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Tripotent Lgr5 stem cells in the posterior tongue generate non-taste lingual, taste and salivary gland cells [Bulk RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: The circumvallate papillae (CVP) and foliate papillae (FoP) of the posterior tongue contain taste buds in close proximity to specialized salivary glands, known as von Ebner and minor salivary glands, respectively. The developmental relationship between taste buds and these salivary glands remains largely unexplored. Lineage tracing studies in mice have revealed that Lgr5 marks taste bud stem cells. Here, we report single-cell RNA sequencing of the entire CVP and FoP of mice, yielding transcriptional profiles of cells from tongue surface epithelium, taste buds and the associated salivary glands. We unveiled a developmental trajectory in which taste buds, the associated salivary glands and the non-taste tongue surface epithelium originate from a common Lgr5+ cell. We describe long-term organoid culture conditions for these cells and confirm their tripotency at the clonal level in vitro. CVP and FoP harbor chemosensory units consisting of taste bud and salivary gland cells derived from the same parental Lgr5+ stem cell.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE274014 | GEO | 2025/09/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Tripotent Lgr5 stem cells in the posterior tongue generate non-taste lingual, taste and salivary gland cells [scRNA-seq]

Project description:The circumvallate papillae (CVP) and foliate papillae (FoP) of the posterior tongue contain taste buds in close proximity to specialized salivary glands, known as von Ebner and minor salivary glands, respectively. The developmental relationship between taste buds and these salivary glands remains largely unexplored. Lineage tracing studies in mice have revealed that Lgr5 marks taste bud stem cells. Here, we report single-cell RNA sequencing of the entire CVP and FoP of mice, yielding transcriptional profiles of cells from tongue surface epithelium, taste buds and the associated salivary glands. We unveiled a developmental trajectory in which taste buds, the associated salivary glands and the non-taste tongue surface epithelium originate from a common Lgr5+ cell. We describe long-term organoid culture conditions for these cells and confirm their tripotency at the clonal level in vitro. CVP and FoP harbor chemosensory units consisting of taste bud and salivary gland cells derived from the same parental Lgr5+ stem cell.

2025-09-01 | GSE274015 | GEO

Taste papilla cell differentiation requires the regulation of secretory protein production by ALK3-BMP signaling in the tongue mesenchyme

Project description:Taste papillae are specialized organs, each of which comprises an epithelial wall hosting taste buds and a core of mesenchymal tissue. In the present study, we report that during early taste papilla development in mouse embryos, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling mediated by type 1 receptor ALK3 in the tongue mesenchyme is required for the epithelial Wnt/β-catenin activity and taste papilla differentiation.

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High Sox2 expression predicts taste lineage competency of lingual progenitors in vitro

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Expression data from macaque taste buds and lingual epithelium

Project description:Efforts to unravel the mechanisms underlying taste sensation (gustation) have largely focused on rodents. The first comprehensive database of gene expression in primate (Macaca fascicularis) taste buds is presented. This database provides a foundation for further studies in diverse aspects of taste biology. A taste bud gene expression database was generated using laser capture microdissection (LCM) of tissue freeze medium OTC embedded macaque tongue tissue blocks. We collected fungiform (FG) taste buds at the front of the tongue, circumvallate (CV) taste buds at the back of the tongue, as well as non-gustatory lingual epithelium (LE). Gene expression was also analyzed in the top and bottom portions of CV taste buds collected using LCM. Samples were collected from 10 animals - 7 female, 3 male.

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Project description:In Cichlids, replacement teeth (RT) share a continuous band of epithelium with adjacent taste buds (TB) and both organs co-express stem cell factors in subsets of label-retaining cells. In the mouse and other mammals, the tongue inter molar eminence (IE) oral papillae of Follistatin (Fat, BMP antagonist) mutants exhibited dysmorphic invagination. By using NGS-derived transcriptome profiling (RNAseq) analysis, we compared differential gene expression in the mouse tongue tissue in Follistatin (Fst) mutants mice with the wild type controls. Our results demonstrated ectopic expression of dental markers in tongue IE indicating that vertebrate oral epithelium retains inherent plasticity to form tooth and taste-like cell types mediated by BMP, therefore revealed under appreciated epithelial cell populations with promising potential in bioengineering and dental therapeutics.

