De novo TLK1 and MDM1 mutations in a patient with a neurodevelopmental disorder and immunodeficiency
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE241032 | GEO | 2023/08/18
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1/TLK2) regulate DNA replication, repair and chromatin maintenance. TLK2 variants are associated with ‘Intellectual Disability, Autosomal Dominant 57’ (MRD57), a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) characterized by intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and microcephaly. Several TLK1 variants have been reported in NDDs but their functional significance is unknown. A male patient presenting with ID, seizures, global developmental delay, hypothyroidism, and primary immunodeficiency was determined to have a heterozygous TLK1 variant (c.1435C>G, p.Q479E), as well as a mutation in MDM1 (c.1197dupT, p.K400*). Cells expressing TLK1 p.Q479E exhibited reduced cytokine responses and elevated DNA damage, but not increased radiation sensitivity or DNA repair defects. The TLK1 p.Q479E variant impaired kinase activity but not proximal protein interactions.
2024-04-30 | GSE266289 | GEO
Project description:Introduction The Tousled-Like Kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1 and TLK2) are involved in many fun-damental processes, including DNA replication, cell cycle checkpoint recovery and chromatin remodelling. Mutations in TLK2 were recently associated with “Mental Retardation Autoso-mal Dominant 57” (MRD57), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a highly varia-ble phenotype, including mild-to-moderate intellectual disability, behavioural abnormalities, facial dysmorphisms, microcephaly, epilepsy and skeletal anomalies. Methods By whole exome sequencing and array-CGH analysis, we identified three independ-ent MRD57 cases. Two were de novo, including a likely pathogenic variant (c.1652A>G; p.(Asp551Gly)) and a 39-kb deletion encompassing TLK2, and one was familial with three sib-lings who inherited a nonsense change from an affected mother (c.1423G>T; p.(Glu475Ter)). Using spatial proteomics (BioID) and single gel electrophoresis, we investigated the proximity interaction landscape of TLK2 and analysed the effects of our missense variant and of another de novo variant reported in the Autism Sequencing Consortium Database (c.1850C>T; p.(Ser617Leu)) on TLK2 interactions, localization and activity. Results Identified clinical phenotypes were in accordance with previously reported cases. Our molecular results demonstrated that TLK2 activity is strongly impaired by both missense mu-tations and we identified proximal interactions between TLK2 and other factors implicated in neurological disorders, including CHD7, CHD8, BRD4, NACC1 and others. Moreover, we demonstrated a more relaxed state of chromatin in lymphoblastoid cells harbouring the p.(Asp551Gly) variant compared to control cells, which confers susceptibility to DNA damage. Conclusion Our study identified novel TLK2-patients carrying pathogenic variants and pro-vides new insights into their potential role in intellectual disability.
2021-05-13 | PXD019450 | Pride
Project description:Intellectual disability (ID) is a clinically important disease and a most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. The etiology and pathogenesis of ID are poorly recognized. Exome sequencing revealed a homozygous missense mutation in the POLR3B gene in a consanguineous family with three Intellectual disability with craniofacal anomalies patients. POLR3B gene encoding the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase III. To explore how genetic variants alter cell expression in ID patients, RNA sequencing on blood samples was performed and to obtain insights into the biological pathways influenced by POLR3B mutation, we applied our RNA-Seq data to several gene ontology programs such as ToppGene, Enrichr, KEGG. We detected a significant decrease expression of several spliceosomal RNAs, ribosomal proteins and transcription factors in our ID patients. We hypothesize that POLR3B mutation dysregulates the expression of some important transcription factors, ribosomal and spliceosomal genes and impairments in protein synthesis and splicing mediated in part by transcription factors such as FOXC2, GATA1, .. contribute to impaired neuronal function and concurrence of intellectual disability and craniofacial anomalies in our patients. Our study highlights the emerging role of spliceosome and ribosomal proteins in intellectual disability.
