Macrophages enhance contractile force in iPSC-derived human engineered cardiac tissue
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE266797 | GEO | 2024/05/10
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The first macrophages that seed the developing heart originate from the yolk sac during fetal life. While murine studies reveal important homeostatic and reparative functions in adults, we know little about their roles in the earliest stages of human heart development due to a lack of accessible tissue. Generation of bioengineered human cardiac microtissues from pluripotent stem cells models these first steps in cardiac tissue development, however macrophages have not been included in these studies. To bridge these gaps, we differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into primitive LYVE1+ macrophages (hESC-macrophages; akin to yolk sac macrophages) that stably engrafted within cardiac microtissues composed of hESC-cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts to study reciprocal interactions. Engraftment induced a tissue resident macrophage gene program resembling human fetal cardiac macrophages, enriched in efferocytic pathways. Functionally, hESC-macrophages induced production and maturation of cardiomyocyte sarcomeric proteins, and enhanced contractile force, relaxation kinetics, and electrical properties. Mechanistically, the primary effect of hESC-macrophages was during early microtissue formation, where they engaged in phosphatidylserine dependent ingestion of apoptotic cardiomyocyte cargo, which reinforced core resident macrophage identity, reduced microtissue stress and drove hESC-cardiomyocytes to become more similar to human ventricular cardiomyocytes found in early development, both transcriptionally and metabolically. Inhibiting efferocytosis of hESC-cardiomyocytes by hESC-macrophages led to increased cell stress, impaired sarcomeric protein maturation and reduced cardiac microtissue function (contraction and relaxation). Taken together, macrophage-engineered human cardiac microtissues represent a considerably improved model for human heart development, and reveal a major beneficial, yet previously unappreciated role for human primitive macrophages in enhancing cardiac tissue function.
2024-04-02 | GSE261628 | GEO
Project description:Rationale: Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DiCM) is a significant cause of heart failure and mortality in cancer patients, in which macrophage-orchestrated inflammation serves as an essential pathogenic mechanism. However, the specific roles of tissue-resident and monocyte-derived macrophages in DiCM remain poorly understood. Objective: Uncovering the origins, phenotypes, and functions of proliferative cardiac resident macrophages and mechanistic insights into the self-maintenance of cardiac macrophage during DiCM progression. Methods and Results: Mice were administrated with doxorubicin to induce cardiomyopathy. Dynamic changes of resident and monocyte-derived macrophages were examined by lineage tracing, parabiosis, and bone marrow transplantation. We found that the monocyte-derived macrophages primarily exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype that dominated the whole DiCM pathological process and impaired cardiac function. In contrast, cardiac resident macrophages were vulnerable to doxorubicin insult. The survived resident macrophages exhibited enhanced proliferation and conferred a reparative role. Global or myeloid specifically ablation of class A1 scavenger receptor (SR-A1) inhibited proliferation of cardiac resident reparative macrophages and therefore exacerbated cardiomyopathy in DiCM mice. Importantly, the detrimental effect of macrophage SR-A1 deficiency was confirmed by transplantation of GFP+ wild type bone marrow. At the mechanistic level, we show that c-Myc, a key transcriptional factor for the SR-A1-P38-SIRT1 pathway, mediated the effect of SR-A1 in reparative macrophage proliferation in DiCM. Conclusions: The SR-A1-c-Myc axis may represent a promising target to treat DiCM through augmentation of cardiac resident reparative macrophage proliferation.
