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Drugging the intrinsically disordered transactivation domain of androgen receptor [LNCaP95]

ABSTRACT: Androgen receptor (AR) is a therapuetic target for prostate cancer. Despite therapuetic approaches against its ligand-binding domain (LBD), resistance ultimately develops by mechanisms which result in reactivaton of AR signaling. These mechanisms include expression of constitutively active AR that lacks LBD and fueled the discovery of inhibitors to AR's N-terminal intrinsically disordered transactivation domain (TAD). AR-TAD inhibitors are unique as there is a paucity of small molecule inhibitors that bind directly to intriniscally disordered TADs. Here we reveal gene- and cell specific sensitivities in human prostate cancer cells and xenografts to small molecule inhibitors to AR-TAD. These inhibitors have unique biological functions compared to an AR-LBD inhibitor, including being more efficacious in vivo in a non-castrate setting of androgen-sensitive prostate cancer. These data support a new therapuetic approach for prostate cancer and more broadly reveal the sensitivity of an IDR TAD to small molecule inhibitors on gene expression and cellular pathways.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE271954 | GEO | 2026/02/25

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Continued androgen receptor (AR) signaling is an established mechanism underlying castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and suppression of AR signaling remains a therapeutic goal of CRPC therapy. Constitutively active androgen receptor splicing variants (AR-Vs) lack the AR ligand-binding domain (AR-LBD), the intended target of androgen deprivation therapies (ADT) including new CRPC therapies such as abiraterone and MDV3100. While the canonical full-length AR (AR-FL) and AR-Vs are both increased in CRPC, their expression regulation, associated transcriptional programs, functional relationships, and respective roles in mediating responses to endocrine therapies have not been dissected. In this study, we show that suppression of canonical AR-FL signaling by targeting AR-LBD leads to increased AR-V expression in two cell line models of CRPC. Importantly, treatment-induced AR-Vs activate a distinct expression signature enriched for cell cycle genes without requiring the presence of AR-FL. Conversely, activation of AR-FL signaling suppresses the AR-V signature but activates expression programs mainly associated with macromolecular synthesis, metabolism, and differentiation. In prostate cancer cells and CRPC xenografts treated with MDV3100 and abiraterone, increased expression of two constitutively active AR-Vs, AR-V7 and ARV567ES, but not AR-FL, parallels increased expression of the AR-driven cell cycle gene UBE2C. In addition, protein expression of AR-V7, but not AR-FL, is positively correlated with UBE2C in clinical CRPC specimens. The cumulative in vitro and in vivo evidence support an adaptive shift toward AR-V-mediated signaling in at least a subset of CRPC tumors as the AR-LBD is rendered inactive, suggesting an important mechanism contributing to drug resistance to CRPC therapies. LNCaP cells lacking AR-V were transfected with AR-V7 with or without androgen stimulation of AR-FL (4 conditions); LNCaP95 cells expressing AR-Vs were treated with control siRNA or siRNA trageting AR-LBD or AR-DBD, with or without androgen stimulation of AR-FL (6 conditions); VCaP cells expressing AR-Vs in the presence of androgen were treated with control siRNA, siRNA trageting AR-LBD, DMSO or MDV3100 to inhibit AR-FL (4 conditions). Total 14 arrays with no replicates.

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Drugging the intrinsically disordered transactivation domain of androgen receptor [LNCaP95]

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