A brain-to-lung signal controls pulmonary inflammatory responses
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE273924 | GEO | 2025/05/25
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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2022-02-02 | GSE189964 | GEO
Project description:Vaccination reduces morbidity and mortality from pneumonia but its effect on the tissue-level response to infection is still poorly understood. We evaluated pneumonia disease progression, acute phase response and lung gene expression profiles in mice inoculated intranasally with virulent gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype (ST) 3, with and without prior immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharide ST 3 (PPS3), or co-immunization with PPS3 and with a low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pneumonia severity was assessed in the acute phase, 5, 12, 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (p.i.) and the resolution phase of 7 days p.i. Primary PPS3 specific antibody production was upregulated and IgM binding to pneumococci increased in PPS3-immunized mice. Immunizations with PPS3 or PPS3 + LPS decreased bacterial recovery the lung and blood at 24 and 48 h and increased survival. Microarray analysis of whole lung RNA revealed significant changes in the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) between noninfected and infected mice, which were attenuated by immunization. SAA transcripts were higher in the liver and lungs of infected controls, and SAA protein was elevated in serum, but decreased in PPS3-immunized mice. Thus, during a virulent pneumonia infection, prior immunization with PPS3 in an IgM-dependent manner as well as co-immunization with PPS3 + LPS attenuated pneumonia severity and promoted resolution of infection, concomitant with significant regulation of cytokine gene expression in the lungs, and acute phase proteins in the lungs, liver and serum. Each lung RNA sample represented an individual mouse, creating biological repeats for each treatment. In-vivo treatments were as follows: non-infected lung (vehicle-immunized) control (n=5), infected lung (vehicle-immunized) control at 48 hr post-inoculation (n=5), PPS3 and LPS co-immunized lung at 48 hr post-inoculation (n=4) and PPS3 and LPS co-immunized lung at 7 days post-inoculation (n=4).
2013-03-29 | E-GEOD-45644 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description::Systemic duress, like that elicited by sepsis, burns or trauma, predispose patients to nosocomial pneumonia, demanding better understanding of host pathways influencing this deleterious connection. These pre-existing circumstances are capable of triggering the hepatic acute phase response (APR), which we previously demonstrated is essential for limiting susceptibility to secondary lung infections. To identify potential mechanisms underlying protection afforded by the lung-liver axis, our studies aimed to evaluate liver-dependent lung reprogramming when a systemic inflammatory challenge precedes pneumonia. WT mice and APR-deficient littermates lacking hepatocyte STAT3 (hepSTAT3-/-), a transcription factor necessary for full APR initiation, were challenged intraperitoneally with LPS to induce endotoxemia. After 18h, pneumonia was induced by intratracheal E. coli instillation. Endotoxemia elicited significant transcriptional alterations in the lungs of WT and hepSTAT3-/- mice, with nearly 2,000 differentially expressed genes between genotypes. The gene signatures revealed exaggerated immune activity in the lungs of hepSTAT3-/- mice, which were compromised in their capacity to launch additional cytokine responses to secondary infection. Proteomics revealed substantial liver-dependent modifications in the airspaces of pneumonic mice, implicating a network of dispatched liver-derived mediators influencing lung homeostasis. These results indicate that following systemic inflammation, liver acute phase changes dramatically remodel the lungs, resulting in a modified landscape for any stimuli encountered thereafter. Based on the established vulnerability of hepSTAT3-/- mice to secondary lung infections, we believe that intact liver function is critical for maintaining the immunological responsiveness of the lungs. Further studies are needed to confirm whether and how such lung changes directly influence pneumonia susceptibility.
