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AtDEK2, a dual histone mark reader regulates plant immunity [ChIP-seq]

ABSTRACT: Arabidopsis DEK2, a nuclear protein involved in multiple chromatin-related processes, was found to be phosphorylated in response to flg22 treatment suggesting a role in plant immunity to bacterial pathogens. dek2 loss of function mutants were susceptible to bacterial as well as fungal pathogens. Transcriptome data of the dek2-1 mutant shows that AtDEK2 is a transcriptional repressor of defense related genes, hormone synthesis & signaling genes. ChIP-Seq analysis indicates that DEK2 binds to motifs of several families of transcription factors (TFs) and to class I TCP binding motif regions with the highest affinity. We determined that DEK2 is recruited to specific regions on the chromatin by transcription factors. Our data suggests that DEK2 is a reader of the dual histone mark, H3K4me3K27me3. Finally, based on our data we postulate a hypothetical working model for the function of DEK2 as a transcriptional repressor and targets regions with H3K4me3K27me3 marks.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE244560 | GEO | 2026/03/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:In this research a high-throughput RNA sequencing based transcriptome analysis technique (RNA-Seq) was used to evaluate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the wild type Arabidopsis seedling in response to flg22, a well-known microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMP), and AtPep1, a well-known peptide representing an endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP). The results of our study revealed that 1895 (1634 up-regulated and 261 down-regulated) and 2271 (1706 up-regulated and 565 down-regulated) significant differentially expressed genes in response to flg22 and AtPep1 treatment, respectively. Among significant DEGs, we observed that a number of hitherto overlooked genes have been found to be induced upon treatment with either flg22 or with AtPep1, indicating their possible involvement in innate immunity. Here, we characterized two of them, namely PP2-B13 and ACLP1. PP2-B13 contains an F-box domain and shows similarity to carbohydrate binding proteins. ACLP1 is a protein of unknown function with highest similarity to actin cross linking proteins and includes a fascin domain. Using qPCR, we verified that the genes encoding PP2-B13, and ACLP1 were highly induced upon treatment of leaf disks with flg22. We obtained T-DNA insertion mutants and generated homozygous mutant lines. None of the mutants showed a phenotype in the absence of infection. pp2-b13 and aclp1 mutants showed an increased susceptibility to infection by the virulent pathogen Pseudomomas syringae pv tomato mutant hrcC-, as evidenced by an increased growth of the pathogen in planta. Further we present evidence that aclp1 was deficient in ethylene production upon flg22 treatment, while pp2-b13, was deficient in ROS production. In conclusion, the products of these genes contribute to plant immunity against bacterial pathogens, although there is currently no clue for their mechanism of action. The results from this research provide new information to a better understanding of the immune system in Arabidopsis.

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AtDEK2, a dual histone mark reader regulates plant immunity [ChIP-seq]

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