Targeting PHGDH reverses the immunosuppressive function in macrophages and enhances cancer immunotherapy
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE236357 | GEO | 2024/01/27
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have immunosuppressive capacity in mouse models of cancer. Here we show that the genetic deletion of the microRNA (miRNA)-processing enzyme DICER in TAMs broadly programs them to a CD11c+MRC1â/low M1-like immunostimulatory phenotype characterized by activated interferon-γ (IFN-γ)/STAT1/IRF signaling. M1-like TAM programming fostered the recruitment of cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs), including tumor-antigen-specific CTLs, inhibited tumor growth, and enhanced the efficacy of PD1 checkpoint blockade. Bioinformatics analysis of TAM transcriptomes identified a limited set of miRNAs putatively involved in TAM programming. Re-expression of Let-7 in Dicer-deficient TAMs was sufficient to partly rescue the M2-like (protumoral) TAM phenotype and abate tumor CTL infiltration. Targeted suppression of DICER activity in TAMs may, therefore, stimulate antitumor immunity and enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. To explore the role of DICER in the development, activation and immunological functions of TAMs, we crossed homozygous LysM-Cre (Clausen et al., 1999) with Dicerlox/lox (Harfe et al., 2005) mice to obtain mice with myeloid-cell-specific Dicer1 gene deletion (LysM-Cre;Dicerâ/â, referred to as Dâ/â). These mice were then backcrossed to LysM-Cre to obtain the control LysM-Cre; Dicer+/+ mice (referred to as D+/+). Both LysM-Cre and Dicerlox/lox mutations were always homozygous in our experiment. We then inoculated Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells subcutaneously (s.c.) in Dâ/â and control D+/+ mice. Once the tumors were established, we isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) tumor-associated macrophages (F4/80+ cells).
2016-06-13 | E-GEOD-76356 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have immunosuppressive capacity in mouse models of cancer. Here we show that the genetic deletion of the microRNA (miRNA)-processing enzyme DICER in TAMs broadly programs them to a CD11c+MRC1−/low M1-like immunostimulatory phenotype characterized by activated interferon-γ (IFN-γ)/STAT1/IRF signaling. M1-like TAM programming fostered the recruitment of cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs), including tumor-antigen-specific CTLs, inhibited tumor growth, and enhanced the efficacy of PD1 checkpoint blockade. Bioinformatics analysis of TAM transcriptomes identified a limited set of miRNAs putatively involved in TAM programming. Re-expression of Let-7 in Dicer-deficient TAMs was sufficient to partly rescue the M2-like (protumoral) TAM phenotype and abate tumor CTL infiltration. Targeted suppression of DICER activity in TAMs may, therefore, stimulate antitumor immunity and enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
2016-06-13 | GSE76356 | GEO
Project description:Activation of immune cells is accompanied by a metabolic reconfiguration of their cellular energy metabolism including shifts in glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration that critically regulate functional effector responses. However, while current mass spectrometry strategies identify overall or flux-dependent metabolite profiles of cells or tissues, they fail to comprehensively identify the checkpoint nodes and enzymes that are responsible for different metabolic outputs. Here, we demonstrate that a data-driven inverse modelling approach from mass spectrometry metabolomics data can be used to identify a causal biochemical node that influence overall metabolic profiles and reactions. In our study we applied this strategy to TSC2/mTORC1-dependent macrophage polarization. Using multiomics metabolomics, proteomics and transcriptomics analysis as well as enzymatic activity measurements we demonstrate that TSC2, a negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling, critically influences the cellular metabolism of macrophages by regulating the enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), a rate-limiting enzyme that diverts carbon from glycolysis for de novo serine/glycine biosynthesis. This is the first evidence that the metabolic kinase mTORC1 positively regulates PHGDH activity in macrophages. Importantly, PHGDH itself is a central regulator of macrophage polarization. Anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages have high PHGDH activity that is required for the expression of typical anti-inflammatory molecules. Inhibition of PHGDH activity suppressed marker genes in IL-4 stimulated M2 macrophages. This identifies PHGDH as a metabolic signature of M2 macrophages. The presented concept of data-driven inverse modelling and multiomics analysis allows for the systematic integration of genome-scale metabolic reconstruction, prediction and analysis of causal biochemical regulation.
