Transcriptomics of in vitro brain endothelial cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE244349 | GEO | 2024/02/06
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The heterogeneity of endothelial cells (ECs), lining blood vessels, across tissues remains incompletely inventoried. We constructed an atlas of >32,000 single-EC transcriptomic data from 11 tissues of the model organism Mus musculus. We propose a new classification of EC phenotypes based on transcriptome signatures and inferred putative biological features. We identified top-ranking markers for ECs from each tissue. ECs from different vascular beds (arteries, capillaries, veins, lymphatics) resembled each other across tissues, but only arterial, venous and lymphatic (not capillary) ECs shared markers, illustrating a greater heterogeneity of capillary ECs. We identified high-endothelial-venule and lacteal-like ECs in the intestines, and angiogenic ECs in healthy tissues. Metabolic transcriptomes of ECs differed amongst spleen, lung, liver, brain and testis, while being similar for kidney, heart, muscle and intestines. Within tissues, metabolic gene expression was heterogeneous amongst ECs from different vascular beds, altogether highlighting large EC heterogeneity.
2020-02-13 | E-MTAB-8077 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) dynamically controls and maintains a precisely balanced brain microenvironment necessary for reliable functioning. It is made up of highly specialized endothelial cells (ECs) in the lining of the vascular wall. These ECs are surrounded by the basal lamina, astrocytic perivascular endfeet, pericytes, microglia and neuronal processes that have been shown to contribute to barrier function1. In essence, the brain endothelium limits both transcellular and paracellular passage of cells and molecules into the central nervous system (CNS). Transcellular passage of hydrophilic molecules is limited due to a low rate of transcytotic vesicles, an extremely low pinocytotic activity, expression of active efflux transporters, and high metabolic activity. Paracellular diffusion of hydrophilic molecules and trafficking of immune cells is restricted by a network of tight junctions (TJs)2-5. Due to these characteristics, the BBB is able to protect the CNS from sudden changes in blood composition and uncontrolled influx of immune cells. In a large number of neuro-inflammatory diseases, an impaired function and an opening of the BBB are observed. In diseases of the CNS like multiple sclerosis or stroke or after brain trauma, the BBB becomes inflamed (mediated by for example reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hypoxia) and its function severely impaired which gives rise to enhanced cellular infiltration, thus contributing to tissue damage and neurological deficits. Due to the specialized nature of brain ECs, transmigration of leukocytes through cerebrovascular endothelium is likely to differ from that in other vascular beds. Generally, the transmigration process is closely controlled by the interaction of leukocytes with the endothelial surface followed by low velocity rolling, arrest, firm adhesion, and finally transmigration. For the diapedesis of immune cells across the cerebral vasculature a re-arrangement of the cytoskeleton and opening of the TJ complexes is required to allow cells to pass into the sub endothelial space. In the initial step of the adhesive cascade leukocytes adhere to the endothelium with low affinity. This adhesion is mediated by several members of the selectin family and their corresponding ligands. Despite the low affinity of these interactions, resulting contact of leukocytes with the endothelium leads to further activation of both cell types and finally transmigration of the leukocytes through the BBB6,7. The glycosylation of endothelial cells of different vascular bed origins To date it is unknown which specific carbohydrate structures on the BBB endothelium mediate leukocyte capture and rolling, and whether these structures are differentially expressed onto inflamed brain EC compared to normal brain ECs and vascular beds of other organs. Initial studies using qPCR and FACS analysis within our group reveal that brain endothelial cells have a different profile in their glycosylation-related genes compared to microvascular ECs upon inflammation, which may result in a different glycosylation profile of adhesive structures and may underlie rolling, adhesion and diapedesis of leukocytes. In this project we wish to identify specific, glycosylated structures on brain endothelial cells that mediate capture, rolling and diapedesis of leukocytes in the brain. To investigate the expression of glycosyltransferases in dendritic cells and the changes in expression associated with maturation. RNA preparations from stimulated and non-stimulated hcMEC/D3 (human brain endothelial cells line) and FMVEC (human promary microvascular endothelial cells isolated from foreskins) were sent to both Microarray Core (E) and Core(C). The RNA was put on an RNeasy Column, amplified, labeled, and hybridized to the Glycov3 microarrays. Data was sent to Dr. van Kooyk's lab for analysis.
