The cullin Rtt101 promotes ubiquitin-dependent DNA-Protein Crosslink repair across the cell cycle
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PROVIDER: GSE247492 | GEO | 2023/11/10
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Covalent DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC) are toxic DNA lesions that require repair by global-genome and replication-coupled pathways. How cells respond when RNA polymerases stall at DPCs during transcription is unknown. DPC-seq is new method for the genome-wide mapping of covalent DNA-protein adducts.
2024-02-24 | E-MTAB-12912 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs), arise from enzymatic intermediates, endogenous metabolism or exogenous chemicals like chemotherapeutics. DPCs are highly cytotoxic as they will impede DNA transacting processes such as replication, which is counteracted by proteolysis-mediated DPC removal by the protease SPRTN or the proteasome. However, how DPCs affect transcription and how transcription-blocking DPCs are repaired remains largely unknown. Here, we show that DPCs severely inhibit RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-mediated transcription, resulting in the recruitment of the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) factors CSA and CSB. Interestingly, CSA and CSB are indispensable for transcription-coupled DPC (TC-DPC) repair, while the downstream TC-NER factors UVSSA and XPA are not, indicative of a non-canonical TC-NER mechanism. TC-DPC repair functions independent of SPRTN, but is mediated by the activities of the ubiquitin ligase CRL4CSA and the proteasome. Thus, DPCs are preferentially repaired in genes by a dedicated transcription-coupled repair mechanism, which is crucial to warrant correct transcription.
2024-02-09 | PXD041679 | Pride
Project description:Compromised enzymatic actions, reactive metabolites, and various chemotherapeutics cause toxic covalent DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs). Failure to repair DPCs results in genomic instability, premature aging, and tumorigenesis. However, understanding the principles underlying DPC formation and repair has been hampered by a lack of methodologies to study DPCs in human cells. Here, we developed a technique for the Purification of x-linked Proteins (PxP), which allows identification and tracking of enzymatic and nonenzymatic DPCs. By combining PxP with quantitative proteomics, we investigated the nature of DPCs induced by formaldehyde.
2023-01-20 | PXD026654 | Pride
Project description:DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are toxic DNA lesions that interfere with DNA metabolic processes such as replication, transcription, and recombination. SPRTN is a replication-coupled DNA-dependent metalloprotease that degrades proteins crosslinked to DNA to promote DPC repair. SPRTN function is tightly regulated by a monoubiquitin switch that controls SPRTN chromatin accessibility during DPC repair. The deubiquitinase regulating SPRTN function in DPC repair is unknown. To identify SPRTN modifiers, we performed tandem-affinity purification and mass spectrometry (TAP-MS) analysis of SFB (S-FLAG-streptavidin binding peptide)-tagged SPRTN expressed in HEK 293T cells. We screened the MS list for proteins that are known to function as a deubiquitinase and identified only one potential SPRTN modifier, USP11 deubiquitinase. A reciprocal TAP-MS analysis of SFB-USP11 expressed in HEK 293T cells treated with camptothecin (CPT) immunoprecipitated SPRTN. USP11 interacts with SPRTN and cleaves monoubiquitinated SPRTN in cells and in vitro. USP11 depletion impaired SPRTN deubiquitination in response to formaldehyde-induced DPCs. Loss of USP11 causes an accumulation of unrepaired DPCs and cellular hypersensitivity to treatment with DPC-inducing agents. Our findings elucidates the function of USP11 in the regulation of SPRTN monoubiquitination and SPRTN-mediated DPC repair.
2021-04-01 | PXD019923 | Pride
Project description:DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are highly cytotoxic lesions that obstruct essential DNA transactions and whose resolution is critical for cell and organismal fitness. However, unlike the repair pathways for most types of DNA damage, the mechanisms by which cells respond to and overcome DPCs remain poorly understood. Recent studies unveiled a dedicated DPC repair pathway in higher eukaryotes involving the SprT-type metalloprotease SPRTN/DVC1, which proteolytically processes DPCs during DNA replication in a ubiquitin-controlled manner. Here, we show that aldehyde-generated DPCs elicit a potent and highly dynamic, cell cycle-independent SUMOylation response impacting numerous chromatin-associated human proteins. We identify an uncharacterized SprT metalloprotease, ACRC, which unlike SPRTN is targeted to DPCs in a SUMO-dependent manner. Moreover, we establish important physiological roles of the C. elegans ACRC orthologue GCNA-1 and SUMO-mediated signaling in promoting organismal survival upon DPC formation. Finally, we demonstrate that like aldehydes, defined enzymatic DNMT1 DPCs trigger a robust SUMO response targeting the crosslinked proteins and associated factors to promote efficient lesion processing and cellular fitness. Collectively, our findings reveal an evolutionarily conserved general role of SUMO-mediated signaling in facilitating responses to DPCs in metazoans.