2020-05-26 | PXD010657 | Pride
Project description:Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) which can either promote tumor progression (M2) or induce antitumor immunity (M1). The hypothesis of our study is that the expression of FOLR2 is associated with an M2-like macrophage profile. The main goal of this study is to compare the transcriptomic profile of FOLR2 positive and FOLR2 negative TAMs obtained from the ascites of C57BL/6 mice bearing ovarian ID8 intraperitoneal tumors. Abstract: The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) represents a major barrier for effective immunotherapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly heterogeneous and plastic cell components of the TME which can either promote tumor progression (M2-like) or boost antitumor immunity (M1-like). Selective targeting of the pro-tumorigenic subset of TAMs represents an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here, we demonstrate that a subset of TAMs that expressing folate receptor β (FRβ) possess an immunosuppressive, tumor-promoting M2-like profile, while FRβ negative TAMs feature pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage properties. In syngeneic tumor mouse models, the administration of FRβ-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells mediated elimination of FRβ+ TAMs in the TME, which resulted in an enrichment of pro-inflammatory monocytes, an influx of endogenous tumor-specific CD8+ T-cells, delayed tumor progression, and prolonged survival. Preconditioning of the TME with FRβ-specific CAR T-cells also improved the effectiveness of tumor-directed anti-mesothelin CAR T-cells, while simultaneous co-administration of both CAR products did not. Thus, CAR T-cell-mediated depletion of immunosuppressive M2-like TAMs incites a pro-inflammatory TME that broadens endogenous antitumor immunity and limits tumor progression, highlighting the pro-tumor role of FRβ+ TAMs in the TME and the therapeutic implications of TAM-depleting agents as preparative adjuncts to conventional immunotherapies that directly target tumor antigens.
2020-11-01 | GSE155841 | GEO
Project description:Melanomas display high numbers of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which correlate with worse prognosis but also retain the potential to restore anti-tumor activity. Harnessing macrophages for therapeutic purposes has been particularly challenging due to their heterogeneity, based on their ontogeny and function and driven by the tissue-specific niche. In the present study, we used the YUMM1.7 murine melanoma model to better understand melanoma TAM origin and dynamics during tumor progression, with potential therapeutic implications. We identified distinct TAM subsets based on F4/80 expression, with the F4/80high fraction increasing over time and displaying tissue-resident-like phenotype. While skin-resident macrophages showed mixed ontogeny, F4/80+ TAM subsets in i.d. YUMM1.7 tumors originated almost exclusively from bone-marrow precursors. Multiparametric analysis of macrophage phenotype showed a temporal divergence of F4/80+ TAM subpopulations, which also differed from skin-resident subsets, and from their monocytic precursors. Overall, F4/80+ TAMs displayed co-expression of M1- and M2-like canonical markers, and RNA-seq and pathway analysis showed differential immunosuppressive and metabolic profiles. GSEA showed F4/80high TAMs to rely on oxidative phosphorylation, with increased proliferation and protein secretion while F4/80low cells had high pro-inflammatory and intracellular signaling pathways, with lipid and polyamine metabolism. Overall, the present in-depth characterization provides further evidence of the ontogeny of the evolving melanoma TAMs. Some of these gene profiles matched recently-identified TAM clusters in other tumor models and human cancers, which in turn can lead to more effective therapies targeting specific immunosuppressive cells in advanced tumor stages.
2023-01-30 | GSE223545 | GEO
Project description:D-3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh; EC 1.1.1.95) is a necessary enzyme for de novo L-serine biosynthesis via the phosphorylated pathway. We demonstrated previously that Phgdh is expressed exclusively by neuroepithelium and radial glia in developing mouse brain and later mainly by astrocytes. Mutations in the human PHGDH gene cause serine deficiency disorders (SDD) associated with severe neurological symptoms such as congenital microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, and intractable seizures. We recently demonstrated that genetically engineered mice, in which the gene for Phgdh has been disrupted, have significantly decreased levels of serine and glycine, and exhibit malformation of brain such as microcephaly. The Phgdh null (KO) embryos exhibit lethal phenotype after gestational day 14, indicating that the phosphorylated pathway is essential for embryogenesis, especially for brain development. It is worth noting that the Phgdh knockout (KO) embryos primarily displayed microcephaly, which is the most conspicuous phenotype of patients with SDD. Thus, Phgdh KO mice are a useful animal model for studying the effect of diminished L-serine levels on development of the central nervous system and other organs. To better understand the mechanism underlying the molecular pathogenesis of SDD, we sought to examine whether gene expression is altered in the Phgdh KO mouse model. We identify genes that have altered expression in the head of the Phgdh KO embryos using the GeneChip array. Some of the genes identified by this method belong in functional categories that are relevant to the biochemical and morphological aberrations of the Phgdh deletion. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA samples were prepared from head tissues from 2 embryos of Phgdh knockout and littermate wild-type controls. Experiment Overall Design: RNA of 4 biological replicates was hybridized to Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 arrays. Five microgram total RNA was labelled according to the ENZO-protocol, fragmented and hybridized according to Affymetrix's protocols.