2023-03-31 | GSE147834 | GEO
Project description:The first macrophages that seed the developing heart originate from the yolk sac during fetal life. While murine studies reveal important homeostatic and reparative functions in adults, we know little about their roles in the earliest stages of human heart development due to a lack of accessible tissue. Generation of bioengineered human cardiac microtissues from pluripotent stem cells models these first steps in cardiac tissue development, however macrophages have not been included in these studies. To bridge these gaps, we differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into primitive LYVE1+ macrophages (hESC-macrophages; akin to yolk sac macrophages) that stably engrafted within cardiac microtissues composed of hESC-cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts to study reciprocal interactions. Engraftment induced a tissue resident macrophage gene program resembling human fetal cardiac macrophages, enriched in efferocytic pathways. Functionally, hESC-macrophages induced production and maturation of cardiomyocyte sarcomeric proteins, and enhanced contractile force, relaxation kinetics, and electrical properties. Mechanistically, the primary effect of hESC-macrophages was during the stressful events surrounding early microtissue formation, where they engaged in phosphatidylserine dependent ingestion of apoptotic cardiomyocyte cargo, which reinforced core resident macrophage identity, reduced microtissue stress and drove hESC-cardiomyocytes to become more similar to human ventricular cardiomyocytes found in early development, both transcriptionally and metabolically. Inhibiting efferocytosis of hESC-cardiomyocytes by hESC-macrophages led to increased cell stress, impaired sarcomeric protein maturation and reduced cardiac microtissue function (contraction and relaxation). Taken together, macrophage-engineered human cardiac microtissues represent a considerably improved model for human heart development, and reveal a major beneficial, yet previously unappreciated role for human primitive macrophages in enhancing cardiac tissue function.
2024-04-03 | PXD050996 | Pride
Project description:The first macrophages that seed the developing heart originate from the yolk sac during fetal life. While murine studies reveal important homeostatic and reparative functions in adults, we know little about their roles in the earliest stages of human heart development due to a lack of accessible tissue. Generation of bioengineered human cardiac microtissues from pluripotent stem cells models these first steps in cardiac tissue development, however macrophages have not been included in these studies. To bridge these gaps, we differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into primitive LYVE1+ macrophages (hESC-macrophages; akin to yolk sac macrophages) that stably engrafted within cardiac microtissues composed of hESC-cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts to study reciprocal interactions. Engraftment induced a tissue resident macrophage gene program resembling human fetal cardiac macrophages, enriched in efferocytic pathways. Functionally, hESC-macrophages induced production and maturation of cardiomyocyte sarcomeric proteins, and enhanced contractile force, relaxation kinetics, and electrical properties. Mechanistically, the primary effect of hESC-macrophages was during the stressful events surrounding early microtissue formation, where they engaged in phosphatidylserine dependent ingestion of apoptotic cardiomyocyte cargo, which reinforced core resident macrophage identity, reduced microtissue stress and drove hESC-cardiomyocytes to become more similar to human ventricular cardiomyocytes found in early development, both transcriptionally and metabolically. Inhibiting efferocytosis of hESC-cardiomyocytes by hESC-macrophages led to increased cell stress, impaired sarcomeric protein maturation and reduced cardiac microtissue function (contraction and relaxation). Taken together, macrophage-engineered human cardiac microtissues represent a considerably improved model for human heart development, and reveal a major beneficial, yet previously unappreciated role for human primitive macrophages in enhancing cardiac tissue function.
2024-04-03 | PXD050990 | Pride
Project description:Mononuclear phagocytes promote injury and repair following myocardial infarction but discriminating functions within mixed populations remains challenging. We utilized fate mapping and single cell RNA-sequencing to delineate fate specification trajectories of heterogeneous cardiac macrophage subpopulations. In steady state, TIMD4 expression tracked with a dominant resident cardiac macrophage subset that persisted via in situ self-renewal with minimal monocyte input. Following ischemic injury, monocytes displayed significant plasticity, ultimately adopting transcriptional states similar to resident macrophages, but also multiple unique states. Ischemic injury reduced resident macrophage abundance within infarct tissue, and despite transcriptional similarity, TIMD4 expression distinguished resident from recruited macrophages. Specific lineage-based depletion of resident cardiac macrophages resulted in depressed cardiac function and adverse remodeling primarily within the peri-infarct zone, the only region of the myocardium where resident macrophages expanded numerically following injury. Together, these data highlight a non-redundant, cardioprotective role of resident cardiac macrophages, and the diverse transcriptional fates recruited monocytes can adopt.