2019-09-23 | GSE128942 | GEO

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2021-08-01 | GSE169191 | GEO

The duct of von Ebner’s glands is a source of Sox10+ taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections

Project description:We have recently demonstrated that Sox10-expressing (Sox10+) cells give rise to mainly type-III neuronal taste bud cells that are responsible for sour and salt taste. The two tissue compartments containing Sox10+ cells in the surrounding of taste buds include the connective tissue core of taste papillae and von Ebner’s glands (vEGs) that are connected to the trench of circumvallate and foliate papillae. Here we present data to support that it is the vEGs, not connective tissue core, that serve as the niche of Sox10+ taste bud progenitors. In this study, we performed single cell RNA-sequencing of the epithelium of Sox10-Cre/tdT mouse circumvallate/vEG complex and used inducible Cre mouse models to map the cell lineages of vEGs and/or connective tissue (including stromal and Schwann cells). Transcriptomic analysis indicated that Sox10 expression was enriched in the cell clusters of vEG ducts that contained abundant proliferating cells, while Sox10-Cre/tdT expression was enriched in type-III taste bud cells and vEG ductal cells. In vivo lineage mapping showed that the traced cells were distributed in circumvallate taste buds concurrently with those in the vEGs, but not in the connective tissue. Moreover, multiple genes encoding pathogen receptors were enriched in the vEG ducts hosting Sox10+ cells. If this is also true in humans, our data indicates that vEG duct is a source of Sox10+ taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections.

2024-08-07 | GSE273518 | GEO

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Project description:Taste stem/progenitor cells from the mouse posterior tongue have been recently used to generate taste bud organoids. However, the inaccessible location of the taste receptor cells is observed in conventional organoids. Here, we established a suspension culture method for fine tuning of taste bud organoid by apicobasal polarity alteration to form the accessible localization of taste receptor cells in organoid. Compared to conventional Matrigel-embedded organoids, suspension-cultured organoids showed comparable differentiation and renewal rates to those of taste buds in vivo and exhibited functional taste receptor cells and cycling progenitor cells. Accessible taste receptor cells on the outer region of taste bud organoids enabled the direct application of calcium imaging for evaluating the taste response. Moreover, suspension-cultured organoids could be genetically altered using gene editing methods. Suspension-cultured taste bud organoid harmoniously integrated with the recipient lingual epithelium; maintained the taste receptor cells and gustatory innervation capacity. Thus, we propose that suspension-cultured organoids may provide efficient model for taste research including taste bud development, regeneration and transplantation

2021-12-25 | GSE191169 | GEO

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Project description:The ability to taste is critical for animal nutrition and toxin deterrence. The majority of research on taste bud development and regeneration is in mice, where taste buds are located within specialized papillae on the tongue. However, taste buds in fish and amphibians, such as axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum), are not housed in papillae, rather they are within the pharyngeal epithelium. This simplified tissue level organization, along with the ability of cultured oropharyngeal explants from early embryos to produce taste buds on the same time-line as embryos, make the axolotl an excellent model to identify molecules specifically involved in taste bud cell differentiation. In this study, we performed de novo transcriptomic analysis on RNA sequences from three different stages of oropharyngeal explants: stages 37/38, 39, and 41. RNA-seq data from 17 total samples representing these stages were pooled to generate de novo assemblie(s) of the transcriptome using a Trinity pipeline. Raw reads and the assembly were uploaded to Mendeley (doi:10.17632/tvxh3jm83m.1). From 27.9Gb of raw sequences, we identified 21,244 transcripts. To our knowledge, this study provides the first published assembly of axolotl oropharyngeal endoderm explants. This RNA-seq data and transcriptome assembly provide information on genes expressed in the oropharyngeal endoderm and will be valuable in the identification of taste bud development genes.

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