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Maltose utilization by Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23

ABSTRACT: Commensal (symbiont) bacteria form communities in various regions of the bodies of vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis of gut communities is advanced, but the relationships, especially at the trophic level, between commensals that share gut habitats of monogastric animals have not been investigated to any extent. Lactobacillus reuteri strain 100-23 and Lactobacillus johnsonii strain 100-33 cohabit in the forestomach of mice. According to the niche exclusion principle, this should not be possible because both strains utilise the two main fermentable carbohydrates present in the stomach digesta: glucose and maltose. We show, based on gene transcription analysis, in vitro physiological assays, and in vivo experiments that the two strains can co-exist in the forestomach habitat because L. reuteri 100-23 transports maltose into its cells more efficiently than does L. johnsonii 100-33. Conversely, strain 100-33 transports glucose more efficiently than 100-23. As a result, 100-23 shows a preference for growth using maltose, whereas 100-33 prefers glucose. Mutation of the maltose phosphorylase gene (malA) of strain 100-23 prevented its growth on maltose-containing culture medium, and resulted in the numerical dominance of 100-33 in the forestomach. The fundamental niche of L. reuteri 100-23 in the mouse forestomach can be defined in terms of glucose and maltose fermentation. Its realised niche when L. johnsonii 100-33 is present is maltose fermentation. Hence nutritional adaptations provided niche differentiation that enabled cohabitation by the two strains through resource partitioning in the mouse forestomach. This real life, trophic phenomenon conforms to a mathematical model.

ORGANISM(S): Limosilactobacillus reuteri subsp. rodentium

PROVIDER: GSE24472 | GEO | 2010/12/11

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA132773

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Maltose utilization by Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23

Project description:Commensal (symbiont) bacteria form communities in various regions of the bodies of vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis of gut communities is advanced, but the relationships, especially at the trophic level, between commensals that share gut habitats of monogastric animals have not been investigated to any extent. Lactobacillus reuteri strain 100-23 and Lactobacillus johnsonii strain 100-33 cohabit in the forestomach of mice. According to the niche exclusion principle, this should not be possible because both strains utilise the two main fermentable carbohydrates present in the stomach digesta: glucose and maltose. We show, based on gene transcription analysis, in vitro physiological assays, and in vivo experiments that the two strains can co-exist in the forestomach habitat because L. reuteri 100-23 transports maltose into its cells more efficiently than does L. johnsonii 100-33. Conversely, strain 100-33 transports glucose more efficiently than 100-23. As a result, 100-23 shows a preference for growth using maltose, whereas 100-33 prefers glucose. Mutation of the maltose phosphorylase gene (malA) of strain 100-23 prevented its growth on maltose-containing culture medium, and resulted in the numerical dominance of 100-33 in the forestomach. The fundamental niche of L. reuteri 100-23 in the mouse forestomach can be defined in terms of glucose and maltose fermentation. Its realised niche when L. johnsonii 100-33 is present is maltose fermentation. Hence nutritional adaptations provided niche differentiation that enabled cohabitation by the two strains through resource partitioning in the mouse forestomach. This real life, trophic phenomenon conforms to a mathematical model. Analysis of the microarray data was obtained from two independent biological replicates. A dye swap was included in the analysis

2010-12-11 | E-GEOD-24472 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Limosilactobacillus reuteri subsp. rodentium

Project description:Maltose utilization by Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23

| PRJNA132773 | ENA

Inactivation of the Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23 ureC gene affects in vitro acid tolerance, and impairs ecological fitness in vivo

Project description:Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23 is an autochthonous inhabitant of the rodent gastrointestinal system that adheres to the non-secretory epithelium of the forestomach and forms biofilms. Microarray analysis of the expression profile of L. reuteri 100-23 cells harvested from the stomach of ex-Lactobacillus-free mice, compared to those of L. reuteri 100-23 in laboratory culture, revealed an in vivo upregulation of a urease gene cluster by greater than 50-fold. Genes for urease production were absent in all publically available Lactobacillus genome sequences except L. reuteri 100-23 and have recently been identified as specific to rodent strains of L. reuteri (Frese et al. 2011). In the current study, the urease enzyme was shown to be functional. Supplementation with 2% urea allowed L. reuteri 100-23 to increase the pH of the culture medium. A mutant strain of L. reuteri 100-23 was developed by insertional inactivation of the ureC gene, which encodes the largest subunit of the urease enzyme. The mutant strain was unable to hydrolyze urea to increase the pH of culture medium, and did not survive acid stress at pH 2.5 for 6 h, even in the presence of urea. In contrast, the wild type strain was still viable after 6 h when 2% urea supplementation was included. When mice free of lactobacilli were inoculated with a mixture of equal numbers of wild type L. reuteri 100-23 and ureC mutant cells, the wild type constituted 99% of the resulting Lactobacillus population in the stomach, caecum and jejunum after one week (108 cells/gram of sample). This study has therefore shown the importance of a functional urease enzyme in the ecological fitness of L. reuteri 100-23.