2021-07-23 | PXD024663 | Pride
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2024-08-02 | GSE268860 | GEO
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2021-03-08 | GSE168097 | GEO
Project description:Background: The goal of this study was to determine the transcriptional consequences of norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene deletion in noradrenergic neuron differentiation. The norepinephrine transporter (NET) is the target of powerful mind-altering substances, such as tricyclic antidepressants and the drug of abuse, cocaine. NET function in adult noradrenergic neurons of the peripheral and central nervous systems is that of a scavenger that internalizes norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft. By contrast, norepinephrine (NE) transport has a different role in embryogenesis. It promotes differentiation of neural crest cells and locus ceruleus progenitors into noradrenergic neurons, whereas NET inhibitors, such as the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine and the drug of abuse, cocaine, inhibit noradrenergic differentiation. While NET structure und regulation of NET function is well described, little is known about downstream targets of NE transport. Results: We have determined by long serial analysis of gene expression (LongSAGE) the gene expression profiles of in vitro differentiating wild type and norepinephrine transporter-deficient (NETKO) neural crest derivatives. Comparison analyses with the wild type library (GSM 105765) have identified a number of important differentially expressed genes, including genes relevant to noradrenergic neuron differentiation and to the phenotype of NETKO mice. Furthermore we have identified novel differentially expressed genes. Conclusions: Loss of NET function during embryonic development deregulates signaling pathways that are critically involved in neural crest formation and noradrenergic neuron differentiation. The library was constructed from total RNA of 60 neural crest culture at culture day 7. The neural tubes were dissected from E9.5 embryos that lack the norepinephrine transporter gene.
2008-06-23 | E-GEOD-11788 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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2015-03-01 | E-GEOD-64635 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Systemic duress such as that elicited by sepsis, burns or trauma predispose patients to nosocomial pneumonia, demanding a better understanding of host pathways influencing this connection. These systemic challenges are also capable of triggering the hepatic acute phase response (APR), an event that we have previously demonstrated as essential for limiting susceptibility to secondary lung infections. In an effort to identify potential mechanisms underlying protection afforded by the lung-liver axis, our current studies aimed to comprehensively evaluate liver-dependent lung reprogramming following a systemic inflammatory challenge with endotoxemia followed by pneumonia. To do so, WT mice and APR-deficient littermates lacking hepatocyte STAT3 (hepSTAT3-/-), a transcription factor necessary for full APR initiation, were challenged intraperitoneally with LPS to induce endotoxemia. After 18h, pneumonia was induced by an intratracheal E. coli instillation. Lung transcriptional profiling, airspace proteomics, and additional validation measures were assessed after endotoxemia with or without a subsequent challenge with pneumonia in order to achieve an unbiased assessment of lung immune activity in the presence and absence of an intact liver response. In WT mice, endotoxemia elicited robust transcriptional changes in the lungs, with nearly 2,000 differentially expressed genes when comparing WT and hepSTAT3-/- mice. The resulting gene signatures revealed highly exaggerated immune activity in the lungs of hepSTAT3-/- mice, which were compromised in their capacity to launch additional cytokine responses to secondary infection. Proteomics also revealed substantial liver-dependent modifications in the airspaces of pneumonic mice, implicating a network of dispatched liver-derived mediators influencing lung homeostasis. These results indicate that following a systemic inflammatory event, liver acute phase changes dramatically remodel the lungs, resulting in a modified landscape for any stimuli encountered thereafter. Based on the known vulnerability of hepSTAT3-/- mice to secondary lung infections, we believe that intact liver function is critical for maintaining the immunological responsiveness of the lungs. However, further studies are needed to confirm whether and how such lung changes directly influence pneumonia susceptibility.
2021-07-21 | GSE167277 | GEO
Project description:Central norepinephrine (NE) neurons, mainly located in the Locus coeruleus (LC), play roles in a wide range of behavioral and physiological processes. How the human LC-NE neurons develop and what roles they play in the pathophysiology of human diseases is poorly understood, partly due to the unavailability of functional human LC-NE neurons. Here we established a technology for efficient generation of LC-NE neurons from human pluripotent stem cells by identifying a novel role of ACTIVIN A in regulating the LC-NE transcription factors in the dorsal rhombomere 1 (r1) progenitors. The in vitro generated human LC-NE neurons not only display extensive axonal arborization and release/uptake NE, but also exhibit the pacemaker activity, calcium oscillation, and in particular chemoreceptor activity in response to CO2. Multiple timepoint single nucleus RNA-Seq (snRNA-Seq) analysis captured the dynamic NE differentiation process, confirmed the NE cell population and revealed the differentiation trajectory from hindbrain progenitors to NE neurons via ASCL1 expressing precursor stage. The LC-NE neurons engineered with a NE sensor reliably reported the extracellular NE level. The availability of functional human LC-NE neurons enables investigation of their roles in the pathogenesis of and development of therapeutics for neural psychiatric and degenerative diseases.
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