Similar Datasets
Project description:RNA modifications, including adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, are fundamental for normal brain physiology, as they participate in multiple biological processes and pathological conditions. These modifications can alter RNA secondary structures and affinity for RNA-binding proteins, thereby influencing RNA processing mechanisms such as alternative splicing. In this study, we investigated A-to-I RNA editing and its impact on alternative splicing regulation in the mouse brain using ADAR enzyme-deficient mice. We analyzed the brain transcriptome of ADAR2 knockout (Adar2−/−Gria2R/R), as well as double ADAR1 catalytically inactive / ADAR2 knockout (Adar1E861A/E861A Ifih−/− Adar2−/−Gria2R/R) mice compared to wild-type controls, identifying alternative splicing events associated with the absence of ADAR1 and ADAR2 specific A-to-I editing.
2025-12-02 | GSE271019 | GEO
Project description:RNA modifications, including adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, are fundamental for normal brain physiology, as they participate in multiple biological processes as well as in pathological conditions. These modifications can influence RNA secondary structure and alter affinity for RNA-binding proteins, thereby modulating RNA processing mechanisms such as backsplicing, which gives rise to circular RNAs (circRNAs). In this study, we investigated the impact of A-to-I editing on circRNAs in the mouse brain using Adar enzyme–deficient mice, as ADARs catalyze A-to-I RNA editing. We applied a self-developed protocol to sequence full-length circRNAs using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and performed a comprehensive characterization of these molecules. In addition, Illumina sequencing was used to conduct a robust differential expression analysis of circRNAs upon ADAR depletion.
2025-12-02 | GSE271020 | GEO
Project description:RNA modifications, alternative splicing and circular RNA landscape in the mouse brain: inosine and beyond
| PRJNA1148994 | ENA
Project description:RNA modifications, alternative splicing and circular RNA landscape in the mouse brain: inosine and beyond [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA1129431 | ENA
Project description:RNA modifications, alternative splicing and circular RNA landscape in the mouse brain: inosine and beyond [circRNA-seq]
| PRJNA1129433 | ENA
Project description:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) derived from back-spliced exons have been widely identified as being co-expressed with their linear counterparts. A single gene locus can produce multiple circRNAs through alternative back-splice site selection and/or alternative splice site selection; however, a detailed map of alternative back-splicing/splicing in circRNAs is lacking. Here, with the upgraded CIRCexplorer2 pipeline, we systematically annotated different types of alternative back-splicing and alternative splicing events in circRNAs from various cell lines. Compared with their linear cognate RNAs, circRNAs exhibited distinct patterns of alternative back-splicing and alternative splicing. Alternative back-splice site selection was correlated with the competition of putative RNA pairs across introns that bracket alternative back-splice sites. In addition, all four basic types of alternative splicing that have been identified in the (linear) mRNA process were found within circRNAs, and many exons were predominantly spliced in circRNAs. Unexpectedly, thousands of previously unannotated exons were detected in circRNAs from the examined cell lines. Although these novel exons had similar splice site strength, they were much less conserved than known exons in sequences. Finally, both alternative back-splicing and circRNA-predominant alternative splicing were highly diverse among the examined cell lines. All of the identified alternative back-splicing and alternative splicing in circRNAs are available in the CIRCpedia database (http://www.picb.ac.cn/rnomics/circpedia). Collectively, the annotation of alternative back-splicing and alternative splicing in circRNAs provides a valuable resource for depicting the complexity of circRNA biogenesis and for studying the potential functions of circRNAs in different cells.
| S-EPMC5052039 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mammalian oocytes must degrade maternal transcripts through a process called translational mRNA decay, in which maternal mRNA undergoes translational activation, followed by deadenylation and mRNA decay. Once a transcript is translationally activated, it becomes deadenylated by the CCR4-NOT complex. Knockout of CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex Subunit 6 Like (Cnot6l), a deadenylase within the CCR4-NOT complex, results in mRNA decay defects during metaphase I (MI) entry. Knockout of B-cell translocation gene-4 (Btg4), an adaptor protein of the CCR4-NOT complex, results in mRNA decay defects following fertilization. Therefore, mechanisms controlling mRNA turnover have significant impacts on oocyte competence and early embryonic development. Post-transcriptional inosine RNA modifications can impact mRNA stability, possibly through a translation mechanism. Here, we assessed inosine RNA modifications in oocytes, eggs, and embryos from Cnot6l-/- and Btg4-/- mice, which display stabilization of mRNA and over-translation of the stabilized transcripts. If inosine modifications have a role in modulating RNA stability, we hypothesize that in these mutant backgrounds, we would observe changes or a disruption in inosine mRNA modifications. To test this, we used a computational approach to identify inosine RNA modifications in total and polysomal RNA-seq data during meiotic maturation (GV, MI, and MII stages). We observed pronounced depletion of inosine mRNA modifications in samples from Cnot6l-/-, but not in Btg4-/- mice. Additionally, analysis of ribosome-associated RNA revealed clearance of inosine modified mRNA. These observations suggest a novel mechanism of mRNA clearance during oocyte maturation, in which inosine-containing transcripts decay in an independent, but parallel mechanism to CCR4-NOT deadenylation.
