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Naoxintong Capsule inhibits endothelial cell injury by regu-lating the generation and function of circulating exosomes

ABSTRACT: Cardiovascular disease poses a serious threat to the health of middle-aged and elderly people worldwide. It has been shown that the pre-progression of cardiovascular disease is usually ac-companied by endothelial injury, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, so attention to the protection of injured endothelium is particularly important for the early control and treatment of vascular disease. Circulating exosomes belong to a type of extracellular vesicles with substance transport and signaling roles that act as regulatory mediators and play a great advantage in various diseases treatment. Naoxintong capsule (NXT) is a Chinese medicine with good clinical efficacy in alleviating the progression of cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of circulating exosomes in the treatment of endothelial injury by NXT remains unexplored. Here, we reported the protective effect of NXT on endothelial damage through circulating exosomes. Our results showed that cir-culating exosomes of serum from NXT-treated rats (NXT-EXO) had effects on damaged endothelial cells (ECs) by attenuating apoptosis, inhibiting inflammation and reducing oxidative stress, whereas circulating exosomes of serum from blank-treated rats (Ctl-EXO) had no significant effect. Thus, this study elucidated that circulating exosome played a key role in the efficacy of NXT in protecting against endothelial injury, which may have important implications for the functional studies of circulating exosomes and the clinical diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE235049 | GEO | 2026/04/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), however, it is unclear whether circRNA carried by exosomes (exos) can be used as biomarkers for chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of exosomal circRNAs in the plasma of CCS patients, and to screen exo-circRNAs that can act as biomarkers for the diagnosis of CCS. Methods: High-throughput sequencing technology was carried out in the plasma exosomal RNA of 15 CCS patients and 15 non-cardiac chest pain patients (NCCP, control group) (sequencing cohort) to screen for differentially expressed circRNAs. Selected differentially expressed exo-circRNAs were further verified by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in a small-sample cohort (derivation cohort) and a large-sample cohort (validation cohort). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of exo-circRNAs for CCS patients. Results: By high-throughput sequencing of circRNAs in 15 CCS patients and 15 NCCP patients, 276 circRNAs differentially expressed in plasma exosomes of CCS patients were screened by using |log2(Fold change) |>1 and q-value<0.001, and 103 were up-regulated and 173 were down-regulated. Among the 103 up-regulated circRNAs, 5 circRNAs with high expression levels and significantly increased in plasma exosomes of CCS patients were selected for validation. Twice RT-PCR validation demonstrated that exo-hsa_circ_0075269 and exo-hsa_circ_0000284 were significantly up-regulated in patients with CCS (P<0.001). Circulating exo-hsa_circ_0075269 and exo-hsa_circ_0000284 yielded the area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.761 (P<0.001, 95%CI=0.669, 0.852) and 0.623 (P=0.015, 95%CI=0.522, 0.724) for CCS, respectively by ROC curve analysis. Moreover, AUC of hsa_circ_0075269 combined with hsa_circ_0000284 for diagnosing CCS was 0.741 (P<0.001, 95%CI=0.667, 0.850). Conclusion: The expression profile of circRNA in plasma exosomes of patients with CCS was significantly different from that of the control group. Plasma exo-hsa_circ_0075269 and exo-hsa_circ_0000284 have the potential to be new biomarkers for CCS diagnosis.

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Naoxintong Capsule inhibits endothelial cell injury by regu-lating the generation and function of circulating exosomes

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