Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Long COVID involves activation of proinflammatory and immune exhaustion pathways

ABSTRACT: Long COVID (LC) involves a spectrum of chronic symptoms after acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Current hypotheses for the pathogenesis of LC include persistent virus, tissue damage, autoimmunity, endocrine insufficiency, immune dysfunction and complement activation. We performed immunological, virological, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses from a cohort of 142 individuals between 2020 and 2021, including uninfected controls (n = 35), acutely infected individuals (n = 54), convalescent controls (n = 24) and patients with LC (n = 28). The LC group was characterized by persistent immune activation and proinflammatory responses for more than 180 days after initial infection compared with convalescent controls, including upregulation of JAK-STAT, interleukin-6, complement, metabolism and T cell exhaustion pathways. Similar findings were observed in a second cohort enrolled between 2023 and 2024, including convalescent controls (n = 20) and patients with LC (n = 18). These data suggest that LC is characterized by persistent activation of chronic inflammatory pathways, suggesting new therapeutic targets and potential biomarkers of disease.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE226260 | GEO | 2025/10/21

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
		Other

Items per page:

1 - 1 of 1

Similar Datasets

Sex differences and immune correlates of Long COVID development, persistence, and resolution

Project description:Sex differences have been observed in acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Long Covid (LC) outcomes, with greater disease severity and mortality during acute infection in males and greater proportions of females developing LC. We hypothesized that sex-specific immune dysregulation contributes to LC pathogenesis. To investigate the immunologic underpinnings of LC development and symptom persistence, we performed multi-omic analyses on blood samples obtained during acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and 3 and 12 months post infection in a cohort of 45 patients who either developed LC or recovered. Several sex-specific immune pathways were associated with LC. Males who would later develop LC exhibited increases in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling during acute infection, whereas females who would go on to develop LC had reduced TGFB1 expression. Females who developed LC demonstrated increased expression of XIST, an RNA gene implicated in autoimmunity, during acute infection compared with females who recovered. Many immune features of LC were also conserved across sexes, such as alterations in monocyte phenotype and activation state. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB transcription factors were up-regulated in many cell types at acute and convalescent time points. Those with ongoing LC demonstrated reduced ETS1 expression across lymphocyte subsets and elevated intracellular IL-4 in T cell subsets, suggesting that ETS1 alterations may drive aberrantly elevated Th2-like responses in LC. Altogether, this study describes multiple innate and adaptive immune correlates of LC, some of which differ by sex, and offers insights toward the pursuit of tailored therapeutics.

2024-11-13 | GSE270479 | GEO

Epigenome analysis of alcohol consumption in lymphocyte cell (LC) samples

Project description:Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of individuals consuming alcohol and controls in LC samples. Individuals consuming alcohol were profiled at time of intake (T1) into treatment facility and four weeks into treatment (T2). Controls were profiled once. The Illumina Infinium 450k Human DNA Methylation BeadChip v1.0 was used to obtain DNA methylation profiles across 485,577 CpGs in LC samples. Samples included 33 case subjects at T1, 26 case subjects at T2 and 33 controls.

2014-09-24 | GSE57853 | GEO

Increased blood microRNA-320 expression associated with imminent and severe lung cancer

Project description:Altered levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) in blood may contribute to identification of individuals with lung cancer (LC) but may also be early systemic signals of increased LC risk. We compared expression of 1663 miRNAs in blood collected during diagnostic workup for confirmed LC cases (n=128) to that in individuals with suspected but confirmed negative LC (n=62) and identified nine candidate miRNAs upregulated in LC cases. Higher expression of three candidates, miR-320b, 320c, and 320d, was associated with poor survival, independent of LC stage and subtype. To investigate pre-diagnostic profiles of the candidate miRNAs, we assessed their blood expression up to eight years prior to LC diagnosis in population-based cohorts compared to matched controls (n=360 cases, 375 controls). Expression of miR-320c and miR-320d was higher especially in cases sampled within two years prior to LC diagnosis. Thus, elevated levels of miR-320c and miR-320d may be early indications of severe LC.

2022-11-04 | GSE188232 | GEO

scRNA-seq characterization of immune cell types among individuals with or without Long COVID

Project description:Long COVID (LC), a type of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), occurs after at least 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infections, yet its etiology remains poorly understood. Here, we used multiple “omics” assays (CyTOF, RNAseq/scRNAseq, Olink) and serology to deeply characterize both global and SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity from blood of individuals with clear LC and non-LC clinical trajectories, 8 months following infection and prior to receipt of any SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Our analysis focused on deep phenotyping of T cells, which play important roles in immunity against SARS-CoV-2 yet may also contribute to COVID-19 pathogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that individuals with LC exhibit systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation. This is evidenced by global differences in T cell subset distribution in ways that imply ongoing immune responses, as well as by sex-specific perturbations in cytolytic subsets. Individuals with LC harbored increased frequencies of CD4+ T cells poised to migrate to inflamed tissues, and exhausted SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells. They also harbored significantly higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and in contrast to non-LC individuals, exhibited a mis-coordination between their SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cell responses. RNAseq and Olink analyses similarly revealed immune dysregulatory mechanisms, along with non-immune associated perturbations, in individuals with LC. Collectively, our data suggest that proper crosstalk between the humoral and cellular arms of adaptive immunity has broken down in LC, and that this, perhaps in the context of persistent virus, leads to the immune dysregulation, inflammation, and clinical symptoms associated with this debilitating condition.

