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Fluorinated rhodacyanines induce apoptosis via mitochondrial damage and cell cycle arrest

ABSTRACT: Rhodacyanine, a series of cyanines derived from rhodanine, exerts anticancer effects. This study intended to uncover the biological mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of a a fluorinated rhodacyanine in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Initially, the cytotoxic activities of 15 compounds were screened, Rho-7 exhibited the most effective compound against Hela cell growth with IC50 values at 0.03 µM. Interestingly, Rho-7-targeted mitochondrial damage leads to cancer cell death by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Additionally, Rho-7 can trigger Hela cells to undergo apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Rho-7 could downregulate the expression of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 genes or upregulate the level of pro-apoptotic Bad and Bik genes. Our findings suggest that the anticancer activity of Rho-7 involve ROS generation, cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction, as well as alteration of pro-and anti-apoptotic genes, displaying a therapeutic potential of Rho-7 in cervical cancer treatment.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE251969 | GEO | 2024/01/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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HDAC inhibitors in synovial sarcoma cells

Project description:Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has been shown in previous studies to disrupt the synovial sarcoma oncoprotein complex, resulting in apoptosis. To understand the molecular effects of HDAC inhibition, RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis was undertaken in six human synovial sarcoma cell lines. HDAC inhibition induced pathways of cell cycle arrest, neuronal differentiation and response to oxygen-containing species, effects also observed in other cancers treated with this class of drugs. More specific to synovial sarcoma, polycomb-group targets were reactivated including tumor suppressor CDKN2A, and pro-apoptotic transcriptional patterns were induced. Functional analyses revealed that ROS-mediated FOXO activation and pro-apoptotic factors BIK, BIM and BMF were important to apoptosis induction following HDAC-inhibition in synovial sarcoma

| EGAS00001002637 | EGA

Gene expression data from parental HeLa and Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) knockout HeLa cells after Cisplatin treatment

Project description:Infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause for the development of cervical cancer, which is mainly driven by the expression of the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins. We uncovered that the concentration levels of the putative tumor suppressor Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) are restricted in cervical cancer cells by HPV E6 expression due to the E6-mediated proteolytic degradation of p53, which is a transcriptional regulator of Dkk1. Moreover, we found that Dkk1 is critically involved in the pro-apoptotic Cisplatin response of these cells, as Dkk1 repression was associated with an increased resistance towards the chemotherapeutic compound. This could be of high relevance for cervical cancer treatments, which usually involve Cisplatin for standard care. Although Dkk1 is a major antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling, the differential response towards Cisplatin observed in Dkk1-depleted cells was not associated to an activation of this pathway. To elucidate alternative underlying mechanisms, we performed Affymetrix Gene Expression analyses comparing the transcriptome of Cisplatin-treated parental HeLa to CRISPR/Cas9-generated Dkk1 knockout (KO) HeLa cells. These revealed that Dkk1 depletion is linked to an impairment of the pro-apoptotic JNK/AP-1 pathway in cervical cancer cells, suggesting that Dkk1 drives Cisplatin-mediated apoptosis via activation of this signaling hub.

2022-08-16 | GSE200748 | GEO

Identification of genes involved in the cell growth arrest by knockout of BAG3 in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells

Project description:BAG3 (BCL2-associated athanogene 3) is a member of the BAG protein family. BAG3 affects a wide variety of cellular events including cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy. Recently our data demonstrated that knockout (KO) of BAG3 induces the cell growth arrest in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. In the present study, to identify genes involved in the cell growth arrest by BAG3-KO in HeLa cells, global-scale gene expression analysis was carried out using a GeneChip® system.

2017-09-06 | GSE103475 | GEO

miR-125b controls mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics by targeting BIK and MTP18

Project description:Abnormal mitochondria metabolism and innate immune responses participate in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory disorders. The molecular events regulating mitochondrial activity to control survival and cell death in monocytes/macrophages are poorly understood. Here we show that miR-125b attenuates the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain through BIK silencing, and promotes the elongation of mitochondrial network through MTP18 targeting, without impacting autophagy, in the human monocytes. Proinflammatory activation is associated with a concomitant increase in miR-125b expression, decrease in BIK and MTP-18 expression, reduced oxidative phosphorylation, and enhanced mitochondrial fusion. Furthermore, expression of M1-associated transcripts as well as mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism are induced upon ectopic expression of miR-125b. In turn, by repressing miR-125b, mitochondrial dynamics was preserved, LPS-induced repression of BIK expression and of mitochondrial respiration were prevented, and M1 polarization of macrophages was inhibited. Altogether, our data reveal a novel role for miR-125b in controlling mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics by targeting BIK and MTP18, respectively, two novel cellular target proteins involved in maintaining the mitochondrial integrity in human monocytes. These findings not only suggest a novel function for miR-125b in regulating metabolic adaptation of monocytes to inflammation but also unravel new molecular mechanisms for its pro-apoptotic role and identify potential targets for interfering with inflammatory activation of monocytes.

2016-10-06 | GSE62693 | GEO

miRNA expression profiles of HeLa-Cas9 and NCI-N87 cells

Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and are often dysregulated in disease. The recent development of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system, composed of the Cas9 nuclease in complex with a single guide RNA (sgRNA), allows researchers to direct DNA cleavage at a predetermined site and to conduct genome-scale knockout screens. To determine the functional role of miRNAs in cancer, we designed and constructed a library of 7,382 sgRNAs to target 85% of the 1,881 annotated human miRNA stem-loops. We then examined the role of miRNAs in HeLa cell fitness by monitoring the change in frequency of each sgRNA over time. We identified 44 pro-proliferative miRNAs from two replicate experiments, including miR-31, a known cervical cancer overexpressing miRNA that enhances HeLa cell proliferation. We also examined the role of miRNAs in NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells and identified 10 pro-fitness and 10 anti-fitness miRNAs. In both screens, many of the pro-fitness miRNAs identified are overexpressed in tumors cervical tumors for HeLa or gastric tumors for NCI-N87. In summary, we present a CRISPR miRNA-targeted screen which was able to identify both known and novel fitness-associated miRNAs in the HeLa and NCI-N87 cell lines.