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Project description:We implicated the X-chromosome THOC2 gene, which encodes largest subunit of the highly-conserved TREX (Transcription-Export) complex, in a clinically variable neurodevelopmental disorder with intellectual disability as the core phenotype. To study how compromised function of this essential eukaryotic gene leads to NDD outcomes, we generated a clinically-relevant mouse model based on a hypomorphic Thoc2 exon 37-38 deletion variant of a patient with ID, speech delay, hypotonia, and microcephaly. The Thoc2 exon 37-38 deletion male (Thoc2/Y) mice recapitulate the core phenotypes of THOC2 syndrome including smaller size and weight, and significant deficits in spatial learning, working memory and sensorimotor functions. The Thoc2/Y mouse brain development is significantly impacted by compromised THOC2/TREX function resulting in R-loop accumulation, DNA damage and consequent cell death. Overall, we suggest that perturbed R-loop homeostasis, in stem cells and/or differentiated cells in mice and the patient, and DNA damage-associated functional alterations are at the root of THOC2 syndrome.
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Project description:We identified a missense variant in PSMD12 gene, recently associated to an emerging syndromic form of NDD, in a patient with intellectual disability/speech delay, congenital anomalies and facial dysmorphisms. The variant described herein is useful to expand the molecular spectrum of heterozygous PSMD12 mutations and to provide insight into the molecular pathogenesis of this new condition since it is, to the best of our knowledge, the first missense substitution to date reported in medical literature. Finally, our patient is the one with the most detailed dysmorphic characterization and for this reason useful to start defining a typical facial gestalt that addresses the diagnosis.
2019-06-01 | E-MTAB-7977 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNA) associate with Argonaute proteins and negatively regulate gene expression by base pairing with complementary sequences in the 3’ UTRs of target genes. De novo coding variants in the human Argonaute gene AGO1 were reported to cause neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) with intellectual disability (ID). Most of the altered amino acids are conserved between the miRNA associated Argonautes in H. sapiens and C. elegans, suggesting that the human AGO1 mutations could disrupt evolutionarily conserved functions in miRNA biogenesis or target repression. We genetically modeled four human AGO1 mutations in C. elegans by introducing identical mutations into the C. elegans AGO1 homolog, ALG-1. These alg-1 NDD mutations caused phenotypes in C. elegans indicative of disrupted miRNA processing, miRISC formation, and/or target repression. We show that the alg-1 NDD mutations are antimorphic as they cause developmental and molecular phenotypes stronger than those exhibited by the alg-1 null mutants, likely by sequestrating functional miRNA silencing complex (miRISC) components into non-functional complexes that fail to confer robust gene repression. The alg-1 NDD mutations cause allele-specific disruptions in mature miRNA profiles, both in overall abundances and ALG-1 NDD association, accompanied by perturbation of downstream gene expression, including altered translational efficiency and/or mRNA abundance. The perturbed genes include those with human orthologs whose dysfunction is associated with NDD. These cross-clade genetic studies illuminate fundamental Argonaute functions and provide insights into the conservation of miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
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Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNA) associate with Argonaute proteins and negatively regulate gene expression by base pairing with complementary sequences in the 3’ UTRs of target genes. De novo coding variants in the human Argonaute gene AGO1 were reported to cause neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) with intellectual disability (ID). Most of the altered amino acids are conserved between the miRNA associated Argonautes in H. sapiens and C. elegans, suggesting that the human AGO1 mutations could disrupt evolutionarily conserved functions in miRNA biogenesis or target repression. We genetically modeled four human AGO1 mutations in C. elegans by introducing identical mutations into the C. elegans AGO1 homolog, ALG-1. These alg-1 NDD mutations caused phenotypes in C. elegans indicative of disrupted miRNA processing, miRISC formation, and/or target repression. We show that the alg-1 NDD mutations are antimorphic as they cause developmental and molecular phenotypes stronger than those exhibited by the alg-1 null mutants, likely by sequestrating functional miRNA silencing complex (miRISC) components into non-functional complexes that fail to confer robust gene repression. The alg-1 NDD mutations cause allele-specific disruptions in mature miRNA profiles, both in overall abundances and ALG-1 NDD association, accompanied by perturbation of downstream gene expression, including altered translational efficiency and/or mRNA abundance. The perturbed genes include those with human orthologs whose dysfunction is associated with NDD. These cross-clade genetic studies illuminate fundamental Argonaute functions and provide insights into the conservation of miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