2011-06-14 | E-GEOD-29932 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This experiment explored what miRNA differences and similarities exist between endothelial cells obtained from different vascular beds. Seven different endothelial cell (EC) types were grown in basal conditions. RNA was harvested when cells were nearly confluent. miRNAs were evaluated for each EC type in biological replicates.
2011-12-08 | E-GEOD-30512 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This experiment explored what miRNA differences and similarities exist between endothelial cells obtained from different vascular beds.
2011-12-08 | GSE30512 | GEO
Project description:Human APOE genotype is intricately involved in the homeostasis of the central nervous system, which is particularly evident from its association with neurodegenerative disease. Compared to APOE3, APOE4 is associated with greater cognitive decline in aging, poorer outcomes following stroke and traumatic brain injury, and is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Human APOE genotypes can differentially modulate neuronal function via both direct and indirect pathways. Of the indirect pathways, increasing evidence supports that APOE4-associated neurovascular dysfunction plays a significant role in neurodegeneration. For example, deficits in cerebral blood flow, neuronal-vascular coupling and blood-brain barrier integrity are observed with APOE4 both during aging and in Alzheimer’s disease patients; data that has been recapitulated in mouse models. Therefore, the identification of cellular mechanistic pathways that contribute to APOE-modulated vascular function is important for fundamental and disease-focused research. Highly specialized brain endothelial cells (BECs) are essential for virtually all neurovascular functions and, therefore, the influence of apoE on the cerebrovasculature likely involves alterations in brain endothelial cells function, directly or via supporting cells. ApoE synthesis has been demonstrated in multiple cell types in both the brain (e.g. astrocytes, pericytes and neurons) and periphery (e.g. hepatocytes and macrophages). Current research has largely focused on the effects of apoE produced by supporting cell types, particularly astrocytes and pericytes, on BEC function. However, less explored is whether BECs produce apoE to modulate their function. Data from limited studies on apoE production by BECs and APOE genotype-specific functional differences are conflicting. Evaluation of whether the APOE genotype of BECs modulates their function is important, as this could represent a novel mechanisms that contributes to altered cerebrovascular function in aging and AD. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of human APOE genotype in modulating the phenotype and/or function of brain endothelial cells in vitro. To this end, we utilized primary brain endothelial cells isolated from APOE-targeted replacement mice that express human APOE3 or APOE4 under the endogenous mouse APOE promoter. BECs are highly specialized and functionally complex to maintain homeostasis of the central nervous system and APOE genotype could theoretically alter levels of any number of molecules and associated functions. Thus, without a priori knowledge we initially evaluated the extent that APOE modulated the transcriptomic profile of brain endothelial cells.
2021-03-24 | GSE160483 | GEO
Project description:Angiogenesis, a process mediating the expansion of vascular beds in many physiological and pathological settings, requires dynamic changes in endothelial cell (EC) behavior. The molecular mechanisms governing EC activity during different phases of vascular growth, remodeling, maturation, and quiescence remain elusive. Here, we have employed actively translating transcriptome analysis of mouse retinal ECs for the characterization of dynamic gene expression changes during postnatal development and the identification of critical angiogenic factors.
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Project description:POWV isolate from Long Island (POWV-LI-9) is released basolaterally from humban brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs) and infects primary human brain vascular pericutes (hBVPs).
2021-06-08 | GSE176252 | GEO
Project description:POWV isolate from Long Island (POWV-LI-9) is released basolaterally from humban brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs) and infects primary human brain vascular pericutes (hBVPs).
2021-06-08 | GSE176251 | GEO
Project description:Diabetes (DM) increases cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease risk. However, the mechanism of DM-associated microvascular dysfunction and neuroinflammation remain unknown. We present a global assessment of endothelial cell-specific gene expression and integrated transcriptomics directly addressing hippocampal endothelium in diabetic mice, with the goal of determining the effect of DM in endothelial cell function and potential implications to vascular dementia. We observe for the first-time differential gene expression with strong signatures of cell signaling, activation of pathways for endothelial dysfunction, and neurodegeneration. Moreover, we identified that the integrated transcriptomic changes associate with blood brain barrier disruption by magnetic resonance imaging, and behavioral alterations, and correlate with the clinical gene profile of dementia patients, revealing opportunities for treatments with specificity for molecular pathology.
2024-01-22 | GSE241142 | GEO
Project description:The role of APOE genotype in modulating the transcriptomics profile of brain endothelial cells in vitro
| PRJNA673362 | ENA