Effect of Supplementing Linseed in the Transition Period on Mammary Gland Tissue of dairy Cows
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus
PROVIDER: GSE24200 | GEO | 2012/11/18
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA130175
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of linseed dietary supplementation on gene expression in the mammary gland of grazing dairy cows. Milk composition and gene expression in the mammary gland tissue were evaluated in dairy cows supplemented with linseed. The linseed supplementation improves the health and nutrition quality aspects of dairy milk, but also affects the gene networks expression signature associated with cellular growth and proliferation, cell-death, signalling, nutrient metabolism, and immune response, and in turn, the mammary gland integrity and health. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized blocked designed structure comprising 14 Holstein-Friesian cows (6 second parity, 2 third parity and 6 older cows), selected from a 550-cow herd. Cows were paired in 7 blocks on the basis of similarity in parity (second parity, third parity and older cows), expected date of calving, and milk performance in the previous lactation (in order of priority). Cows within each block were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups, “Omega” or “Control”. The dietary Omega treatment consisted of a basal diet supplemented with a concentrate-mixture including linseed on a dry matter (DM) basis, whereas cows in treatment group Control were supplemented with a concentrate mixture without linseed. Linseed was chosen because it is rich in c9,c12,c15-18:3 (ALA). Concentrate mixtures were fed with a concentrate dispenser. Experimental treatments started 3 weeks before the expected calving date (wk -3) and lasted until 6 weeks after calving (wk 6).
2012-11-18 | E-GEOD-24200 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of unprotected dietary unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) from different plant oils on gene expression in the mammary gland of grazing dairy cows. Milk composition and gene expression in the mammary gland tissue were evaluated in grazing dairy cows supplemented with different unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). The UFA supplementation improves the health and nutrition quality aspects of dairy milk, but also affects the gene networks expression signature associated with cellular growth and proliferation, cell-death, signalling, nutrient metabolism, and immune response, and in turn, the mammary gland integrity and health. A total of 28 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in mid-lactation were blocked according to parity (2.4 ± 0.63 years), days in milk (DIM; 153 ± 32.8 days), milk yield (25.7 ± 3.08 kg/d) and fat content (4.3 ± 0.12%). Cows were then randomly assigned to four UFA-sources based on rapeseed, soybean, linseed or a mixture of the three oils for 23 days (Period I) after which, all 28 cows were switched to a control diet for an additional 28 days (Period II). On the last day of both periods, mammary gland biopsies were taken to study genome-wide differences in lipid metabolism gene expression.
2011-02-01 | E-GEOD-20909 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of unprotected dietary unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) from different plant oils on gene expression in the mammary gland of grazing dairy cows. Milk composition and gene expression in the mammary gland tissue were evaluated in grazing dairy cows supplemented with different unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). The UFA supplementation improves the health and nutrition quality aspects of dairy milk, but also affects the gene networks expression signature associated with cellular growth and proliferation, cell-death, signalling, nutrient metabolism, and immune response, and in turn, the mammary gland integrity and health. SUBMITTER_CITATION: Mach, N., A. A. A. Jacobs, L. Kruijt, J. Van Baal, and M. A. Smits. 2011. Alteration of gene expression in mammary gland tissue of dairy cows in response to dietary unsaturated fatty acids. Animal.DOI:10.1017/S1751731111000103
2011-02-01 | GSE20909 | GEO
Project description:The aim of the present study was to correlate lipid metabolism genes in the mammary gland tissue affected by stage of lactation and nutrition to the resulting milk fatty acids composition in grazing dairy cows, and to classify milk fatty acid (FA) groups based on variations in lipid metabolism gene expression patterns. Identifying the relationship between lipid metabolism genes in the mammary gland tissue and the resulting milk fatty acid composition is expected to greatly contribute to our understanding of milk fatty acid metabolism and to enhance opportunities to improve milk fat composition through nutrition. In fact, SNCA, SCD5, and PNPLA2 lipid metabolism-related genes affected by unsaturated fatty acids supplementation, were found to strongly correlated to different milk FA groups, but also contributed most to the classification of these FA groups, suggesting a significant role in mediating the lipid metabolism in the mammary gland tissue and determining the milk fatty acids composition. A total of 28 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in mid-lactation were blocked according to parity (2.4 ± 0.63 years), days in milk (DIM; 153 ± 32.8 days), milk yield (25.7 ± 3.08 kg/d) and fat content (4.3 ± 0.12%). Cows were then randomly assigned to four UFA-sources based on rapeseed, soybean, linseed or a mixture of the three oils for 23 days (Period I) after which, all 28 cows were switched to a control diet for an additional 28 days (Period II). On the last day of both periods, mammary gland biopsies were taken to study genome-wide differences in lipid metabolism gene expression.
