Hearing of malaria mosquitoes is modulated by a beta-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor and serves as insecticide target
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Anopheles gambiae
PROVIDER: GSE235286 | GEO | 2023/07/05
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:To test the contributions of phagocytic immune cells to mosquito immunity, we depleted mosquito phagocytes using clodronate liposomes and then challenged mosquitoes with malaria parasites. Observing a large increase in infection intensity, the purpose of the RNA-seq experiment is to determine their effects of phagocyte depletion on mosquito immunity.
2020-04-10 | GSE116156 | GEO
Project description:<p>Description:<br/> Experimental exposure to malaria parasites can lead to development of protective immunity, providing a foothold for the development of a malaria vaccine. The goal of this study is to investigate immune transcriptional profiles associated with malaria protective immune responses induced by experimental Chemo-Prophylaxis and Sporozoites (CPS) immunization of P. <i>falciparum</i>-naive human volunteers. Samples for this study were obtained from a CPS-immunization study conducted in 2011 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01218893), where healthy volunteers received CPS-immunization with bites from different numbers of P. <i>falciparum</i>-infected mosquitoes (three times 15 (n=5), 10 (n=9) or 5 (n=10)). Five control subjects received uninfected mosquito bites under chloroquine prophylaxis. Fifteen weeks after discontinuation of chloroquine prophylaxis, all volunteers were challenged by exposure to infected mosquito bites. </p> <p>Study Design:<br/> A maximum of 30 volunteers were divided into four groups. All volunteers received weekly chloroquine prophylaxis for a period of 13 weeks (91 days). During these 13 weeks, on days 8, 36 and 64 they were exposed to the bites of 15 mosquitoes. Group 1 (n=5, positive control) received three CPS immunizations by 15 mosquitoes infected with P. falciparum sporozoites. Group 2 (n=10) received three times 10 bites from infected mosquitoes and 5 bites from uninfected mosquitoes. Group 3 (n=10) received three times 5 bites from infected mosquitoes and 10 bites from uninfected mosquitoes. Group 4 (n=5), the negative control, received three placebo immunizations with 15 bites of uninfected mosquitoes. Fifteen weeks after discontinuation of chloroquine prophylaxis, all 30 volunteers were challenged at day 196 by the bites of 5 infectious mosquitoes and followed for 21 days. All subjects were treated with chloroquine 21 days after challenge or whenever they had a positive thick smear during that period. </p>
| phs001346 | dbGaP
Project description:Plasmodium ssp. are pathogens in their vertebrate hosts and also cause deleterious effects to their insect vectors. We show here, however, that Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes more efficiently accumulate energy resources (glycogen) during oocyst development, and survive better when they are starved. Microarray analysis revealed that mosquito metabolism is altered by the presence of rapidly growing oocysts in the midgut. Plasmodium infection is associated with enhanced expression of several insulin-like peptides in mosquitoes and blocking insulin-like signaling results in diminished Plasmodium development. We conclude that Plasmodium infection dramatically changes mosquito metabolism pathways, epitomized by enhanced insulin-signaling, and thereby confer a survival advantage to the insects during periods of starvation. Manipulation of this pathway may provide new strategies to influence the ability of mosquitoes to transmit the protozoa that cause malaria. One-condition experiment: P. berghei infected vs uninfected mosquitoes; 10 mosquitoes per sample; 4 biological replicates for each group; two different time points, 10 and 17 days post infection; control mosquitoes were from same batch as infected mosquitoes that were fed on clean mice.
