Metabolic control of adult neural stem cell activity by FASN-dependent lipogenesis
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE27391 | GEO | 2012/11/02
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA137007
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Mechanisms controlling the proliferative activity of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) play a pivotal role to ensure life-long neurogenesis in the mammalian brain. How metabolic programs are coupled with NSPC activity remains unknown. Here we show that fatty acid synthase (FASN), the key enzyme of de novo lipogenesis, is highly active in adult NSPCs and that conditional deletion of FASN in NSPCs impairs adult neurogenesis. The rate of de novo lipid synthesis and subsequent proliferation of NSPCs is regulated by Spot14, a gene we found to be selectively expressed in low proliferating adult NSPCs. Spot14 reduces the availability of malonyl-CoA, which is an essential substrate for FASN to fuel lipogenesis. Thus, we here identified a functional coupling between the regulation of lipid metabolism and adult NSPC proliferation. 6 samples were analyzed. Spot14+: Spot14 GFP positive mouse neural stem cell, 3 biological rep Spot14-: Spot14 GFP negative mouse neural stem cell, 3 biological rep
2012-11-02 | E-GEOD-27391 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Failure of neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) activity and subsequently neurogenesis during brain development has been linked to cognitive impairment and intellectual disability. However, it remains unclear if changes in metabolism, recently discovered as a key regulator of somatic stem cell activity, contribute to altered neurogenesis and cognitive deficits in humans. To investigate a link between NSPC-associated lipid metabolism and brain development, we generated mice and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) mimicking a variant in fatty acid synthase (FASN; R1819W), a metabolic regulator of rodent NSPC activity recently identified in humans with intellectual disability. Mice homozygous for the FASN R1812W variant have impaired hippocampal NSPC activity associated with cognitive impairment due to presumed toxic accumulation of lipids in NSPCs and subsequent lipogenic ER stress. Human NSPCs homozygous for the FASN R1819W variant show reduced rates of proliferation in embryonic 2D cultures and 3D forebrain regionalized organoids, revealing that the functional significance of lipid metabolism for neurogenic proliferation of progenitors is conserved between rodents and humans. By taking a disease modeling approach, using mouse and human tissue genome engineering, our data provide genetic evidence for a link between altered lipid metabolism, NSPC activity and brain function.
2020-03-18 | GSE115851 | GEO
Project description:Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is important for certain forms of cognition and failing neurogenesis has been implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases. The neurogenic capacity of hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) depends on a balance between quiescent and proliferative states. However, how this balance is regulated remains poorly understood. Here we show that the rate of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) defines quiescence vs. proliferation in NSPCs. Quiescent NSPCs show high levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (Cpt1a)-dependent FAO, which is downregulated in proliferating NSPCs. Pharmacological inhibition and conditional deletion of Cpt1a in vitro and in vivo leads to altered NSPC behavior, showing that Cpt1a-dependent FAO is required for stem cell maintenance and proper neurogenesis. Strikingly, experimental manipulation of malonyl-CoA, the metabolite that regulates levels of FAO, is sufficient to induce exit from quiescence and to enhance NSPC proliferation. Thus, the data presented here identify a shift in FAO metabolism that governs NSPC behavior and suggest an instructive role for fatty acid metabolism in regulating NSPC activity.
2019-11-15 | PXD005598 | Pride
Project description:Fate and behaviour of neural progenitor cells is tightly regulated during mammalian brain development. Metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, that are required for supplying energy and providing molecular building blocks to generate cells, govern progenitor function. However, the role of de novo lipogenesis, which is the conversion of glucose into fatty acids through the multi-enzyme protein fatty acid synthase (FASN), for brain development remains unknown. Using Emx1Cre-mediated, tissue-specific deletion of Fasn in the mouse embryonic telencephalon, we show that loss of FASN causes severe microcephaly, largely due to altered polarity of apical, radial glia progenitors (APs) and reduced progenitor proliferation. Further, genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of FASN in human embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived forebrain organoids identifies a conserved role of FASN-dependent lipogenesis for radial glia cell polarity and progenitor expansion in the developing human forebrain. Thus, our data establish a role of de novo lipogenesis for mouse and human brain development and identify a link between progenitor cell polarity and lipid metabolism.
2022-01-14 | PXD026110 | Pride
Project description:The transition between quiescence and activation in neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) is coupled to reversible changes in energy metabolism with key implications for life-long NSPC self-renewal and neurogenesis. How this metabolic plasticity is ensured between NSPC activity states is unclear. We find that a state-specific rewiring of the mitochondrial proteome by the i-AAA peptidase YME1L is required to preserve NSPC self-renewal. YME1L controls the abundance of numerous mitochondrial substrates in quiescent NSPCs, and its deletion activates a differentiation program characterized by broad metabolic changes causing the irreversible shift away from a fatty acid oxidation-dependent state. Conditional Yme1l deletion in adult NSPCs in vivo results in defective self-renewal and premature differentiation, ultimately leading to NSPC pool depletion. Our results disclose an important role for YME1L in coordinating the switch between metabolic states of NSPCs and suggest that NSPC fate is regulated by compartmentalized changes in protein network dynamics.
