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Nucleolar detention of NONO shields DNA double-strand breaks form aberrant transcripts

ABSTRACT: RNA-binding proteins emerge as effectors of the DNA damage response (DDR). The multifunctional non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein NONO/p54nrb marks nuclear paraspeckles in unperturbed cells, but also undergoes re-localization to the nucleolus upon induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). However, NONO nucleolar re-localization is poorly understood. Here we show that the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide stimulates the production of RNA polymerase II-dependent, DNA damage-inducible antisense intergenic non-coding RNA (asincRNA) in human cancer cells. Such transcripts originate from distinct nucleolar intergenic spacer regions and form DNA–RNA hybrids to tether NONO to the nucleolus in an RNA recognition motif 1 domain-dependent manner. NONO occupancy at protein-coding gene promoters is reduced by etoposide, which attenuates pre-mRNA synthesis, enhances NONO binding to pre-mRNA transcripts and is accompanied by nucleolar detention of a subset of such transcripts. The depletion or mutation of NONO interferes with detention and prolongs DSB signalling. Together, we describe a nucleolar DDR pathway that shields NONO and aberrant transcripts from DSBs to promote DNA repair.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE233594 | GEO | 2024/01/16

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Nucleolar detention of NONO shields DNA double-strand breaks from aberrant transcripts [CUT&RUN]

Project description:RNA-binding proteins emerge as effectors of the DNA damage response (DDR). The multifunctional non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein NONO/p54nrb marks nuclear paraspeckles in unperturbed cells, but also undergoes re-localisation to the nucleolus upon induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). However, NONO nucleolar re-localisation is poorly understood. Here we show that the topoisomerase-II inhibitor etoposide stimulates the production of RNA polymerase II-dependent, DNA damage-induced nucleolar antisense RNAs (diNARs) in human cancer cells. diNARs originate from distinct nucleolar intergenic spacer regions and form DNA-RNA hybrids to tether NONO to the nucleolus in ab RRM1 domain-dependent manner. NONO occupancy at protein-coding gene promoters is reduced by etoposide, which attenuates pre-mRNA synthesis, enhances NONO binding to pre-mRNA transcripts and is accompanied by nucleolar detention of a subset of such transcripts. The depletion or mutation of NONO interferes with detention and prolongs DSB signaling. Together, we describe a nucleolar DDR pathway that shields NONO and aberrant transcripts from DSBs to promote DNA repair.

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