2011-12-31 | E-GEOD-32200 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: The mosquito Anopheles gambiae is a major vector of human malaria. Increasing evidence indicates that blood cells (hemocytes) comprise an essential arm of the mosquito innate immune response against both bacteria and malaria parasites. To further characterize the role of hemocytes in mosquito immunity, we undertook the first genome-wide transcriptomic analyses of adult female An. gambiae hemocytes following infection by two species of bacteria and a malaria parasite. Results: We identified 4047 genes expressed in hemocytes, using An. gambiae genome-wide microarrays. While 279 transcripts were significantly enriched in hemocytes relative to whole adult female mosquitoes, 959 transcripts exhibited immune challenge-related regulation. The global transcriptomic responses of hemocytes to challenge with different species of bacteria and/or different stages of malaria parasite infection revealed discrete, minimally overlapping, pathogen-specific signatures of infection-responsive gene expression; 105 of these represented putative immunity-related genes including anti-Plasmodium factors. Of particular interest was the specific co-regulation of various members of the Imd and JNK immune signaling pathways during malaria parasite invasion of the mosquito midgut epithelium. Conclusion: Our genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of adult mosquito hemocytes reveals pathogen-specific signatures of gene regulation and identifies several novel candidate genes for future functional studies. In order to identify hemocyte-specific and immune-responsive transcripts, we first compared transcripts expressed in hemocytes from one day old sugar-fed mosquitoes to transcripts detected in whole mosquitoes of the same age and feeding status. This resulted in identification of the hemocyte-enriched transcriptome. We then compared hemocytes from 1 day old mosquitoes, 1 hour after immune challenge with heat-killed Escherichia coli or Micrococcus luteus, to control female mosquitoes injected with sterile PBS to determine the bacteria challenge responsive transcriptomes. We used heat-killed bacteria in these assays, because our primary interest was in identifying the bacterial responsive transcriptome and to avoid the potentially confounding effects of altered gene expression due to the lethal effects of a systemic infection associated with injection of living bacteria. Lastly, we compared hemocytes from mosquitoes at 24 hours and 19 days after ingestion of a blood meal infected with Plasmodium berghei to mosquitoes of the same age fed a non-infected blood meal to determine the ookinete and sporozoite infection responsive transcriptomes, respectively. This design resulted in a total of five experimental treatments. The following samples are not included in this submission: Hemo E coli vs. hemo unchallenged A Hemo E coli vs. hemo unchallenged B Hemo m luteus vs. hemo unchallenged A Hemo m luteus vs. hemo unchallenged B
2011-10-31 | E-GEOD-33269 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes transmit the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which causes the majority of fatal malaria cases worldwide. The hematophagous life style defines the mosquito reproductive biology and is exploited by P. falciparum for its own sexual reproduction and transmission. The two main phases of the mosquito reproductive cycle, pre-vitellogenic (PV) and post-blood meal (PBM) shape its capacity to transmit malaria. Transition between these phases is tightly coordinated to ensure homeostasis between mosquito tissues and successful reproduction. One layer of control is provided by microRNAs, well-known regulators of blood meal digestion and egg development in mosquitoes. Here, we report a global overview of tissue-specific miRNA expression during the PV and PBM phases and identify miRNAs regulated during PV to PBM transition. The observed coordinated changes in the expression levels of a set of miRNAs in the energy-storing tissues suggest a role in the regulation of blood meal-induced metabolic changes.
2017-08-25 | GSE103034 | GEO
Project description:Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are primary human malaria vectors, but we know very little about their mechanisms of transcriptional regulation. We profiled chromatin accessibility by ATAC-seq in laboratory-reared An. gambiae mosquitoes experimentally infected with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. By integrating ATAC-seq, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data we showed a positive correlation between accessibility at promoters and introns, gene expression and active histone marks. By comparing expression and chromatin structure patterns in different tissues, we were able to infer cis-regulatory elements controlling tissue specific gene expression and to predict the in vivo binding sites of relevant transcription factors. The ATAC-seq assay also allowed the precise mapping of active regulatory regions, including novel transcription start sites and enhancers that annotate to mosquito immune-response genes. This study is important not only for advancing our understanding of mechanisms of transcriptional regulation in the mosquito vector of human malaria, but also the information we produced is of great potential for developing new mosquito-control and anti-malaria strategies.