2022-02-10 | PXD030995 | Pride
Project description:Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) generate new neurons throughout adulthood. However, the underlying regulatory processes are still not fully understood. Lipid metabolism plays an important role in regulating NSPC activity: build-up of lipids is crucial for NSPC proliferation, whereas break-down of lipids has been shown to regulate NSPC quiescence. Despite their central role for cellular lipid metabolism, the role of lipid droplets (LDs), the lipid storing organelles, in NSPCs remains underexplored. Here we show that LDs are highly abundant in adult mouse NSPCs, and that LD accumulation is significantly altered upon fate changes such as quiescence and differentiation. NSPC proliferation is influenced by the number of LDs, inhibition of LD build-up, breakdown or usage, and the asymmetric inheritance of LDs during mitosis. Furthermore, high LD-containing NSPCs have increased metabolic activity and capacity, but do not suffer from increased oxidative damage. Together, these data indicate an instructive role for LDs in driving NSPC behaviour.
2021-11-10 | GSE187470 | GEO
Project description:Fatty acid synthase is a major enzyme involved in de novo lipogenesis, associated with energy homeostasis, lipid storage and signalling in normal liver cells. The effect of fatty acid synthase knockdown in normal liver cells (THLE 2) using siRNA mediated gene silencing were assesed for global gene deregulations. The deregulated metabolism, cell signalling and cell cycle pathway related gene expressions were analysed. Statistical significance values were also recorded. This expermental analysis clearly points to a important biochemical role for FASN in normal liver cell physiology. Total RNA was extracted from the THLE 2 cells transfected with FASN siRNA at 48h, along with its untransfected control cells. cDNA converted samples were run on microarray platform- Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip
2016-06-02 | E-GEOD-82096 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The transition between quiescence and activation in neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) is coupled to reversible changes in energy metabolism with key implications for life-long NSPC self-renewal and neurogenesis. How this metabolic plasticity is ensured between NSPC activity states is unclear. We find that a state-specific rewiring of the mitochondrial proteome by the i-AAA peptidase YME1L is required to preserve NSPC self-renewal. YME1L controls the abundance of numerous mitochondrial substrates in quiescent NSPCs, and its deletion activates a differentiation program characterized by broad metabolic changes causing the irreversible shift away from a fatty acid oxidation-dependent state. Conditional Yme1l deletion in adult NSPCs in vivo results in defective self-renewal and premature differentiation, ultimately leading to NSPC pool depletion. Our results disclose an important role for YME1L in coordinating the switch between metabolic states of NSPCs and suggest that NSPC fate is regulated by compartmentalized changes in protein network dynamics.
2022-01-19 | GSE193551 | GEO
Project description:Cellular metabolism is important for adult neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) behavior. However, its role in the transition from quiescence to proliferation is not fully understood. We here show that the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) plays a crucial and unexpected part in this process. MPC transports pyruvate into mitochondria, linking cytosolic glycolysis to mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Despite its metabolic key function, the role of MPC in NSPCs has not been addressed. We show that quiescent NSPCs have an active mitochondrial metabolism and express high levels of MPC. Pharmacological MPC inhibition increases aspartate and triggers NSPC activation. Furthermore, genetic Mpc1 ablation in vitro and in vivo also activates NSPCs, which differentiate into mature neurons, leading to overall increased hippocampal neurogenesis in adult and aged mice. These findings highlight the importance of metabolism for NSPC regulation and identify an important pathway through which mitochondrial pyruvate import controls NSPC quiescence and activation.
2023-01-26 | GSE220663 | GEO
Project description:In selected tissutal niches of the adult mouse brain, such as the subventricular zone (SVZ) underlying the lateral ventricles, neurogenesis persists thanks to a population of quiescent neural stem cells, which can be activated (aNSCs) by extrinsic stimuli to initiate proliferation and generate a neurogenic lineage consisting of transit amplifying progenitors (TAPs), neuroblasts (NBs) and newborn neurons. This process is markedly reduced during aging, which might contribute to the cognitive decline of elderly subjects. Recent studies suggest that the aged niche environment may decrease the pool of proliferating neural/stem progenitor cells (NSPCs), and hence adult neurogenesis, by causing transcriptomic changes that favour NSC quiescence over activation. The transcription factors that mediate these changes, however, remain largely unclear. We previously found that the homeobox gene Dbx2 is upregulated in NSPCs of the aged mouse SVZ and can inhibit the growth of young adult NSPC cultures. Here, we show that Dbx2 expression is downregulated by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signalling, which promotes NSPC proliferation and decreases in the aged SVZ. By means of transgenic NSPC lines, we also show that Dbx2 inhibits NSPC proliferation by hindering the G1/S and the G2/M transition. Furthermore, we exploit RNA sequencing of transgenic NSPCs to elucidate the transcriptional networks modulated by Dbx2. Among the top hits, we report the downregulation of several gene categories implicated in cell cycle progression. Accordingly, we find that Dbx2 function is negatively correlated with the transcriptional signatures of proliferative NSPCs (aNSCs, TAPs and early NBs). Altogether, these results point to Dbx2 as a potential molecular node relaying the extracellular anti-neurogenic input of the aged niche to the NSPC transcriptome.
2023-11-29 | GSE222691 | GEO