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Transcriptome of Malassezia globosa in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

ABSTRACT: The human gut is inhabited by a complex ecosystem of microorganisms, encompassing bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi. Recent research has illuminated the significance of the gut fungal microbiota (mycobiota) in shaping host immunity and influencing the onset and progression of various human diseases. While most investigations into gut microbiota have centered on bacteria, accumulating evidence has underscored the role of mycobiota in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). In this study, we present the isolation of the live Malassezia globosa strains from the intestinal mucosa of UC patients for the first time. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and virulence of this fungus. Malassezia, primarily known to inhabit human skin, prompted us to compare the genomes, transcriptomes, and virulence of M. globosa gut isolates with those of M. globosa strains isolated from the skin. This comparative analysis aimed to discern potential niche-specific adaptations of the fungus. Our findings reveal a striking disparity in the pathogenicity of M. globosa isolated from the gut compared to its skin counterpart. In a mouse model, gut-isolated M. globosa exhibited a more pronounced exacerbation of DSS-induced colitis and elevated production of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, transcriptome analysis indicated that gut isolates of M. globosa display heightened sensitivity to normoxia compared to their skin-isolated counterparts, suggesting adaptation to the hypoxic conditions prevalent in the intestinal mucosal environment

ORGANISM(S): Malassezia globosa

PROVIDER: GSE254809 | GEO | 2024/02/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background and aims. The etiopathology of inflammatory bowel diseases is still poorly understood. To date, only few little data are available on the microbiota composition in ulcerative colitis (UC), representing a major subform of inflammatory bowel diseases. Currently, one of the main challenges is to unravel the interactions between genetics and environmental factors in the onset or during the progression and maintenance of the disease. The aim of the present study was to analyse twin pairs discordant for UC for both gut microbiota dysbiosis and host expression profiles at a mucosal level and to get insight into the functional genomic crosstalk between microbiota and mucosal epithelium in vivo. Methods. Biopsies were sampled from the sigmoid colon of both healthy and diseased siblings from UC discordant twin pairs but also from healthy twins. Microbiota profiles were assessed by 16S rDNA libraries while mRNA expression profiles were analysed from the same volunteers using Affymetrix microarrays. Results. UC patients showed a dysbiotic microbiota with lower diversity and more species belonging to Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria phyla. On the contrary, their healthy siblingsM-bM-^@M-^Y microbiota contained more bacteria from the Lachnospiracea and Ruminococcaceae family than did healthy individuals . Sixty-three host transcripts significantly correlated with bacterial genera in healthy individuals whereas only 43 and 32 correlated with bacteria in healthy and UC siblings from discordant pairs, respectively. Several transcripts related to oxidative and immune responses were differentially expressed between unaffected and UC siblings. Conclusion. A loss of crosstalk between gut microbiota and host was highlighted in UC patients. This defect was also striking in healthy siblings from discordant pairs, as was the lower biodiversity within the microbiota. Our results suggest disease-relevant interactions between host transcriptome and microbiota. Moreover, unusual aerobic bacteria were noticed in UC mucosal microbiota, whereas healthy siblings from discordant pairs had higher percentages of potentially beneficialusual commensal bacterial species. Paired samples (twins) were analyzed to obtain data independent of genetic variation

Project description:Background and aims. The etiopathology of inflammatory bowel diseases is still poorly understood. To date, only few little data are available on the microbiota composition in ulcerative colitis (UC), representing a major subform of inflammatory bowel diseases. Currently, one of the main challenges is to unravel the interactions between genetics and environmental factors in the onset or during the progression and maintenance of the disease. The aim of the present study was to analyse twin pairs discordant for UC for both gut microbiota dysbiosis and host expression profiles at a mucosal level and to get insight into the functional genomic crosstalk between microbiota and mucosal epithelium in vivo. Methods. Biopsies were sampled from the sigmoid colon of both healthy and diseased siblings from UC discordant twin pairs but also from healthy twins. Microbiota profiles were assessed by 16S rDNA libraries while mRNA expression profiles were analysed from the same volunteers using Affymetrix microarrays. Results. UC patients showed a dysbiotic microbiota with lower diversity and more species belonging to Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria phyla. On the contrary, their healthy siblings’ microbiota contained more bacteria from the Lachnospiracea and Ruminococcaceae family than did healthy individuals . Sixty-three host transcripts significantly correlated with bacterial genera in healthy individuals whereas only 43 and 32 correlated with bacteria in healthy and UC siblings from discordant pairs, respectively. Several transcripts related to oxidative and immune responses were differentially expressed between unaffected and UC siblings. Conclusion. A loss of crosstalk between gut microbiota and host was highlighted in UC patients. This defect was also striking in healthy siblings from discordant pairs, as was the lower biodiversity within the microbiota. Our results suggest disease-relevant interactions between host transcriptome and microbiota. Moreover, unusual aerobic bacteria were noticed in UC mucosal microbiota, whereas healthy siblings from discordant pairs had higher percentages of potentially beneficialusual commensal bacterial species.

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Transcriptome of Malassezia globosa in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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