498 in the massage therapy group and 502 in the control group). Massage therapy could significantly relieve cancer pain in patients (standardized mean difference = -1.16, 95% confidence interval [-1.39, -0.93], P < .00001), especially those in the perioperative period and those with hematological malignancies. Foot reflexology and hand acupressure had a moderate effect on cancer pain relief, with hand acupressure being more effective. Massage duration of 10 to 30 minutes and a program length of ≥1 week had a better effect and could significantly relieve pain. The occurrence of adverse events was reported in 4 of the 13 studies, all of which were no adverse events.ConclusionsMassage therapy can be used as a complementary alternative therapy to relieve cancer pain in patients with hematological malignancies, breast cancer, and cancers of the digestive system. It is suggested that chemotherapy patients use foot reflexology, and perioperative period patients use hand acupressure. A massage duration of 10 to 30 minutes and a program length of ≥1 week is recommended to achieve better effects.

| S-EPMC10328622 | biostudies-literature

Pol II CTD kinases Bur1 and Kin28 promote Spt5 CTR-independent recruitment of Paf1 complex.

Project description:Paf1 complex (Paf1C) is a transcription elongation factor whose recruitment is stimulated by Spt5 and the CDKs Kin28 and Bur1, which phosphorylate the Pol II C-terminal domain (CTD) on Serines 2, 5, and 7. Bur1 promotes Paf1C recruitment by phosphorylating C-terminal repeats (CTRs) in Spt5, and we show that Kin28 enhances Spt5 phosphorylation by promoting Bur1 recruitment. It was unclear, however, whether CTD phosphorylation by Kin28 or Bur1 also stimulates Paf1C recruitment. We find that Paf1C and its Cdc73 subunit bind diphosphorylated CTD repeats (pCTD) and phosphorylated Spt5 CTRs (pCTRs) in vitro, and that cdc73 mutations eliminating both activities reduce Paf1C recruitment in vivo. Phosphomimetic (acidic) substitutions in the Spt5 CTR sustain high-level Paf1C recruitment in otherwise wild-type cells, but not following inactivation of Bur1 or Kin28. Furthermore, inactivating the pCTD/pCTR-interaction domain (PCID) in Cdc73 decreases Paf1C-dependent histone methylation in cells containing non-phosphorylatable Spt5 CTRs. These results identify an Spt5 pCTR-independent pathway of Paf1C recruitment requiring Kin28, Bur1, and the Cdc73 PCID. We propose that pCTD repeats and Spt5 pCTRs provide separate interaction surfaces that cooperate to ensure high-level Paf1C recruitment.

| S-EPMC3419927 | biostudies-literature

Targeting Spt5-Pol II small-molecule inhibitors uncouple distinct activities and reveal additional regulatory roles

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2019-10-01 | GSE136026 | GEO

Genome-wide view of the impact of Spt5-Pol II inhibitors (SPIs) on transcription [4sU-seq]

Project description:We identified the first Spt5-Pol II inhibitors (SPIs). SPIs faithfully reproduced Spt5 knockdown effects on proximal-promoter-pausing, NF-κB activation and the expanded-repeat huntingtin gene in neuronal cells. Using SPIs we identified Spt5 target genes that responded with profoundly diverse kinetics and a novel regulatory element of proximal-promoter-pausing. To validate that the effects of SPIs are at the transcriptional level, cellular RNA was metabolically labeled with 4-thio-uridine (4sU) for 2 hours in the presence of DMSO or SPI-21 in the presence or absence of TNFα. Newly synthesized labeled RNA was then purified and subjected to RNA-seq.

2019-10-01 | GSE136025 | GEO

Genome-wide view of the impact of Spt5-Pol II inhibitors (SPIs) on transcription [GRO-Seq]

Project description:We identified the first Spt5-Pol II inhibitors (SPIs). SPIs faithfully reproduced Spt5 knockdown effects on proximal-promoter-pausing, NF-κB activation and the expanded-repeat huntingtin gene in neuronal cells. Using SPIs we identified Spt5 target genes that responded with profoundly diverse kinetics and a novel regulatory element of proximal-promoter-pausing. To obtain a genome-wide view of the impact of SPIs on transcription, we performed Global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) using nuclei of HeLa cells treated with either DMSO (control) or SPI-21.

2019-10-01 | GSE136024 | GEO

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