| S-EPMC7865253 | biostudies-literature
Project description:MotivationDesigning an RNA-seq study depends critically on its specific goals, technology and underlying biology, which renders general guidelines inadequate. We propose a Bayesian framework to customize experiments so that goals can be attained and resources are not wasted, with a focus on alternative splicing.ResultsWe studied how read length, sequencing depth, library preparation and the number of replicates affects cost-effectiveness of single-sample and group comparison studies. Optimal settings varied strongly according to the target organism or tissue (potential 50-500% cost cuts) and, interestingly, short reads outperformed long reads for standard analyses. Our framework learns key characteristics for study design from the data, and predicts if and how to continue experimentation. These predictions matched several follow-up experimental datasets that were used for validation. We provide default pipelines, but the framework can be combined with other data analysis methods and can help assess their relative merits.Availability and implementationcasper package at www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/casper.html, Supplementary Manual by typing casperDesign() at the R prompt.Contactrosselldavid@gmail.comSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
| S-EPMC4757954 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mammalian oocytes and eggs are transcriptionally quiescent and depend on post-transcriptional mechanisms for proper maturation. Post-transcriptional mRNA modifications comprise an important regulatory mechanism that can alter protein and miRNA recognition sites, splicing, stability, secondary structure, and protein coding. We discovered that fully grown mouse germinal vesicle oocytes and metaphase II eggs display abundant inosine mRNA modifications compared to growing oocytes from postnatal day 12 oocytes. These inosines were enriched in mRNA protein coding regions (CDS) and specifically located at the third codon base, or wobble position. Inosines, observed at lower frequencies in CDS of somatic tissues, were similarly enriched at the codon wobble position. In oocytes and eggs, inosine modifications lead primarily to synonymous changes in mRNA transcripts. Inosines may ultimately affect maternal mRNA stability by changing codon usage, thereby altering translational efficiency and translationally coupled mRNA degradation. These important observations advance our understanding of post-transcriptional mechanisms contributing to mammalian oocyte maturation.
| S-EPMC6877758 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mutations in the RNA-binding protein, RBM10, result in a human syndromic form of cleft palate, termed TARP syndrome. A role for RBM10 in alternative splicing regulation has been previously demonstrated in human cell lines. To uncover the cellular functions of RBM10 in a cell line that is relevant to the phenotype observed in TARP syndrome, we used iCLIP to identify its endogenous RNA targets in a mouse embryonic mandibular cell line. We observed that RBM10 binds to pre-mRNAs with significant enrichment in intronic regions, in agreement with a role for this protein in pre-mRNA splicing. In addition to protein-coding transcripts, RBM10 also binds to a variety of cellular RNAs, including non-coding RNAs, such as spliceosomal small nuclear RNAs, U2 and U12. RNA-seq was used to investigate changes in gene expression and alternative splicing in RBM10 KO mouse mandibular cells and also in mouse ES cells. We uncovered a role for RBM10 in the regulation of alternative splicing of common transcripts in both cell lines but also identified cell-type specific events. Importantly, those pre-mRNAs that display changes in alternative splicing also contain RBM10 iCLIP tags, suggesting a direct role of RBM10 in these events. Finally, we show that depletion of RBM10 in mouse ES cells leads to proliferation defects and to gross alterations in their differentiation potential. These results demonstrate a role for RBM10 in the regulation of alternative splicing in two cell models of mouse early development and suggests that mutations in RBM10 could lead to splicing changes that affect normal palate development and cause human disease.
| S-EPMC5270529 | biostudies-literature