2011-01-01 | E-GEOD-20908 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of the present study was to correlate lipid metabolism genes in the mammary gland tissue affected by stage of lactation and nutrition to the resulting milk fatty acids composition in grazing dairy cows, and to classify milk fatty acid (FA) groups based on variations in lipid metabolism gene expression patterns. Identifying the relationship between lipid metabolism genes in the mammary gland tissue and the resulting milk fatty acid composition is expected to greatly contribute to our understanding of milk fatty acid metabolism and to enhance opportunities to improve milk fat composition through nutrition. In fact, SNCA, SCD5, and PNPLA2 lipid metabolism-related genes affected by unsaturated fatty acids supplementation, were found to strongly correlated to different milk FA groups, but also contributed most to the classification of these FA groups, suggesting a significant role in mediating the lipid metabolism in the mammary gland tissue and determining the milk fatty acids composition.
2011-01-01 | GSE20908 | GEO
Project description:Supplementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product modulates dairy cows health by reducing incidence and severity of mastitis, one of the most common and economically important diseases of the dairy industry. However, mechanisms remain unclear. We conducted a comprehensive molecular analysis, along with physiological data, on dairy cows supplemented for 45 days with NutriTek, a commercially available S. cerevisiae fermentation product, and then subjected to a mastitis challenge . NutriTek supplementation improved cow’s responses to a mastitis challenge by stimulating influx of immune cells to the mammary gland , enhancing their bactericidal capacity, and protecting mammary tissues from the side effect of an immune response allowing faster and more complete recovery from milk production drop
2020-12-01 | GSE149194 | GEO
Project description:The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the DGAT1 K232A polymorphism on the global mRNA expression pattern of genes in the mammary gland tissue of grazing dairy cows in order to get more insight into the effects of this polymorphism on the physiology of the mammary glandgland of grazing dairy cows. Microarray analysis was used to identify genes whose expression was affected by the DGAT1 polymorphism in the mammary gland biopsies of 9 A232A cows, 13 K232A cows, and 4 K232K cows. The Microarray Analysis of Variance (MAANOVA) and Factor Analysis for Multiple Testing method (FAMT) were used to associate the expression of the genes present on Affymettrix Bovine Genome Arrays with the DGAT1 polymorphism. The data was also analysed at the level of functional modules by gene set enrichment analysis. In this experimental setting, DGAT1 polymorphism did not modify milk yield and composition significantly, although changes occurred in the yields of C14:0, C16:1cis-9, and some long chain fatty acids in milk. The DGAT1 polymorphism resulted in 30 differentially expressed genes related to cell growth, proliferation and development, signalling, remodelling and immune system. At the functional level, the pathways most affected by DGAT1 polymorphism were related to lipid biosynthesis, which likely reflected counter mechanisms of mammary tissue to respond to changes in milk FA composition, signalling, as well as immune system responses.