2012-09-30 | GSE36286 | GEO

Inactivation of the Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23 ureC gene affects in vitro acid tolerance, and impairs ecological fitness in vivo

2012-09-30 | E-GEOD-36286 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptional and metabolomic consequences of luxS inactivation reveal a metabolic rather than quorum sensing role for LuxS in Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23

Project description:Autoinducer-2 (AI-2)-mediated quorum sensing has been extensively studied in relation to the regulation of microbial behaviour. There are however two potential roles for the AI-2 synthase (LuxS). The first is in the production of AI-2 and the second is as an enzyme in the activated methyl cycle where it catalyses the conversion of S-ribosylhomocysteine to homocysteine. The by-product of the reaction catalysed by LuxS is (S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (DPD), which spontaneously forms the furanones known collectively as AI-2. The mammalian gastrointestinal tract contains a complex collection of bacterial species so a method of interspecies communication might influence community structure and function. Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23 is an autochthonous inhabitant of the rodent forestomach where it adheres to the non-secretory epithelium of the forestomach forming a biofilm. Microarray comparisons of gene expression profiles of the L. reuteri 100-23 wild type and a luxS mutant under different culture conditions revealed altered transcription of genes encoding proteins involved in cysteine biosynthesis, the oxidative stress response and cell wall proteins. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the luxS mutation affected cellular levels of fermentation products, fatty acids and amino acids. Cell density-dependent changes (log phase versus stationary phase growth) in gene transcription were not detected. Overall, the results indicated that AI-2 was unlikely to be involved in gene regulation in L. reuteri 100-23 in a classical quorum-sensing type manner.

2011-10-01 | GSE32520 | GEO

Transcriptional and metabolomic consequences of luxS inactivation reveal a metabolic rather than quorum sensing role for LuxS in Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23

2011-09-30 | E-GEOD-32520 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression analysis of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 grown on different carbohydrates

Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression levels in Clostridium acetobutylicum strain 824 grown individually on starch, galactose, lactose, mannose, fructose, glucose, arabinose, xylose, cellobiose, maltose, sucrose A 33 array study using total RNA recovered from three separate wild-type cultures of Clostridium acetobutylicum 824 grown on each of the following sugars: starch, galactose, lactose, mannose, fructose, glucose, arabinose, xylose, cellobiose, maltose, sucrose. RNA extraction, cDNA production, and labeling were performed independently on three separate cultures for each carbohydrate. Each independent sample was hybridized to one array equating to one technical replicate for each biological sample and three biological replicates for each condition tested. Each array contains 2 replicates of 9 probes approximately 60 bp in length for each of the 3,842 open reading frames annotated in the C. acetobutylicum 824 genome.

2010-05-15 | E-GEOD-18471 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Adapting the 10x Genomics Platform for single-cell RNA-seq in yeast reveals the importance of stochastic gene expression during the lag phase

Project description:Isogenic population of yeast cells was grown in a maltose-glucose-maltose media shift schema. Time point samples were taken throughout the experiment, and were analyzed for single-cell gene expression using 10x Genomics platform.

2020-02-06 | GSE144820 | GEO

Gene expression comparison of L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 grown in a glucose-based media and a sucrose-based media

Project description:Gene expression comparison of L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 grown (stationary phase) in a defined media with either glucose or sucrose as the carbon source, in anaerobic conditions at 37C. Includes 2 biological replicates and dye-swaps for each comparison. Reference time point is is L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 grown in a glucose-based media.

2012-06-11 | E-GEOD-32612 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Characterizition of a fast-growing Lactococcus lactis mutant on maltose

Project description:Trade-offs often occurs during experimental evolution. For example, the degeneration of growth in glucose was found in a galactose adapted yeast. Here, we isolated one Lactococcus lactis mutant using experimental on maltose. The mutant grows normally on glucose, but faster than the wild-type on maltose and galactose. DNA microarray analysis and whole genome re-sequencing were applied to disclose the crucial points that determine the phenotype.

2016-12-31 | GSE56042 | GEO

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