2023-06-19 | GSE235050 | GEO

Long COVID manifests with T cell dysregulation, inflammation, and an uncoordinated adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2

Project description:Long COVID, a type of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (LC), occurs after at least 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infections, yet its etiology remains poorly understood. Here, we used multiple “omics” assays (CyTOF, RNAseq, Olink) and serology to deeply characterize both global and SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity from blood of unvaccinated individuals with clear LC and non-LC clinical trajectories, 8 months following infection. Our analysis focused on deep phenotyping of T cells, which play important roles in immunity against SARS-CoV-2 yet may also contribute to COVID-19 pathogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that LC individuals exhibit systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation. This is evidenced by global differences in T cell subset distribution in ways that imply ongoing immune responses, as well as by sex-specific perturbations in cytolytic subsets. LC individuals harbored increased frequencies of CD4+ T cells poised to home to inflamed tissues, and of exhausted SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells. They also harbored significantly higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and they, but not non-LC individuals, exhibited a mis-coordination between their SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cell responses. Collectively, our data suggest that proper crosstalk between the humoral and cellular arms of adaptive immunity has broken down in LC, and that this, perhaps in the context of a persistent reservoir of SARS-CoV-2, leads to the immune dysregulation, inflammation, and clinical symptoms associated with this debilitating disease.

2023-02-09 | GSE224615 | GEO

Epigenome analysis of alcohol consumption in lymphocyte cell (LC) samples

2014-09-24 | E-GEOD-57853 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Cytotoxic T cells targeting spike glycoprotein are associated with hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2

Project description:mRNA vaccination of individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection provides superior protection against breakthrough infections with variants of concern compared to vaccination in the absence of prior infection. However, the immune mechanisms by which this ‘hybrid immunity’ is generated and maintained are unknown. While genetic variation in spike glycoprotein effectively subverts neutralizing antibodies, spike-specific T cells are generally maintained against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Thus, we comprehensively profiled T cell responses against the S1 and S2 domains of spike glycoprotein in a cohort of SARS-CoV-2-naive or convalescent individuals who received two-dose mRNA vaccine series and were matched by age, sex, and vaccine type. Using flow cytometry, we observed that the overall functional breadth of CD4 T cells as well as polyfunctional Th1 responses were similar between the two groups. However, polyfunctional cytotoxic CD4 T cell responses against both S1 and S2 domains trended higher among convalescent subjects. Multi-modal single-cell RNA sequencing revealed diverse functional programs in spike-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells in both groups. However, convalescent individuals displayed enhanced cytotoxic and antiviral CD8 T cell responses to both S1 and S2 in the absence of cytokine production. Taken together, our data suggest that cytotoxic CD4 and CD8 T cells targeting spike glycoprotein may partially account for hybrid immunity and protection against breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2.

2023-03-01 | GSE223236 | GEO

Large-scale single-cell analysis reveals critical immune characteristics of COVID-19 patients

Project description:We profiled scRNA-seq of 284 samples collected from 196 individuals, including 22 patients with mild/moderate symptoms, 54 hospitalized patients with severe symptoms, and 95 recovered convalescent persons, as well as 25 healthy controls. The samples were obtained from various tissue types, including human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (249), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (12) and pleural pleural effusion (1)/sputum (22).

2021-02-04 | GSE158055 | GEO

Ochlerotatus sierrensis isolate:LC-2024

Project description:Ochlerotatus sierrensis isolate:LC-2024 Genome sequencing

| PRJNA940745 | ENA

Improvement of immune dysregulation and health-related quality of life in individuals with long COVID at 24-months following SARS-CoV-2 infection

Project description:This study investigated the humoral and cellular immune responses in individuals with long COVID (LC) compared to age and gender matched recovered COVID-19 controls (MC) over 24-months. LC participants showed elevated spike and nucleocapsid IgG levels, higher neutralizing capacity, and increased spike- and nucleocapsid-specific CD4+ T cells, PD-1, and TIM-3 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells at 3- and 8-months, but these differences did not persist at 24-months. Some LC participants had detectable IFN-γ and IFN-β, that was attributed to reinfection and antigen re-exposure. Single-cell RNA sequencing at 24-month timepoint revealed similar immune cell proportions and reconstitution of naïve T and B cell subsets in LC. No significant differences in exhaustion scores or antigen-specific T cell clones were observed. These findings suggest resolution of immune activation in LC and return to comparable immune responses between LC and MC over time. Improvement in self-reported health-related quality of life at 24-months was also evident in the majority of LC (62%). PTX3, CRP levels and platelet count were associated with improvements in health-related quality of life.

2024-04-04 | GSE262861 | GEO

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data