2019-03-26 | PXD009040 | Pride
Project description:DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) obstruct essential DNA transactions, posing a serious threat to genome stability and functionality. DPCs are proteolytically processed in a ubiquitin- and DNA replication-dependent manner by SPRTN or the proteasome but can also be resolved via targeted SUMOylation. However, the mechanistic basis of SUMO-mediated DPC resolution and its interplay with replication-coupled DPC repair pathways remain unknown. Here, we show that the SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase RNF4 defines a major pathway for ubiquitylation and proteasomal clearance of SUMOylated DPCs in a DNA replication-independent manner. In addition, we provide evidence that a subset of DPCs can be SUMOylated and processed via transcription, independently of RNF4. SUMO modification of DPCs is mediated by PIAS4 and neither stimulates nor inhibits their rapid DNA replication-dependent proteolysis. Instead, SUMOylation provides a critical salvage mechanism to remove DPCs formed or persisting after replication, as we demonstrate that DPCs on duplex DNA do not activate interphase DNA damage checkpoints. Consequently, in the absence of the SUMO-RNF4 pathway cells can enter mitosis with a high load of unresolved DPCs, leading to defective chromosome segregation and cell death. Collectively, these findings provide mechanistic insights into SUMO-driven pathways underlying replication-independent DPC resolution and highlight their critical importance in maintaining chromosome stability and cellular fitness.
2021-08-06 | PXD021947 | Pride
Project description:Transcriptional Regulation by Cullin Ubiquitin Ligases
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Project description:Cytotoxicity of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) is ascribed largely to their ability to block the progression of DNA replication fork. DPCs are frequently occurring in cells, either as a consequence of metabolism or exogenous agents. The mechanism of DPCs removal is not completely understood. Here, we characterize SPRTN (DVC1) as specialised DNA-dependent metalloprotease for DPC removal in humans. SPRTN has an N-terminal metalloprotease domain that cleaves various DNA binding substrate during S-phase progression. SPRTN is a part of replisome and removes DPCs during DNA replication fork progression, thus protecting proliferative cells from DPCs toxicity. Ruijs-Aalfs Syndrome (RJALS) patient cells with monogenic mutations in SPRTN are hypersensitive to DPC-inducing agents due to DPC removal defect and DNA replication fork stalling. We propose a model where SPRTN protease forms specialised DNA-replication coupled DPC removal pathway essential for DNA replication fork progression and genome stability. We conclude RJALS is the first human syndrome linked to this pathway
2017-03-29 | MSV000080743 | MassIVE
Project description:Naturally occurring and drug-induced DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) interfere with key DNA transactions if not timely repaired. The unique family of DPC-specific proteases Wss1/SPRTN targets DPC protein moieties for degradation, including topoisomerase-1 trapped in covalent crosslinks (Top1ccs). Here we describe that the efficient DPC disassembly requires Ddi1, another conserved predicted protease in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found Ddi1 in a genetic screen of the tdp1wss1 mutant defective in Top1cc processing. Ddi1 is recruited to a persistent Top1cc-like DPC lesion in an S-phase dependent manner to assist eviction of crosslinked protein from DNA. Loss of Ddi1 or its putative protease activity hypersensitize cells to DPC trapping agents independently from Wss1 and 26S proteasome, implying its broader role in DPC repair. Among potential Ddi1 targets we found the core component of RNAP II and show that its genotoxin-induced degradation is impaired in ddi1. Together, we propose that the Ddi1 protease contributes to DPC proteolysis. Yeast strains with WSS1 and DDI1 deletions were compared when either complemented with DDI1-WT or ddi1-D220A after hydroxyurea treatment by SILAC MS.
2019-11-22 | PXD016376 | Pride
Project description:Cytotoxicity of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) is ascribed largely to their ability to block the progression of DNA replication fork. DPCs are frequently occurring in cells, either as a consequence of metabolism or exogenous agents. The mechanism of DPCs removal is not completely understood. Here, we characterize SPRTN (DVC1) as specialised DNA-dependent metalloprotease for DPC removal in humans. SPRTN has an N-terminal metalloprotease domain that cleaves various DNA binding substrate during S-phase progression. SPRTN is a part of replisome and removes DPCs during DNA replication fork progression, thus protecting proliferative cells from DPCs toxicity. Ruijs-Aalfs Syndrome (RJALS) patient cells with monogenic mutations in SPRTN are hypersensitive to DPC-inducing agents due to DPC removal defect and DNA replication fork stalling. We propose a model where SPRTN protease forms specialised DNA-replication coupled DPC removal pathway essential for DNA replication fork progression and genome stability. We conclude RJALS is the first human syndrome linked to this pathway
2016-10-06 | PXD004154 | Pride