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Core fucosylation of IL-15 receptor delineates homeostatic proliferation and apoptosis signalling required for natural killer cell development

ABSTRACT: Natural Killer (NK) cell development and effector function requires context-dependent signalling via numerous receptors including the IL-15 receptor. The modulation of receptor signalling can be regulated by the post-translational modifications affecting receptor turnover and trafficking. Core fucosylation is one such modification known to impact receptor expression and is uniquely mediated by fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8). To investigate core fucosylation in NK cell biology, we generated mice lacking FUT8 in NK cells (Fut8fl/flNcr1cre/+). Loss of core fucose resulted in pronounced NK lymphopenia in Fut8fl/flNcr1cre/+ mice associated with a reduction in IL-15 receptor expression and loss of in vivo proliferation. Inhibition of intrinsic apoptosis pathways could not overcome compromised IL-15 receptor signalling to rescue FUT8-null NK cell development delineating the contribution of proliferation to NK cell homeostasis. Surprisingly, loss of core fucose enhanced NK cell expansion following viral infection and this was associated with upregulation of IL-2Rα following pro-inflammatory cytokine exposure and enhanced IL-2-mediated proliferation. Lastly, loss of FUT8 activity impaired TGFBR2 expression and immunosuppressive effects of TGF-β on NK cells. Taken together, we have identified fucosyltransferase 8 as a key modulator of NK cell development and function by regulating IL-15 receptor responsiveness.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE243190 | GEO | 2024/01/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Most patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) fail to respond to anti-PD1/PDL1 immunotherapy, indicating the necessity to explore immune checkpoint targets. B7H3 is a highly glycosylated protein. However, the mechanisms of B7H3 glycosylation regulation and whether the sugar moiety contributes to immunosuppression remain elusive. Here, we identify aberrant B7H3 glycosylation and found N-glycosylation of B7H3 at NXT motif sites are responsible for its protein stability and immunosuppression in TNBC tumors. Mechanistically, fucosyltransferase FUT8 catalyzes B7H3 core fucosylation at N-glycans to maintain its high expression. Knockdown of FUT8 rescues glycosylated B7H3-mediated immunosuppressive function in TNBC cells. Abnormal B7H3 glycosylation mediated by FUT8 overexpression could be physiologically significant and clinically relevant in TNBC patients. Notably, combination of core fucosylation inhibitor 2F-Fuc and anti-PDL1 results in enhanced therapeutic efficacy in B7H3-positive TNBC tumors. These suggest targeting FUT8-B7H3 axis can be a promising strategy for improving anti-tumor immune responses in TNBC patients. To obtain the direct evidence that B7H3 is N-glycosylated in TNBC cells, we analysed the peptides of purified human B7H3 protein from B7H3-WT re-expressed and B7H3-8NQ re-expressed MDA-MB-231 cell lines by Nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem MS (nano LC-MS/MS). The result showed that there were eight N-glycosylation sites (Asn positions 91, 104, 189, 215, 309, 322, 407, and 433) in B7H3-WT cells, but not in B7H3-8NQ cells, as determined by Asn to Asp conversion after PNGase F treatment. As B7H3 contains a nearly exact tandem duplication of the IgV-IgC domain, there were four pairs of N-glycosylation sites identified through identical peptide sequence, including N91 and N309, N104 and N322, N189 and N407, and N215 and N433, in each of the IgV-IgC domains. Together, the results indicate that B7H3 is exclusively N-glycosylated at these four pairs of glycosylation sites in TNBC cells.

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Core fucosylation of IL-15 receptor delineates homeostatic proliferation and apoptosis signalling required for natural killer cell development

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