A spatially resolved single cell genomic atlas of the adult human breast [snRNA_nuclei]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE234817 | GEO | 2023/06/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The adult human breast comprises an intricate network of epithelial ducts and lobules that are embedded in connective and adipose tissue. While most previous studies have focused on the breast epithelial system, many of the non-epithelial cell types remain understudied. Here, we constructed a comprehensive Human Breast Cell Atlas (HBCA) at single-cell and spatial resolution. Our single-cell transcriptomics data profiled 714,331 cells from 126 women, and 120,024 nuclei from 20 women, identifying 12 major cell types and 58 biological cell states. These data revealed abundant pericyte, endothelial and immune cell populations, and highly diverse luminal epithelial cell states. Spatial mapping using four different technologies revealed an unexpectedly rich ecosystem of tissue-resident immune cells, as well as distinct molecular differences between ductal and lobular regions. Collectively, these data provide an unprecedented reference of the adult normal breast tissue for studying mammary biology and diseases such as breast cancer.
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Project description:The adult human breast comprises an intricate network of epithelial ducts and lobules that are embedded in connective and adipose tissue. While most previous studies have focused on the breast epithelial system, many of the non-epithelial cell types remain understudied. Here, we constructed a comprehensive Human Breast Cell Atlas (HBCA) at single-cell and spatial resolution. Our single-cell transcriptomics data profiled 714,331 cells from 126 women, and 120,024 nuclei from 20 women, identifying 12 major cell types and 58 biological cell states. These data revealed abundant pericyte, endothelial and immune cell populations, and highly diverse luminal epithelial cell states. Spatial mapping using four different technologies revealed an unexpectedly rich ecosystem of tissue-resident immune cells, as well as distinct molecular differences between ductal and lobular regions. Collectively, these data provide an unprecedented reference of the adult normal breast tissue for studying mammary biology and diseases such as breast cancer.
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Project description:Five years of tamoxifen reduces breast cancer risk by nearly 50% but is associated with significant side-effects and toxicities. A better understanding of the direct and indirect effects of tamoxifen in benign breast tissue could elucidate new mechanisms of breast carcinogenesis, suggest novel chemoprevention targets, and provide relevant early response biomarkers for Phase II prevention trials. Seventy-three women at increased risk for breast cancer were randomized to tamoxifen (20 mg daily) or placebo for three months. Blood and breast tissue samples were collected at baseline and post-treatment. Sixty-nine women completed all study activities (37 tamoxifen and 32 placebo). The selected biomarkers focused on estradiol and IGFs in the blood, DNA methylation and cytology in random periareolar fine needle aspirates, and tissue morphometry, proliferation, apoptosis, and gene expression (microarray and RT-PCR) in the tissue core samples. Tamoxifen downregulated ets-oncogene family members ETV4 and ETV5 and reduced breast epithelial cell proliferation independent of CYP2D6 genotypes or effects on estradiol, ESR1 or IGFs. Reduction in proliferation was correlated with downregulation of ETV4 and DNAJC12. Tamoxifen also modulated expression of RAB GTPases, and several genes involved in epithelial-stromal interaction, and reduced tumor suppressor gene methylation. Three months of tamoxifen did not affect breast tissue composition, cytological atypia, preneoplasia or apoptosis. Tamoxifen may durably reduce breast cancer risk through downregulation of ETV4 and ETV5 which could deplete mammary progenitor populations. This pathway has the potential to provide novel targets and early response biomarkers for phase II prevention trials. Randomized prospective double blinded placebo-controlled trial of tamoxifen (20 mg daily) versus placeo in women at increased risk for breast cancer. Gene expression was assessed in whole breast tissue cores obtained at baseline and after three months of treatment for 35 women. Core biopsies were obtained in the late luteal phase (day 28 +/- 2) for premenopausal women (N = 19). Breast lobules from the baseline and post-treatment cores were microdissected for 5 tamoxifen subjects.
