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Depolymerization of plant cell wall glycans by symbiotic human gut bacteria

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Bacteroides ovatus Bacteroides sp. WH2 Dorea longicatena DSM 13814 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 8483 Blautia obeum ATCC 29174 Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 Collinsella aerofaciens ATCC 25986 Phocaeicola vulgatus ATCC 8482 Phocaeicola vulgatus [Ruminococcus] torques ATCC 27756 [Clostridium] scindens ATCC 35704 Parabacteroides distasonis ATCC 8503 Agathobacter rectalis ATCC 33656 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Lachnospira eligens Thomasclavelia spiroformis DSM 1552 Agathobacter rectalis Bacteroides uniformis ATCC 8492 Faecalibacterium prausnitzii M21/2 Methanobrevibacter smithii Parabacteroides distasonis

PROVIDER: GSE25576 | GEO | 2011/05/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA133887

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Depolymerization of plant cell wall glycans by symbiotic human gut bacteria

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE25572: Depolymerization of plant cell wall glycans by symbiotic human gut bacteria (Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron) GSE25575: Depolymerization of plant cell wall glycans by symbiotic human gut bacteria (Bacteroides ovatus) Refer to individual Series

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Depolymerization of plant cell wall glycans by symbiotic human gut bacteria (Bacteroides ovatus)

Project description:Symbiotic bacteria inhabiting the distal human gut have evolved under intense pressure to utilize complex carbohydrates, predominantly plant cell wall glycans abundant in our diets. These substrates are recalcitrant to depolymerization by digestive enzymes encoded in the human genome, but are efficiently targeted by some of the ~103-104 bacterial species that inhabit this niche. These species augment our comparatively narrow carbohydrate digestive capacity by unlocking otherwise unusable sugars and fermenting them into host-absorbable forms, such as short-chain fatty acids. We used phenotype profiling, whole-genome transcriptional analysis and molecular genetic approaches to investigate complex glycan utilization by two fully sequenced and closely related human gut symbionts: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Bacteroides ovatus. Together these species target all of the common glycosidic linkages found in the plant cell wall, as well as host polysaccharides, but each species exhibits a unique ‘glycan niche’: in vitro B. thetaiotaomicron targets plant cell wall pectins in addition to linkages contained in host N- and O-glycans; B. ovatus uniquely targets hemicellulosic polysaccharides along with several pectins, but is deficient in host glycan utilization.

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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

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