Cell-mediated cytotoxicity surrounding the brain in spinal muscular atrophy
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE232391 | GEO | 2024/03/27
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:We here longitudinally investigated how spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and nusinersen shaped local immune responses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
2024-04-20 | PXD051600 | Pride
Project description:Promising results from recent clinical trials on the approved antisense oligonucleotide nusinersen in pediatric patients with 5q-linked spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) still have to be confirmed in adult patients but are hindered by a lack of sensitive biomarkers that indicate an early therapeutic response. Changes of the overall neurochemical composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) under therapy may yield additive diagnostic and predictive information. With this prospective proof-of-concept and feasibility study, we evaluated non-targeted CSF proteomic profiles by mass spectrometry along with basic CSF parameters of 10 adult patients with SMA types 2 or 3 before and after 10 months of nusinersen therapy, in comparison with 10 age- and sex-matched controls. These data were analyzed by bioinformatics and correlated with clinical outcomes assessed by the Hammersmith Functional Rating Scale Expanded (HFMSE). CSF proteomic profiles of SMA patients differed from controls. Two groups of SMA patients were identified based on unsupervised clustering. These groups differed in age and expression of proteins related to neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration. Intraindividual CSF differences in response to nusinersen treatment varied between patients who clinically improved and those who did not. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PDX015117. Comparative CSF proteomic analysis in adult SMA patients before and after treatment with nusinersen identified subgroups and treatment-related changes and may therefore be suitable for diagnostic and predictive analyses.
2020-01-07 | PXD016757 | Pride
Project description:Background: Promising results from recent clinical trials on the approved antisense oligonucleotide nusinersen in pediatric patients with 5q-linked spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) still have to be confirmed in adult patients but are hindered by a lack of sensitive biomarkers that indicate an early therapeutic response. Changes of the overall neurochemical composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) under therapy may yield additive diagnostic and predictive information. Methods: In this prospective proof-of-concept and feasibility study, we evaluated non-targeted CSF proteomic profiles by mass spectrometry along with basic CSF parameters of ten adult patients with SMA types II or III before and after ten months of nusinersen therapy, in comparison with ten age- and gender-matched controls. These data were bioinformatically analyzed and correlated with clinical outcomes assessed by the Hammersmith Functional Rating Scale Expanded (HFMSE). Results: CSF proteomic profiles of patients with SMA differed from controls. Two groups of SMA patients were identified based on unsupervised clustering. These groups differed in age and expression of proteins related to neuroregeneration or neurodegeneration. Intraindividual CSF differences in response to nusinersen treatment varied between patients who clinically improved and those who did not. Conclusions: Comparative CSF proteomic analysis in adult SMA patients before and after treatment identified subgroups and treatment-related changes and may therefore be suitable for diagnostic and predictive analysis. These results require verification in larger multicenter cohorts.
2019-12-18 | PXD015117 | Pride
Project description:<p>Beyond motor neuron degeneration, homozygous mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene cause multiorgan and metabolic defects in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, the precise biochemical features of these alterations and the age of onset in the brain and peripheral organs remain unclear. Using untargeted NMR-based metabolomics in SMA mice, we identify cerebral and hepatic abnormalities related to energy homeostasis pathways and amino acid metabolism, emerging already at postnatal day 3 (P3) in the liver. Through HPLC, we find that SMN deficiency induces a drop in cerebral norepinephrine levels in overt symptomatic SMA mice at P11, affecting the mRNA and protein expression of key genes regulating monoamine metabolism, including aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DβH) and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). In support of the translational value of our preclinical observations, we also discovered that SMN upregulation increases cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine concentration in Nusinersen-treated SMA1 patients. Our findings highlight a previously unrecognized harmful influence of low SMN levels on the expression of critical enzymes involved in monoamine metabolism, suggesting that SMN-inducing therapies may modulate catecholamine neurotransmission. These results may also be relevant for setting therapeutic approaches to counteract peripheral metabolic defects in SMA. </p>
2023-11-27 | MTBLS8784 | MetaboLights
Project description:Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a motor-neuron disease caused by mutations of the SMN1 gene. The human paralog SMN2, whose exon 7 (E7) is predominantly skipped cannot compensate for the lack of SMN1. Nusinersen is an antisense oligonucleotide that upregulates E7 inclusion and SMN protein levels by displacing the splicing repressors hnRNPA1/A2 from their target site in intron 7. We show that, by promoting transcriptional elongation, the histone deacetylase inhibitor VPA cooperates with nusinersen to promote E7 inclusion. Surprisingly, nusinersen promotes the deployment of the silencing histone mark H3K9me2 on the SMN2 gene, creating a roadblock to PolII elongation that inhibits E7 inclusion. By removing the roadblock, VPA counteracts the undesired chromatin effects of nusinersen, resulting in higher E7 inclusion, without large pleiotropic effects, as assessed by genome-wide analyses. Combined administration of nusinersen and VPA in SMA mice strongly synergized in SMN expression, growth, survival, and neuromuscular function.