2023-12-30 | GSE252064 | GEO
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNA) associate with Argonaute proteins and negatively regulate gene expression by base pairing with complementary sequences in the 3’ UTRs of target genes. De novo coding variants in the human Argonaute gene AGO1 were reported to cause neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) with intellectual disability (ID). Most of the altered amino acids are conserved between the miRNA associated Argonautes in H. sapiens and C. elegans, suggesting that the human AGO1 mutations could disrupt evolutionarily conserved functions in miRNA biogenesis or target repression. We genetically modeled four human AGO1 mutations in C. elegans by introducing identical mutations into the C. elegans AGO1 homolog, ALG-1. These alg-1 NDD mutations caused phenotypes in C. elegans indicative of disrupted miRNA processing, miRISC formation, and/or target repression. We show that the alg-1 NDD mutations are antimorphic as they cause developmental and molecular phenotypes stronger than those exhibited by the alg-1 null mutants, likely by sequestrating functional miRNA silencing complex (miRISC) components into non-functional complexes that fail to confer robust gene repression. The alg-1 NDD mutations cause allele-specific disruptions in mature miRNA profiles, both in overall abundances and ALG-1 NDD association, accompanied by perturbation of downstream gene expression, including altered translational efficiency and/or mRNA abundance. The perturbed genes include those with human orthologs whose dysfunction is associated with NDD. These cross-clade genetic studies illuminate fundamental Argonaute functions and provide insights into the conservation of miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
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Project description:Intellectual disability is a common condition that carries lifelong severe medical and developmental consequences. The causes of intellectual disability (ID) remain unknown for the majority of patients due to the extensive clinical and genetic heterogeneity of this disorder. De novo mutations may play an important role in ID as most individuals with ID present as isolated cases without family history and/or clear syndromic indication. In addition, the involvement of such mutations have recently been demonstrated in a small number of individuals with ID. Here we evaluate the diagnostic potential and role of de novo mutations in a cohort of 100 patients with ID of unknown cause using family-based exome sequencing. Single end short-read (50 bp) SOLiD 4 sequencing data for 300 individuals, constituting 100 patient-parent trios. For more details please read; http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1206524. Dataset is created by RUNMC (Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Center), partner of Geuvadis consortium (http://www.geuvadis.org).
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Project description:Neurodevelopmental disorders have a variety of aetiologies and most often these are complex genomic traits involving numerous mutations. Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are the most common neurodevelopmental disorders and are characterized by substantial impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning, with their genetic and molecular basis remaining largely unknown. Here, we identified biallelic variants in the gene encoding one of the Elongator complex subunits, ELP2, in patients with ID and ASD. Modelling the variants in mice recapitulated the patient features, with brain imaging and tractography analysis revealing microcephaly, loss of white matter tract integrity and an aberrant functional connectome. We show that the Elp2 mutations negatively impact the activity of the complex and its function in translation via tRNA modification. Further, we elucidate that the mutations perturb protein homeostasis by reducing expression of the genes that guide cell cycle and translation, and up-regulating protein degradation in neurons and oligodendroglia. This leads to impaired neurogenesis, myelin loss and neurodegeneration. Collectively, our data demonstrate an unexpected role for tRNA modification in the pathogenesis of monogenic ID and ASD and defines Elp2 as a key regulator of brain development.
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