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Preliminary Mechanistic Study on the Preventive Effect of Soybean PA Extract on Obesity Induced by High-Fat Diet

ABSTRACT: We systematically observed the effects of PA by constructing an obesity model in mice. Preliminary results indicate that a high-fat diet (HFD) containing PA can reverse the obesity process in mice. In mice fed with HFD, the addition of PA can prevent the elevation of lipoprotein a [LP(a)] levels, which is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. These results suggest that PA may have the potential to prevent obesity as well as cardiovascular and heart-related diseases.To further explore the mechanism of action of PA, we continued RNA-seq experiments on mice fed with a normal diet (ND), HFD, and HFD supplemented with different concentrations of PA (HFD + PA). The results indicate that hundreds of HFD-regulated genes are functionally enriched in fat metabolism and defense systems. The high-fat diet containing PA reverses a significant portion of the upregulated and downregulated genes induced by HFD, with the reversed genes significantly enriched in metabolism and defense Gene Ontology (GO) terms. This suggests that PA may prevent obesity and inflammatory infections in mice by interfering with lipid synthesis and improving defense systems.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE279177 | GEO | 2025/09/21

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Obesity and diabetes associated visual impairment and vascular dysfunctions are increasing reasons for vision loss. The detailed mechanisms in these diseases are still largely unknown, but mice models have been useful to study these mechanisms and explore the detailed effects of potential compounds. Such compounds usually have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties are found in anthocyanins and a major source of dietary anthocyanins in Nordic diet is bilberries (European wild blueberries, Vaccinium myrtillus). In this explorative study we show results with differentially expressed genes in retina using a high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model. Our findings displayed differential regulation of genes in pathways for apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, especially systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and glutathione metabolism. Mice fed with HFD had increased retinal gene expression of several crystallins, which was reduced in the retina of mice fed with bilberries. Bilberries seem to reduce the expression of genes in MAPK and to increase the expression of genes in glutathione metabolism pathway. All together despite minor effects in the mouse phenotype, a diet rich in bilberries may prevent the retinal gene expression changes in the early stages of obesity. Mice were fed ad libitum with normal control diet (NCD, 10% kcal fat), high-fat diet (HFD, 45% kcal fat), 5% (w/w) freeze-dried biberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) in NCD (NCD+BB) or HFD (HFD+BB) for 12 weeks. Diets were prepared in Research Diets Inc. Feed consumption and weight gain were measured during the feeding trial, and blood pressure and serum markers of obesity at the end. Retinas were collected and RNA extracted from all 24 mice samples, and pooled retinas from 4 mice per group were hybridized with standard Illumina protocols. The expression in retinas was analyzed using R, Pathvisio and DAVID to screen for differences between high-fat and berry induced changes to control diets and further bilberry induced changes to HFD up- or downregulated transcripts. diet: NCD, HFD, NCD+BB, HFD+BB

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Preliminary Mechanistic Study on the Preventive Effect of Soybean PA Extract on Obesity Induced by High-Fat Diet

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