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ETV4-Dependent Transcriptional Plasticity Maintains MYC Expression and Results in IMiD Resistance in Multiple Myeloma [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Immunomodulatory Drugs (IMiDs) are a backbone therapy for multiple myeloma (MM). Despite their efficacy, most patients develop resistance and the mechanism(s) are not fully defined. Here, we show that IMiD responses are directed by IMiD-dependent degradation of IKZF1 and IKZF3 that bind to enhancers necessary to sustain the expression of MYC and other myeloma oncogenes. IMiD treatment universally depleted chromatin-bound IKZF1, but eviction of P300 and BRD4 co-activators only occurred in IMiD-sensitive cells. IKZF1-bound enhancers overlapped other transcription factor-binding motifs, including ETV4. ChIP-seq showed that ETV4 bound to the same enhancers as IKZF1, and ETV4 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ablation resulted in sensitization of IMiD-resistant MM. ETV4 expression is associated with IMiD resistance in cell lines, poor prognosis in patients, and upregulated at relapse. These data indicate that ETV4 alleviates IKZF1 and IKZF3 dependency in MM by maintaining oncogenic enhancer activity and identify transcriptional plasticity as a previously unrecognized mechanism of IMiD resistance.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE246435 | GEO | 2023/10/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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ETV4-Dependent Transcriptional Plasticity Maintains MYC Expression and Results in IMiD Resistance in Multiple Myeloma [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Immunomodulatory Drugs (IMiDs) are a backbone therapy for multiple myeloma (MM). Despite their efficacy, most patients develop resistance and the mechanism(s) are not fully defined. Here, we show that IMiD responses are directed by IMiD-dependent degradation of IKZF1 and IKZF3 that bind to enhancers necessary to sustain the expression of MYC and other myeloma oncogenes. IMiD treatment universally depleted chromatin-bound IKZF1, but eviction of P300 and BRD4 co-activators only occurred in IMiD-sensitive cells. IKZF1-bound enhancers overlapped other transcription factor-binding motifs, including ETV4. ChIP-seq showed that ETV4 bound to the same enhancers as IKZF1, and ETV4 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ablation resulted in sensitization of IMiD-resistant MM. ETV4 expression is associated with IMiD resistance in cell lines, poor prognosis in patients, and upregulated at relapse. These data indicate that ETV4 alleviates IKZF1 and IKZF3 dependency in MM by maintaining oncogenic enhancer activity and identify transcriptional plasticity as a previously unrecognized mechanism of IMiD resistance.

2023-10-30 | GSE246429 | GEO

ETV4-Dependent Transcriptional Plasticity Maintains MYC Expression and Results in IMiD Resistance in Multiple Myeloma [ATAC-seq]

2023-10-30 | GSE246426 | GEO

RUNX proteins desensitize multiple myeloma to lenalidomide via protecting IKZFs from degradation

Project description:Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1 and 3 (IKZF1 and IKZF3) are transcription factors that promote multiple myeloma (MM) proliferation. The immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD) lenalidomide promotes myeloma cell death via Cereblon (CRBN)-dependent ubiquitylation and proteasome-dependent degradation of IKZF1 and IKZF3. Although IMiDs have been used as first-line drugs for MM, the overall survival of refractory MM patients remains poor and demands the identification of novel agents to potentiate the therapeutic effect of IMiDs. Using an unbiased screen based on mass spectrometry, we identified the Runt-related transcription factor 1 and 3 (RUNX1 and RUNX3) as interactors of IKZF1 and IKZF3. Interaction with RUNX1 and RUNX3 inhibits CRBN-dependent binding, ubiquitylation and degradation of IKZF1 and IKZF3 upon lenalidomide treatment. Inhibition of RUNXs, via genetic ablation or a small molecule (AI-10-104), results in sensitization of myeloma cell lines and primary tumors to lenalidomide. Thus, RUNX inhibition represents a valuable therapeutic opportunity to potentiate IMiDs therapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma.

2020-04-13 | GSE123660 | GEO

Transcriptional heterogeneity overcomes super-enhancer disrupting drug combinations in multiple myeloma [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy that is often driven by MYC and that is sustained by IRF4, which are upregulated by super-enhancers. IKZF1 and IKZF3 bind to super-enhancers and can be degraded using immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs). Successful IMiD responses downregulate MYC and IRF4; however, this fails in IMiD-resistant cells. MYC and IRF4 downregulation can also be achieved in IMiD-resistant tumors using inhibitors of BET and EP300 transcriptional coactivator proteins; however, in vivo these drugs have a narrow therapeutic window. By combining IMiDs with EP300 inhibition, we demonstrate greater downregulation of MYC and IRF4, synergistic killing of myeloma in vitro and in vivo, and an increased therapeutic window. Interestingly, this potent combination failed where MYC and IRF4 expression was maintained by high levels of the AP-1 factor BATF. Our results identify an effective drug combination and a previously unrecognized mechanism of IMiD resistance.