2022-06-09 | GSE167762 | GEO
Project description:The survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene is the causative gene for the spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) disease, the first genetic cause of infant mortality. It affects primarily motor neurons which are the targets of the approved genetic therapies aimed to compensate for the loss of SMN1. However, the limitations of these therapies are now evident since they are not cures, and alternative strategies need to be investigated. Because of the ubiquitous and multifunctional roles of SMN1 in the cell, deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying intrinsic abnormalities of the different tissues affected by SMA is crucial for the development of new therapeutic approaches. Here we used a muscle specific genetic mouse model for the identification of key cellular processes associated to SMN1 loss, at single myofiber level. We found that mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathogenetic event in SMA: mitochondria are abnormal with internal degenerated cristae. The ultrastructural changes are coincident with alterations in ROS levels by monoamine oxidase A and Ca2+ homeostasis. Interestingly, the improvements of the myopathic phenotype of the muscle-specific SMA model mice by transplantation of amniotic fluid stem (AFS) cells led to restore mitochondrial function. Our data suggest that a mitochondria-targeting therapy may represent a complementary and broad treatment strategy to further optimize the current treatment.
2023-03-08 | GSE207890 | GEO
Project description:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common genetic motor neuron (MN) disease caused by low levels of the ubiquitously expressed housekeeping survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, whereas concomitant overexpression of plastin 3 (PLS3) protects from SMA. Here we identify neurocalcin delta (NCALD), a neuronal calcium sensor, as a second fully protective SMA modifier, which counteracts SMA pathology when downregulated. We show reduced Ca2+ influx and impaired endocytosis in SMA, which are crucial processes in synaptic vesicle recycling and neurotransmission. Remarkably, both reduced NCALD or increased PLS3 restore endocytosis in cell culture and MN function across species in zebrafish, worm and mouse SMA models, whereas Ca2+ influx remains disturbed. Furthermore, NCALD physically binds clathrin in a Ca2+-dependent manner. We propose that NCALD acts as a Ca2+-regulated inhibitor of endocytosis, and that endocytosis is critically affected in SMA. This finding opens new therapeutic avenues for SMA. Multifactorial design comparing affected patients and unaffected disease carriers against severly affected control group to identify disease modifying transcripts
2015-01-01 | E-GEOD-58316 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Study of gene expression profiles of muscular and neuronal mouse mutant of spinal muscular atrophy(SMA). Pre and post symptomatic stage disease have been analyzed.
2005-05-20 | E-MEXP-131 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common genetic motor neuron (MN) disease caused by low levels of the ubiquitously expressed housekeeping survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, whereas concomitant overexpression of plastin 3 (PLS3) protects from SMA. Here we identify neurocalcin delta (NCALD), a neuronal calcium sensor, as a second fully protective SMA modifier, which counteracts SMA pathology when downregulated. We show reduced Ca2+ influx and impaired endocytosis in SMA, which are crucial processes in synaptic vesicle recycling and neurotransmission. Remarkably, both reduced NCALD or increased PLS3 restore endocytosis in cell culture and MN function across species in zebrafish, worm and mouse SMA models, whereas Ca2+ influx remains disturbed. Furthermore, NCALD physically binds clathrin in a Ca2+-dependent manner. We propose that NCALD acts as a Ca2+-regulated inhibitor of endocytosis, and that endocytosis is critically affected in SMA. This finding opens new therapeutic avenues for SMA.
2015-01-01 | GSE58316 | GEO
Project description:Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) nusinersen (Spinraza®) modulates the pre–mRNA splicing of the SMN2 gene, allowing rebalance of biologically active SMN. It is administered intrathecally via lumbar puncture after removing an equal amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Its effect was proven beneficial and approved since 2017 for SMA treatment. Since the direct effect of nusinersen on RNA metabolism, the aim of this project was to evaluate cell-free RNA (cfRNA) in CSF of SMA patients under ASOs treatment for biomarker discovery.
2023-07-03 | GSE221900 | GEO