2008-06-17 | E-GEOD-8555 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cancer metastasis requires the transient activation of cellular programs enabling dissemination and seeding in distant organs. Genetic, transcriptional and translational heterogeneity contributes to this dynamic process. Metabolic heterogeneity has also been observed, yet its role for cancer progression is less explored. Here, we discover that loss of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) potentiates metastatic dissemination. Specifically, we find that heterogeneous or low PHGDH expression in primary tumors of breast cancer patients is associated with decreased metastasis free survival time. In mice, circulating tumor cells and early metastatic lesions are enriched with PHGDH low cancer cells and silencing PHGDH in primary tumors increases metastasis formation. Mechanistically, PHGDH protein interacts with the glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase (PFK) and the loss of this interaction activates the hexosamine – sialic acid pathway, which provides precursors for protein glycosylation. Consequently, aberrant protein glycosylation including increased sialylation of integrin αvβ3 occurs, which potentiates cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of sialic acid metabolism counteracts the metastatic capacity of PHGDH low cancer cells. In conclusion, while the catalytic activity of PHGDH supports cancer cell proliferation, low PHGDH protein expression non-catalytically potentiates cancer dissemination and metastasis formation. Thus, the presence of PHDGH heterogeneity in primary tumors may be considered a sign of tumor aggressiveness.
2022-03-30 | GSE198380 | GEO
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells are crucial for immune homeostasis but they also contribute to tumor immune evasion by promoting a suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Mice with Treg cell-restricted Neuropilin 1 deficiency show tumor resistance while maintaining peripheral immune homeostasis, thereby providing a controlled system to interrogate the impact of intratumoral Treg cells on the TME. Using this and other genetic models, we showed that Treg cells shaped the transcriptional landscape across multiple tumor-infiltrating immune cell types. Treg cells suppressed CD8+ T cell secretion of interferon-gamma(IFN[gamma]), which would otherwise block the activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1)-mediated fatty acid synthesis in immunosuppressive (M2-like) tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Thus, Treg cells indirectly but selectively sustained M2-like TAM metabolic fitness, mitochondrial integrity and survival. SREBP1 inhibition augmented the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade, suggesting that targeting Treg cells or their modulation of lipid metabolism in M2-like TAMs could improve cancer immunotherapy.
2020-01-01 | GSE133656 | GEO
Project description:Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote malignant progression. In breast cancer, TAMs enhance tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell invasion, matrix remodeling, and immune suppression against the tumor. In this study, we examined late-stage mammary tumors from a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer. We used flow cytometry under conditions that minimized gene expression changes to isolate a rigorously defined TAM population previously shown to be associated with invasive carcinoma cells. The gene expression signature of this population was compared with a similar population derived from spleens of non-tumor-bearing mice using high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Using stringent selection criteria, transcript abundance of 460 genes was shown to be differentially regulated between the two populations. Bioinformatic analyses of known functions of these genes indicated that formerly ascribed TAM functions, including suppression of immune activation and matrix remodeling, as well as multiple mediators of tumor angiogenesis, were elevated in TAMs. Further bioinformatic analyses confirmed that a pure and valid TAM gene expression signature in mouse tumors could be used to assess expression of TAMs in human breast cancer. The data derived from these more physiologically relevant autochthonous tumors compared with previous studies in tumor xenografts suggest tactics by which TAMs may regulate tumor angiogenesis and thus provide a basis for exploring other transcriptional mediators of TAM trophic functions within the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages from late-stage mouse mammary tumors compared to splenic macrophages from non-tumor-bearing littermate controls. 4 biological replicates of each population were compared via gene expression arrays.
2010-06-21 | E-GEOD-18404 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to be involved in progression, angiogenesis and motility of various cancers. We have previously reported the association between increased number of infiltrating TAMs with tumor progression and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). To study roles of TAMs in ESCC, we first exposed peripheral blood monocytes (PBMo) derived macrophages from healthy volunteers to conditioned media of TE series human ESCC cell line (TECM) and confirmed the induction of expression of M2 macrophage marker, CD204, and protumorigenic factors, interleukin (IL)-10, VEGFA and MMPs. Next, we compared gene expression profile between PBMo-derived macrophages and PBMo-derived macrophages stimulated with TECM by cDNA microarray. Based on the result, we focused on growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) among highly expressed genes including IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL1. Immunohistochemical study on 70 cases of surgically resected ESCCs revealed that GDF15 was detected not only in macrophages but also in cancer cells. High expression of GDF15 in ESCCs was significantly correlated with more malignant phenotypes including lymph and blood vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis as well as clinical stages. Patients with high expression of GDF15 showed poor disease-free survival (p = 0.011) and overall survival (p = 0.041). Furthermore, we found that recombinant human GDF15 promote cell proliferation and phosphorylation of both Akt and Erk1/2 in ESCC cell lines in vitro. These results indicate that GDF15 is secreted by both TAMs and cancer cells in tumor microenvironment and is associated with aberrant growth and poor prognosis of human ESCC. We exposed PBMo-derived macrophages from healthy volunteers to TECM and observed their acquisition of TAM-like characters in this study. We further investigated specific cancer-associated gene expression profile in TECM induced TAM-like macrophages by cDNA microarray analysis.
2014-08-01 | E-GEOD-59948 | biostudies-arrayexpress