2018-06-21 | GSE110784 | GEO

Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of Nothapodytes nimmoniana (J. Graham) extracts treatment on HeLa cells

Project description:Nothapodytes nimmoniana is a natural source of camptothecin, a known anticancer drug. Stem and leaf extracts of Nothapodytes nimmoniana were studied to assess its in-vitro action on cancer progression events in a cervical cancer cell line, the HeLa. As a well-studied ideal model system, the HeLa has been chosen and the effects of extracts on cancer progression events have been traced out. HeLa cells and media samples were analyzed for differentially expressed proteins and metabolites respectively on RRLC-ESI-QTOFMS. The CBFA2T1, cysteine-rich protein 2-binding protein, Zinc finger protein 788, transcription factor RFX3 and angiomotin-like protein 1 were significantly expressed proteins while 3-Hydroxysuberic acid, Indole-3-carboxylic acid, N8-Acetylspermidine, L-Octanoylcarnitine were significantly expressed metabolites. Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and valine, leucine, arginine, proline metabolism were the most prominent pathways. The multi-omics approach has the greatest metabolites and proteins profiling potential hence was applied here to find signatures of N. nimmoniana extracts treatment of cervical cancer.

2020-04-07 | PXD017375 | Pride

Gene expression changes in cervical motor neuron transcriptomes after loss of Hox5 transcription factors

Project description:The goal of this study was to identify potential Hox5 target genes in cervical motor neurons (C3-C6) using unbiased genomic screens (RNA-seq). We examined expression changes independently of motor neuron cell death by deleting the pro-apoptotic gene Bax in both control and experimental mice.

2020-01-16 | GSE138085 | GEO

Necrocide 1 Mediates Necrotic Cell Death and Immunogenic Response in Human Cancer Cells

Project description:Many anticancer agents induce apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe or cellular senescence. Here, we report the functional characterization of an experimental inducer of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-independent necrosis, necrocide-1 (NC1). NC1 (but not its stereoisomer) killed a panel of human cancer cells (but not normal cells) at nanomolar concentrations and with a non-apoptotic, necrotic morphotype, both in vitro and in vivo. NC1-induced killing was not inhibited by caspase blockers, anti-apoptotic BCL2 overexpression or TNFα neutralization, suggesting that NC1 elicits a bona fide necrotic pathway. However, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis failed to block NC1-mediated cell death. Instead, NC1 elicited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by mitochondria, and elimination of mitochondrial DNA, quenching of mitochondrial ROS, as well as blockade of mitochondrial permeability transition with cyclosporine A, interfered with NC1-induced cell death. NC1 induced hallmarks of immunogenic cell death incurring calreticulin (CALR) exposure, ATP secretion and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release. Taken together, these data identify a previously uncharacterized signaling cascade leading to an immunogenic variant of mitochondrion-regulated necrosis, supporting the notion that eliciting regulated necrosis may constitute a valid approach for anticancer therapy.

2023-05-01 | GSE226801 | GEO

Transcription profiling of human HPV-immortalized keratinocytes

Project description:To identify early processes in carcinogenesis, we used an in vitro model, based on the initiating event in cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) transformation of keratinocytes. We compared gene expression in primary keratinocytes (K) and HPV16-transformed keratinocytes from early (E) and late (L) passages, and from benzo[a]pyrene treated L cells (BP). The transformed cells exhibit similar transcriptional changes to clinical cervical carcinoma. We revealed a contraction in expression of the apoptotic network during HF1 cell transformation, which affected the ability of L and BP cells to execute apoptosis, but did not lead to resistance to apoptotic stimuli. The contraction in the apoptotic machinery during the process of transformation was accompanied by a switch from apoptosis to necrosis in response to CDDP. The shrinkage of the pro- and anti-apoptotic networks appears to be part of a general contraction in the number of genes transcribed in L and BP cells. We also identified a large group of genes with induced expression, which are involved in cell metabolism and cell cycle, suggesting increased investment of the transformed cell in cellular proliferation. We hypothesize that the decrease in expression of many diverse pathways, including the pro- and anti-apoptotic networks, cuts the energy requirements for cell maintenance, allowing energy to be diverted towards rapid cell proliferation. This study supports the hypothesis that the process of cancer transformation may be accompanied by a shift from apoptosis to necrosis. Experiment Overall Design: We isolated mRNA from three independent cultures each of Keratinocytes and HPV16-immortalized keratinocytes : E, L and BP cells, grown under basal conditions. cDNA was prepared and hybridized to the Human Genome U133A Array (Affymetrix).

2009-05-02 | E-GEOD-15156 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RNA-seq analysis of HeLa cells overexpressing histone methyltransferase KMT2B

Project description:KMT2B，a major H3K4 tri-methyltransferase, contributes to the development of various cancers. However, its role in cervical cancer is unclear. We found that KMT2B is upregulated in cervical cancer tissues, which is significantly associated with poor prognosis.To investigate the underlying mechanism of KMT2B in the progression of cervical cancer, we established stable KMT2B-overexpression HeLa cells.Then we compared the whole genome mRNA expression profile of KMT2B overexpression and control HeLa cells using RNA-seq.

2022-08-03 | GSE209928 | GEO

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