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KMT9 reprograms the tumour immune microenvironment in prostate cancer [RNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Prostate carcinoma is the most common malignancy in males and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western countries. Loss of the tumour suppressor PTEN, encoded by one of the most frequently deleted genes in human prostate cancer, is associated with a highly immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME). In consequence, immunotherapies targeting prostate cancer typically show low clinical efficacy. The immunosuppressive TME state is mediated in part by various cytokines and chemokines resulting in infiltration of heterogeneously differentiated myeloid cells including polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs). Here we show that the methyltransferase KMT9 regulates expression of immunosuppressive proteins such as PD-L1 and myeloid-attracting CXCR2 ligands in prostate tumours of Pten/Trp53 knockout (KO) mice. Accordingly, KMT9 ablation in Pten/Trp53 KO tumours results in chemokine downregulation and TME remodelling towards an immunoresponsive state characterised by an altered composition and spatial distribution of PMN-MDSCs and other immune cell populations. Importantly, combining KMT9 deficiency with CXCR2 inhibition blocks myeloid cell recruitment resulting in prostate tumour regression and extended mouse survival. Together, our findings uncover KMT9 as a TME regulator and pave the way for the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of prostate cancer.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE252976 | GEO | 2026/09/23

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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