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Molecular mechanisms for changing brain connectivity in mice and humans

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE244395 | GEO | 2023/10/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Molecular Mechanisms for Changing Brain Connectivity in Mice and Humans.

Project description:The goal of this study was to examine commonalities in the molecular basis of learning in mice and humans. In previous work we have demonstrated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus (HC) are involved in learning a two-choice visuospatial discrimination task. Here, we began by looking for candidate genes upregulated in mouse ACC and HC with learning. We then determined which of these were also upregulated in mouse blood. Finally, we used RT-PCR to compare candidate gene expression in mouse blood with that from humans following one of two forms of learning: a working memory task (network training) or meditation (a generalized training shown to change many networks). Two genes were upregulated in mice following learning: caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 6 (Card6) and inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (Impdh2). The Impdh2 gene product catalyzes the first committed step of guanine nucleotide synthesis and is tightly linked to cell proliferation. The Card6 gene product positively modulates signal transduction. In humans, Card6 was significantly upregulated, and Impdh2 trended toward upregulation with training. These genes have been shown to regulate pathways that influence nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a factor previously found to be related to enhanced synaptic function and learning.

| S-EPMC10648558 | biostudies-literature

Molecular mechanisms for changing brain connectivity in mice and humans (brain samples)

Project description:The goal of this study was to examine commonalities in the molecular basis of learning in mice and humans. In our previous work on mouse learning we suppressed activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus (HC) and found the stages for which each area was critical in performing a 2-choice visuospatial discrimination task. Our current study began by examining gene expression changes in mouse ACC and HC as a result of learning a new skill. Genes upregulated in both brain areas were used as candidates to examine commonalities between genes upregulated in mouse and human blood. We used microarrays to identify candidate genes and real-time PCR to compare the mouse results with two forms of human learning. One form involved training in a working memory task (network training), the other a generalized training shown to change many networks (meditation). We identified two genes that were upregulated in both mice and humans following training. We believe these genes act to regulate pathways that influence NF-κB, a factor previously found to be related to enhanced synaptic function and learning.

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Molecular mechanisms for changing brain connectivity in mice and humans

Project description:Molecular mechanisms for changing brain connectivity in mice and humans

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