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Copper inhibits ATR and synergizes with PARP inhibitors (RNA-seq)

ABSTRACT: This study unveils copper targeting ATR signaling, synergizing with PARPi to suppress ovarian cancer.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE246085 | GEO | 2025/11/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Copper inhibits ATR and synergizes with PARP inhibitors (RNA-seq)

Project description:Copper inhibits ATR and synergizes with PARP inhibitors (RNA-seq)

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Copper inhibits ATR and synergizes with PARP inhibitors (DTP model RNA-seq and Ola-ATRi-EC cGAS-STING RNA-seq)

Project description:Copper inhibits ATR and synergizes with PARP inhibitors (DTP model RNA-seq and Ola-ATRi-EC cGAS-STING RNA-seq)

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Copper inhibits ATR and synergizes with PARP inhibitors (DTP model RNA-seq and Ola-ATRi-EC cGAS-STING RNA-seq)

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2025-11-28 | GSE246893 | GEO

Resistance to neoadjuvant talazoparib in triple-negative breast cancer mediated by BRN2-induced ATR/STAT3 pathways or Shieldin 2 subclone expansion

Project description:Intrinsic and acquired resistance to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) remains a major barrier in treating homologous recombination (HR) repair-deficient tumors, including those with germline or somatic BRCA1/2 mutations. Although PARPi are FDA approved for adjuvant treatment of locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer in patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations, emerging data support their use as monotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting. Promising safety profiles of newer-generation PARPi further support this potential. However, resistance mechanisms specific to the neoadjuvant setting are poorly understood. To address this gap, we leveraged resources from a phase II neoadjuvant clinical trial (NCT03499353), analyzing tumors from patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutant breast tumors before and after six months of talazoparib monotherapy. Whole-transcriptome analyses were performed on these samples. Additionally, we established orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models from a subset of the patient tumors and conducted whole-exome and whole-transcriptome analysis. This integrative approach revealed both known and novel PARPi resistance mechanisms. In one case, overexpression of BRN2, encoding a transcription factor that plays a critical role in neurogenesis, led to activation of ATR/RAD51 and STAT3 pathways, restoring homologous recombination (HR) repair. BRN2-driven resistance could be reversed with ATR and STAT3 inhibitors, resensitizing cells to talazoparib. In another, an HR repair proficient tumor subclone lacking Shieldin 2 expression expanded during treatment and accounted for intrinsic resistance. Our findings highlight the need to determine intrinsic and anticipate acquired resistance pathways in treatment-naïve tumors and support combining PARPi with targeted agents to improve outcomes in the neoadjuvant setting.

2026-03-24 | GSE298644 | GEO

Characterization of TNG348: a selective, allosteric USP1 inhibitor that synergizes with PARP inhibitors in tumors with DNA damage repair alterations

Project description:Inhibition of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP1 can induce synthetic lethality in tumors characterized by homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and represents a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of BRCA1/2 mutant cancers, potentially including patients whose tumors have primary or acquired resistance to PARP inhibitors (PARPi). Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of TNG348, an allosteric, selective, and reversible inhibitor of USP1 (USP1i). TNG348 induces dose-dependent accumulation of ubiquitinated protein substrates both in vitro and in vivo. CRISPR screens show that TNG348 exerts its anti-tumor effect by disrupting the translesion synthesis pathway of DNA damage tolerance through RAD18-dependent ub-PCNA induction. Though TNG348 and PARPi share the ability to selectively kill HRD tumor cells, CRISPR screens reveal that TNG348 and PARPi do so through discrete mechanisms. Particularly, knocking out PARP1 causes resistance to PARPi but sensitizes cells to TNG348 treatment. Consistent with these findings, combination of TNG348 with PARPi leads to synergistic anti-tumor effects in HRD tumors, resulting in tumor growth inhibition and regression in multiple mouse xenograft tumor models. Importantly, our data in human cancer models further show that the addition of TNG348 to PARPi treatment can overcome acquired PARPi resistance in vivo. While the clinical development of TNG348 has been discontinued due to unexpected liver toxicity in patients (NCT06065059), the present data provides preclinical and mechanistic support for the continued exploration of USP1 as a drug target for the treatment of patients with BRCA1/2 mutant or HRD cancers.

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Project description:Cyclin K-CDK12 inhibition has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to induce homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). However, clinical and genomic studies have not clearly linked CDK12 inactivation to HRD. Here, we demonstrate that cyclin K-CDK12 depletion drives a replication stress (RS)-associated vulnerability through RPA regulation. A DNA damage response-focused CRISPR screen identified DNA replication factors and ATR activators as top sensitizers to cyclin K degradation. Consistently, cyclin K-CDK12 depletion synergized with ATR inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models. Cyclin K degradation reduces RPA chromatin loading and impairs ATR activation, compromising cellular tolerance to RS and increasing susceptibility to ATR inhibition. We show that CDK12-mediated phosphorylation of CDC5L is required for RPA chromatin loading and mediates resistance to combined cyclin K and ATR depletion. Our findings identify cyclin K-CDK12 as a critical regulator of RPA dynamics and support its inhibition as rational therapy for RS-high tumors, including TNBC.

2026-04-26 | GSE328758 | GEO

ATR Inhibitor Synergizes PARP Inhibitor Cytotoxicity in Homologous Recombination Repair Deficiency TK6 Cell Lines.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9925244 | biostudies-literature

Transcription profiling of shoot apices from Arabidopsis wild type, teb, atr, and teb atr mutant plants

Project description:Global gene expression patterns were compared among wild-type Col-0, teb, atr, teb atr of A. thaliana using shoot apices.

2008-04-01 | E-MEXP-1329 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Targeting Cyclin K-CDK12 Synergizes with ATR Inhibition by Limiting RPA Chromatin Loading in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer [ChIP-seq]

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Disrupting mitochondrial copper distribution inhibits leukemic stem cell self-renewal

Project description:Leukemic stem cells (LSC) rely on oxidative metabolism and are differentially sensitive to targeting mitochondrial pathways, which spares normal hematopoietic cells. A subset of mitochondrial proteins are folded in the intermembrane space via the mitochondrial intermembrane assembly (MIA) pathway. We found increased mRNA expression of MIA pathway substrates in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of inhibiting this pathway in AML. Genetic and chemical inhibition of ALR reduces AML growth and viability, disrupts LSC self-renewal and induces their differentiation. ALR inhibition preferentially decreases its substrate COX17, a mitochondrial copper chaperone and knockdown of COX17 phenocopies ALR loss. Inhibiting ALR and COX17 increases mitochondrial copper levels which in turn inhibit S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase (SAHH) and lower levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), DNA methylation, and chromatin accessibility to lower LSC viability. These results provide insight into mechanisms through which mitochondrial copper controls epigenetic status and viability of LSCs.

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