2023-09-25 | GSE244002 | GEO

Transcriptional heterogeneity overcomes super-enhancer disrupting drug combinations in multiple myeloma [RNA-seq]

2023-09-25 | GSE243990 | GEO

Transcriptional heterogeneity overcomes super-enhancer disrupting drug combinations in multiple myeloma [ATAC-seq]

2023-09-25 | GSE243978 | GEO

pSILAC mass spectrometry reveals ZFP91 as novel IMiD dependent substrate of the CRL4CRBN ligase - PART 1

Project description:Thalidomide and its derivatives lenalidomide and pomalidomide (IMiDs) are effective treatments of hematologic malignancies. It was shown that IMiDs impart gain of function properties to the CUL4-RBX1-DDB1-CRBN (CRL4CRBN) ubiquitin ligase that enable binding, ubiquitination and degradation of key therapeutic targets such as IKFZ1, IKZF3 and CSNK1A1. While these substrates have been implicated as efficacy targets in multiple myeloma (MM) and 5q deletion associated myelodysplastic syndrome (del(5q)-MDS), other targets likely exist. Using a pulse-chase SILAC mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach, here we demonstrate that lenalidomide induces the ubiquitination and degradation of ZFP91. We establish that ZFP91 is a bona fide IMiD dependent CRL4CRBN substrate and further show that ZFP91 harbors a zinc finger (ZnF) motif, related to the IKZF1/3 ZnF, critical for IMiD dependent CRBN binding. These findings demonstrate that single time point pulse-chase SILAC mass spectrometry-based proteomics (pSILAC-MS) is a sensitive approach for target identification of small molecules inducing selective protein degradation.

2017-05-29 | PXD005849 | Pride

pSILAC mass spectrometry reveals ZFP91 as novel IMiD dependent substrate of the CRL4CRBN ligase - PART 2

2017-05-29 | PXD005857 | Pride

pSILAC mass spectrometry reveals ZFP91 as novel IMiD dependent substrate of the CRL4CRBN ligase

Project description:Thalidomide and its derivatives lenalidomide and pomalidomide (IMiDs) are effective treatments of hematologic malignancies. It was shown that IMiDs impart gain of function properties to the CUL4-RBX1-DDB1-CRBN (CRL4CRBN) ubiquitin ligase that enable binding, ubiquitination and degradation of key therapeutic targets such as IKFZ1, IKZF3 and CSNK1A1. While these substrates have been implicated as efficacy targets in multiple myeloma (MM) and 5q deletion associated myelodysplastic syndrome (del(5q)-MDS), other targets likely exist. Using a pulse-chase SILAC mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach, we demonstrate that lenalidomide induces the ubiquitination and degradation of ZFP91. We establish that ZFP91 is a bona fide IMiD dependent CRL4CRBN substrate and further show that ZFP91 harbors a zinc finger (ZnF) motif, related to the IKZF1/3 ZnF, critical for IMiD dependent CRBN binding. These findings demonstrate that single time point pulse-chase SILAC mass spectrometry-based proteomics (pSILAC-MS) is a sensitive approach for target identification of small molecules inducing selective protein degradation.

2017-03-01 | GSE94728 | GEO

ZFP91 and IKZF1 Cooperatively Promote IMiD Resistance in T-Cell Lymphomas

Project description:The immunomodulatory (IMiD) agents, such as lenalidomide, are highly effective treatment for several B cell lymphomas but have poor efficacy in T cell lymphomas (TCLs). Here, we show that IKZF1 is a key drug target and vulnerability in lenalidomide sensitive TCL cells. However, TCLs are largely resistant and become less dependent on IKZF1. Instead, ZPF91 functions as a transcription factor (TF) and coregulates cell survival with IKZF1 in TCL cells that develop resistance to lenalidomide. Aberrant upregulation of CSNK2B, which leads to c-Jun inactivation, contributes to an enhanced TF activity of ZFP91 and suppresses immune activation triggered by lenalidomide. Although ZFP91 can be better targeted by pomalidomide compared to lenalidomide, an inefficient degradation of IKZF1 and ZFP91 widely exists among IMiD-resistance TCLs. A novel CELMoD agent CC-92480, with markedly increased potency and similar substrate selectivity, can overcome IMiD-resistance across multiple TCL subtypes by near complete degradation of IKZF1 and ZFP91.

2022-04-21 | GSE172505 | GEO

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