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Project description:In this work, we applied single-cell transcriptome sequencing on primary human liver tissue samples to study cellular processes underlying human liver regeneration. In order to study regeneration-specific cellular processes we obtained primary healthy liver tissue samples and liver tissue samples from patients that underwent a preoperative medical procedure called portal vein embolization (PVE). This medical treatment is performed to enlarge part of the liver such that a diseased portion can be removed avoiding liver insufficiency and thus we used post-PVE-derived tissues as a model to study liver regeneration in humans. This paradigm enabled us to catalog cell states related to tissue structure in two important and physiologically relevant conditions: hypertrophy and atrophy. In addition, we overcame technical challenges and provided novel protocols and pipelines for generating high quality liver cell atlases from frozen specimens showing consistency in results between fresh and frozen tissue datasets. Moreover, we established tissue-scale iterative indirect immunofluorescence imaging to enable high-dimensional spatial analysis of perivascular microenvironments and uncover cellular and histological alterations to regenerating liver lobules.
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Project description:Background: Breast cancer arises within specific regions in the human breast referred to as the terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). These are relatively dynamic structures characterized by sex hormone driven cyclic epithelial turnover. TDLUs consist of unique parenchymal entities embedded within a fibroblast-rich lobular stroma. Here, we established and characterized a new human breast lobular fibroblast cell line against its interlobular counterpart with a view to assessing the role of region-specific stromal cues in the control of TDLU dynamics. Methods: Primary lobular and interlobular fibroblasts were transduced to express human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Differentiation of the established cell lines along lobular and interlobular pathways was determined by immunocytochemical staining and genome-wide RNA sequencing. Their functional properties were further characterized by analysis of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation repertoire in culture and in vivo. The cells’ physiological relevance for parenchymal differentiation was examined in heterotypic co-culture with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-purified normal breast primary luminal or myoepithelial progenitors. The co-cultures were immunostained for quantitative assessment of epithelial branching morphogenesis, polarization, growth, and luminal epithelial maturation. In extension, myoepithelial progenitors were tested for luminal differentiation capacity in culture and in mouse xenografts. To unravel the significance of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-mediated crosstalk in TDLU-like morphogenesis and differentiation, fibroblasts were incubated with the TGF-β signaling inhibitor, SB431542, prior to heterotypic co-culture with luminal cells. Results: hTERT immortalized fibroblast cell lines retained critical phenotypic traits in culture and linked to primary fibroblasts. Cell culture assays and transplantation to mice showed that the origin of fibroblasts determines TDLU-like and ductal-like differentiation of epithelial progenitors. Whereas lobular fibroblasts supported a high level of branching morphogenesis by luminal cells, interlobular fibroblasts supported ductal-like myoepithelial characteristics. TDLU-like morphogenesis, at least in part, relied on intact TGF-β signaling. Conclusions: The significance of the most prominent cell type in normal breast stroma, the fibroblast, in directing epithelial differentiation is largely unknown. Through establishment of lobular and interlobular fibroblast cell lines, we here demonstrate that epithelial progenitors are submitted to stromal cues for site-specific differentiation. Our findings lend credence to considering stromal subtleties of crucial importance in the development of normal breast and, in turn, breast cancer.
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Project description:Gene expression profiling of normal tissues after curative radiotherapy was carried out to investigate the pathogenesis of late radiation injury in humans. Irradiated and control normal breast tissue was collected from patients undergoing bilateral mastectomy for ipsilateral tumour relapse or prophylaxis following radiotherapy for breast cancer. Using P.A.L.M. laser capture microdissection (LCM) of frozen sections, breast tissue was separated into an epithelial compartment (terminal duct lobular units and ducts) and a stromal compartment (remaining tissue). RNA was extracted, amplified and hybridised to a 20k cDNA array against a breast tissue reference RNA. Expression profiles of irradiated vs control breast were compared for each tissue compartment
2008-08-12 | E-TABM-419 | biostudies-arrayexpress