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Total RNA Pol2 ChIP-seq in mES cells treated with flavopiridol (Cdk9 inhibitor) after DSIF and NELF knockdown

ABSTRACT: Recent studies have found that promoter-proximal pausing occurs at most Pol2-regulated genes. DSIF and NELF function as negative elongation factors and promote Pol2 pausing. P-TEFb, whose enzymatic activity lies in the kinase Cdk9, positively regulates the transition into productive elongation by phosphorylating subunits in DSIF, NELF and Pol2. To gain insights into the interplay between these factors in regulating transcriptional pause release, we tested if knockdown of either pausing factor could bypass P-TEFb function. We find that P-TEFb function is still required for transcriptional elongation after DSIF or NELF knockdown.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE26658 | GEO | 2011/01/19

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA136399

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Total RNA Pol2 ChIP-seq in mES cells treated with flavopiridol (Cdk9 inhibitor) after DSIF and NELF knockdown

Project description:Recent studies have found that promoter-proximal pausing occurs at most Pol2-regulated genes. DSIF and NELF function as negative elongation factors and promote Pol2 pausing. P-TEFb, whose enzymatic activity lies in the kinase Cdk9, positively regulates the transition into productive elongation by phosphorylating subunits in DSIF, NELF and Pol2. To gain insights into the interplay between these factors in regulating transcriptional pause release, we tested if knockdown of either pausing factor could bypass P-TEFb function. We find that P-TEFb function is still required for transcriptional elongation after DSIF or NELF knockdown. mES cells were infected with a shRNA hairpin to knockdown Spt5, Spt4, NelfE or control. The resulting cells were then treated with flavopiridol (1uM for 60 minutes). DNA was enriched by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and analyzed by Solexa sequencing. A sample of whole cell extract was sequenced and used as the background to determine enrichment. ChIP was performed using an antibody against total RNA Pol2 (Rpb1 N-terminus, Santa Cruz sc-899).

2011-01-19 | E-GEOD-26658 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide map of RNA polymerase II, NELF, and DSIF in HeLa cells

Project description:Most metazoan promoters have RNA polymerase II (Pol II) paused slightly downstream of the transcription start site by NELF and DSIF. This pausing keeps these promoters available for rapid induction by P-TEFb, whose activity causes NELF to dissociate and Pol II and DSIF to elongate on the gene. ChIP-Seq data was generated for Pol II, NELF, and DSIF in HeLa cells and used to look at pausing downstream of unannotated promoters. 3x ChIP-Seq (Pol II, NELF, DSIF) in HeLa cells

2014-02-01 | E-GEOD-53008 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide map of RNA polymerase II, NELF, and DSIF in HeLa cells

2014-02-01 | GSE53008 | GEO

NELF-A phosphorylation site identification

Project description:NELF-A phosphorylation by P-TEFb is a key event in the pausing release. We conduct IMAC-LC-MS-MS to identified NELF-A phosphorylation site by activation P-TEFb kinase.

2016-03-23 | PXD003433 | Pride

SPT6 functions in transcriptional pause/release via PAF1C recruitment

Project description:In vitro studies identified various factors including P-TEFb, SEC, SPT6, PAF1, DSIF, and NELF functioning at different stages of transcription elongation driven by RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II). What remains unclear is how these factors cooperatively regulate pause/release and productive elongation in the context of living cells. Using an acute 5 protein-depletion approach, prominent release and a subsequent increase in mature transcripts, whereas long genes fail to yield mature transcripts due to a loss of processivity. Mechanistically, loss of SPT6 results in loss of PAF1 complex (PAF1C) from RNA Pol II, leading to NELF-bound RNA Pol II release into the gene bodies. Furthermore, SPT6 and/or PAF1 depletion impairs heat shock-induced pausing, pointing to a role for SPT6 in regulating RNA Pol II pause/release through the recruitment of PAF1C during the early elongation.

2022-08-09 | PXD033771 | Pride

Functional association of Gdown1 with RNA Polymerase II in Human

Project description:Most human genes are loaded with promoter proximally paused RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) molecules that are poised for release into productive elongation by P-TEFb. Gdown1, a protein that renders RNAP II responsive to mediator, is involved in RNAP II elongation control. During in vitro transcription assays Gdown1 specifically blocked elongation stimulation by TFIIF, inhibited the termination activity of TTF2, and influenced pausing factors NELF and DSIF, but did not affect the function of TFIIS or the mRNA capping enzyme. Without P-TEFb, Gdown1 led to the production of stably paused polymerases in the presence of nuclear extract. ChIP-Seq data demonstrated that Gdown1 mapped over essentially all poised polymerases across the human genome. Gdown1 increases the stability of poised polymerases while maintaining their responsiveness to P-TEFb, and mediator overcomes a Gdown1-mediated block of initiation by allowing TFIIF function. 7 ChIP-Seq data for Pol II and Gdown1 in human HeLa cell. See associated publication.

2012-01-13 | E-GEOD-32442 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Whole Cell Extract

Project description:Most human genes are loaded with promoter proximally paused RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) molecules that are poised for release into productive elongation by P-TEFb. Gdown1, a protein that renders RNAP II responsive to mediator, is involved in RNAP II elongation control. During in vitro transcription assays Gdown1 specifically blocked elongation stimulation by TFIIF, inhibited the termination activity of TTF2, and influenced pausing factors NELF and DSIF, but did not affect the function of TFIIS or the mRNA capping enzyme. Without P-TEFb, Gdown1 led to the production of stably paused polymerases in the presence of nuclear extract. ChIP-Seq data demonstrated that Gdown1 mapped over essentially all poised polymerases across the human genome. Gdown1 increases the stability of poised polymerases while maintaining their responsiveness to P-TEFb, and mediator overcomes a Gdown1-mediated block of initiation by allowing TFIIF function. 1 whole cell extract sample in human HeLa cell. See associated publication.

2012-02-21 | E-GEOD-35882 | biostudies-arrayexpress

NELF regulates a promoter-proximal step distinct from RNA Pol II pause-release

Project description:RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is generally paused at promoter-proximal regions in most metazoans, and based on in vitro studies, this function has been attributed to the negative elongation factor (NELF). Here, we show that upon rapid depletion of NELF, Pol II fails to be released into gene bodies, stopping instead around the +1 nucleosomal dyad-associated region. The transition to the 2nd pause region is independent of positive transcription elongation factor P-TEFb. During the heat shock response, Pol II is rapidly released from pausing at heat shock induced genes, while most genes are paused and transcriptionally downregulated during the heat shock response. We find that both aspects of the heat shock response remain intact upon NELF loss. We find that NELF depletion results in global loss of cap-binding complex from chromatin without global reduction of nascent transcript 5’ cap stability. Thus, our studies implicate NELF functioning in early elongation complexes distinct from Pol II pause-release.

2020-03-09 | GSE144786 | GEO

Whole Cell Extract

2012-02-21 | GSE35882 | GEO

Functional association of Gdown1 with RNA Polymerase II in Human

2012-01-13 | GSE32442 | GEO