2020-12-22 | GSE152924 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptional responses in the gut of the main malaria vector Anopheles gambiae following oral bacterial infection with the entomopathogen Serratia marcescens were identified using DNA microarrays. S. marcescens is a common member of the mosquito gut microbiota, found in both laboratory reared and field collected mosquitoes, that can be potentially pathogenic as in Drosophila (Nehme et al., 2007), while it has been shown to influence the outcome of Plasmodium infections (Bando et al., 2013). S. marcescens belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, members of which have been shown to influence malaria transmission dynamics (Cirimotich et al., 2011, Boissiere et al., 2012). To further investigate the interactions between S. marcescens and the mosquito host, likely to shape, directly or indirectly, malaria transmission dynamics, An. gambiae mosquitoes, from the recently established N'gousso M form laboratory colony that retains much of the genetic variation of field mosquitoes, were antibiotic treated for 5 days and subsequently orally infected with the Db11-GFP strain of S. marcescens. Bacteria-fed mosquitoes were selected 2 days post infection, and, 3 days post infection, guts from bacteria-fed mosquitoes were dissected. Uninfected control mosquitoes were treated in the same way. Differential expression in the gut of S. marcescens infected mosquitoes, compared to uninfected controls, was identified by hybridizing labelled complementary RNA, derived from total RNA extracted from the respective gut pools, in customized Agilent 4x44k gene expression microarrays, comprising oligonucleotide probes encompassing all An. gambiae annotated genes of the AgamP3.6 release, with each probe represented in duplicate.
2013-11-30 | E-MEXP-3952 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes play an important role in malaria transmission. In sub-Saharan Africa, the dry season can last several months. The mechanisms for mosquito population to survive through the dry season are poorly understood. One possible mechanism is that adults increase their desiccation tolerance over the dry season. Genetic analyses have shown that inversions 2La, 2Rb, 2Rc, 2Rd and 2Ru are associated with aridity resistance, however little is known about the transcriptional response of genes in response to desiccation. The results of the present study demonstrate that desiccation affects expression of genes associated with several mosquito physiological mechanisms, including those that protect against water loss, but all structural related genes decreased their expression. The identified differentially expressed genes in response to desiccation stress can lay a foundation for better understanding of molecular mechanisms underling dry-season survival of An. gambiae mosquitoes, so it may provide a different option for malaria vector control. Transcriptional profiles of Anopheles gambiae female mosquitoes were exposed to 70% (standard) or 30% (desiccated) RH without any access to sugar and water at 0hr, 18hr or 36hr.
2011-12-31 | E-GEOD-25433 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The main purpose of this article is to formulate a deterministic mathematical model for the transmission of malaria that considers two host types in the human population. The first type is called "non-immune" comprising all humans who have never acquired immunity against malaria and the second type is called "semi-immune". Non-immune are divided into susceptible, exposed and infectious and semi-immune are divided into susceptible, exposed, infectious and immune. We obtain an explicit formula for the reproductive number, R(0) which is a function of the weight of the transmission semi-immune-mosquito-semi-immune, R(0a), and the weight of the transmission non-immune-mosquito-non-immune, R(0e). Then, we study the existence of endemic equilibria by using bifurcation analysis. We give a simple criterion when R(0) crosses one for forward and backward bifurcation. We explore the possibility of a control for malaria through a specific sub-group such as non-immune or semi-immune or mosquitoes
2020-07-09 | MODEL1808280013 | BioModels
Project description:Background: The mosquito Anopheles gambiae is a major vector of human malaria. Increasing evidence indicates that blood cells (hemocytes) comprise an essential arm of the mosquito innate immune response against both bacteria and malaria parasites. To further characterize the role of hemocytes in mosquito immunity, we undertook the first genome-wide transcriptomic analyses of adult female An. gambiae hemocytes following infection by two species of bacteria and a malaria parasite. Results: We identified 4047 genes expressed in hemocytes, using An. gambiae genome-wide microarrays. While 279 transcripts were significantly enriched in hemocytes relative to whole adult female mosquitoes, 959 transcripts exhibited immune challenge-related regulation. The global transcriptomic responses of hemocytes to challenge with different species of bacteria and/or different stages of malaria parasite infection revealed discrete, minimally overlapping, pathogen-specific signatures of infection-responsive gene expression; 105 of these represented putative immunity-related genes including anti-Plasmodium factors. Of particular interest was the specific co-regulation of various members of the Imd and JNK immune signaling pathways during malaria parasite invasion of the mosquito midgut epithelium. Conclusion: Our genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of adult mosquito hemocytes reveals pathogen-specific signatures of gene regulation and identifies several novel candidate genes for future functional studies.
2011-10-31 | GSE33269 | GEO