2012-12-01 | GSE33720 | GEO
Project description:The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the DGAT1 K232A polymorphism on the global mRNA expression pattern of genes in the mammary gland tissue of grazing dairy cows in order to get more insight into the effects of this polymorphism on the physiology of the mammary glandgland of grazing dairy cows. Microarray analysis was used to identify genes whose expression was affected by the DGAT1 polymorphism in the mammary gland biopsies of 9 A232A cows, 13 K232A cows, and 4 K232K cows. The Microarray Analysis of Variance (MAANOVA) and Factor Analysis for Multiple Testing method (FAMT) were used to associate the expression of the genes present on Affymettrix Bovine Genome Arrays with the DGAT1 polymorphism. The data was also analysed at the level of functional modules by gene set enrichment analysis. In this experimental setting, DGAT1 polymorphism did not modify milk yield and composition significantly, although changes occurred in the yields of C14:0, C16:1cis-9, and some long chain fatty acids in milk. The DGAT1 polymorphism resulted in 30 differentially expressed genes related to cell growth, proliferation and development, signalling, remodelling and immune system. At the functional level, the pathways most affected by DGAT1 polymorphism were related to lipid biosynthesis, which likely reflected counter mechanisms of mammary tissue to respond to changes in milk FA composition, signalling, as well as immune system responses. A total of 28 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in mid-lactation (DIM; 153 M-BM-1 32.8 days), milk yield (25.7 M-BM-1 3.08 kg/d) and fat content (4.3 M-BM-1 0.12%) were used in the study. Two consecutive milk samples (a.m. and p.m. milking) were obtained and pooled. One aliquot was stored at 4M-BM-0C until analysis of fat, protein and lactose percentage, and another aliquot was frozen at -20M-BM-0C until analysis for FA composition by gas chromatography. Specific details regarding the analysis of FA in milk are presented in Mach et al. (2011). Approximately 750 to 1,000 mg of mammary tissue from each cow was obtained by surgical biopsy. One part of the tissue was used for isolation of DNA and the other for extraction of the RNA. Genotyping of the DGAT1 polymorphism was performed using a TaqMan allelic discrimination method in an Applied Biosystems 7500 Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems) as described by Schennink et al. (2007). The genotype at the DGAT1 locus was designated KK, KA, or AA for homozygous Lysine, heterozygous Lysine/Alanine, or homozygous Alanine, respectively. Microarray analysis was used to identify genes whose expression was affected by the DGAT1 polymorphism in the mammary gland biopsies of 11 A232A cows, 13 K232A cows, and 4 K232K cows. Total RNA from mammary gland tissue (50-100 mg) was isolated using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, Breda, The Netherlands), following the manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys instructions. The RNA purity and concentrations were determined using a NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer (Isogen, Maarssen, the Netherlands), and the RNA quality was assessed using the BioAnalyzer 2100 (Agilent Technologies, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). The RNA of each biopsy was amplified, biotin-labeled, and hybridized to single-dye Affymetrix GeneChipM-BM-. Bovine Genome Array (#900493) by ServiceXS (Leiden, the Netherlands)
2012-12-01 | E-GEOD-33720 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Effect of breed in mid lactation Holstein (H) and Montbéliarde (M) cows on mammary glande miRNA profile. Genetic polymorphisms are known to influence milk production and composition. However, genomic mechanisms involved in the genetic regulation of milk component synthesis are not completely understood. MicroRNAs (miRNA) regulate gene expression. The objective of the present study was to compare mammary gland miRNomes of two dairy cow breeds, Holstein and Montbéliarde, with different dairy performances. Milk, fat, protein, and lactose yields were lower in Montbéliarde than in Holstein cows. MiRNomes obtained using RNA-Seq technology from the mammary glands of Holstein (n = 5) and Montbéliarde (n = 6) lactating cows revealed 623 distinct expressed miRNAs, among which 596 were known and 27 were predicted miRNAs. The comparison of their abundance in the mammary gland of Holstein versus Montbéliarde cows showed 22 differentially expressed miRNAs (Padj ≤ 0.05). Among them, 11 presented a fold change ≥2, with 2 highly expressed miRNAs (miR-100 and miR-146b). Without taking into account the fold change, the differential miRNA with the highest abundance was miR-186, which is known to inhibit cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Data mining showed that the 17 differentially expressed miRNAs with more than 20 reads on average, regulate mammary gland plasticity and may be related to the observed differences in milk production between Holstein and Montbéliarde, which are two breeds with different mammogenic potential. Some of the 17 miRNAs could potentially target mRNAs involved in signaling pathways (such as mTOR) and in lipid metabolism, thereby suggesting that they could influence milk composition. In conclusion, we showed differences in mammary gland miRNomes of two dairy bovine breeds. These differences suggest a potential role of miRNAs in mammary gland plasticity and in milk component synthesis related to milk production and composition.
2019-05-12 | GSE131057 | GEO
Project description:Animal nutrition considerably affects milk composition that influences its nutritional quality. Milk component synthesis and secretion by the mammary gland involve the expression of a large number of genes whose nutritional regulation remains poorly defined. In this study, 14 lactating goats received 3 experimental diets: 1- the basal diet with hay prepared from regrowth of natural grassland pasture offered ad libitum and a concentrate mixture (CTRL, n = 5)), the basal diet with 530 g/d extruded linseed (EL, n = 4) or with a combination of 340 g/d extruded linseed and 39 g/d of fish oil (ELFO, n = 5). To investigate the pathways regulated by nutrition, we examined the effect of EL and ELFO diets compared with CRTL diet and the effect of EL diet compared to ELFO diet on the expression of approximately 8400 genes in caprine mammary gland using a bovine oligonucleotide microarray.
2016-04-29 | GSE68232 | GEO