2018-12-15 | GSE119355 | GEO
Project description:Tissue-resident macrophages such as microglia, Kupffer and Langerhans cells derive from Myb-independent yolk sac (YS) progenitors generated before the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Myb-independent YS-derived resident macrophages self-renew locally, independently of circulating monocytes and HSCs. In contrast, adult blood monocytes as well as infiltrating, gut and dermal macrophages derive from Myb-dependent HSCs. These findings are derived from the mouse, using gene knock-outs and lineage tracing, but their applicability to human development has not been formally demonstrated. Here we use human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a tool to model human hematopoietic development. By using a CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out strategy we show that human iPSC-derived monocytes/macrophages develop in a MYB-independent, RUNX1 and SPI1 (PU.1)-dependent fashion. This result makes human iPSC-derived macrophages developmentally related to and a good model for MYB-independent tissue-resident macrophages such as alveolar and kidney macrophages, microglia, Kupffer and Langerhans cells.
2017-01-07 | GSE93285 | GEO
Project description:Cardiac macrophages are heterogenous in phenotype and functions, which has been associated with differences in their ontogeny. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion injury remains incomplete. We here investigated macrophage lineages and ablated tissue macrophages in homeostasis and after I/R injury in a CSF1R-dependent manner. Genomic deletion of a fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus resulted in specific absence of resident homeostatic and antigen-presenting macrophages, without affecting the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infarcted heart. Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. In contrast, continuous CSF1R inhibition led to depletion of both resident and recruited macrophage populations. This augmented adverse remodelling after I/R and led to an increased infarct size and deterioration of cardiac function. In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodelling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. These findings attribute distinct beneficial effects to different macrophage populations in the context of myocardial infarction.
2024-04-14 | GSE263545 | GEO
Project description:Cardiac macrophages are heterogenous in phenotype and functions, which has been associated with differences in their ontogeny. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion injury remains incomplete. We here investigated macrophage lineages and ablated tissue macrophages in homeostasis and after I/R injury in a CSF1R-dependent manner. Genomic deletion of a fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus resulted in specific absence of resident homeostatic and antigen-presenting macrophages, without affecting the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infarcted heart. Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. In contrast, continuous CSF1R inhibition led to depletion of both resident and recruited macrophage populations. This augmented adverse remodelling after I/R and led to an increased infarct size and deterioration of cardiac function. In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodelling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. These findings attribute distinct beneficial effects to different macrophage populations in the context of myocardial infarction.
2024-04-14 | GSE263544 | GEO
Project description:Tissue resident macrophages are key players in inflammatory processes and their activation and functionality is crucial in health and disease. Diseases associated with alterations in homeostasis or dysregulation of the innate immune system are numerous and include allergic reactions, autoimmune diseases as well as cancer. Hence, these cells are of high interest in drug development. Currently, the main sources of macrophages used in drug development are still primary cells isolated from blood or tissue, or immortalized cell lines (e.g. THP-1). Here, we describe an improved method for large-scale production of tissue resident macrophages from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) in unprecedented yields. For this, iPSC-derived macrophages are thoroughly characterized to confirm their cell identity and thus their suitability for screening purposes. We demonstrate that this method to generate macrophages from iPSC overcomes the limitations of using primary cells, i.e. donor variability and limited availability of large cell numbers. Notably, the cells recapitulate key functional characteristics, including cytokine release, phagocytosis and migration. Genetic modifications can be introduced at the macrophage progenitor stage, so this methodology will facilitate the generation of reporters and gain- and loss-of-function mutants in an isogenetic background, essential assets for target validation.
2020-07-07 | GSE149377 | GEO
Project description:Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by insufficient cardiac function. It has been characterized that heart resident and infiltrated macrophages play important roles in the cardiac remodeling in response to cardiac pressure overload, however, role of T cells has not been well characterized. Here we show that CD8+T cell depletion resulted in the late stage heart protection, but induced cardioprotective hypertrophy at an early stage of heart failure caused by cardiac pressure overload. Single cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that cardioprotective hypertrophy was characterized by an expression of mitochondrial genes and growth factor receptors genes. CD8+T cells regulated the conversion of cardiac-resident macrophages as well as infiltrated macrophages to cardioprotective macrophages which express growth factor genes including Areg, Osm and Csf1 at the early phase of cardiac pressure overload, which are essential for the myocardial adaptive response. Our results demonstrate a dynamic interplay between cardiac CD8+T cells and macrophages that is necessary for adaptation to cardiac stress, and they highlight the homeostatic functions of tissue macrophages.
2021-10-04 | GSE183024 | GEO