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Sympathetic-Epithelial Crosstalk Governs Regionalized CD8+ TRM Cell Immunosurveillance in the Skin [scRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Epithelial cells, immune cells, and nerves converge at barrier tissues to collaboratively defend against pathogens and malignancies, but the mechanisms mediating their coordination remain poorly understood. Here we show that in the skin, sympathetic nerves interact with epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) to regulate CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cell density, thereby modulating local immunosurveillance against developing melanoma. Sympathetic nerves anchor on skin epithelium and establish synapse-like connections with EpiSCs, modulating their secretion of chemokine ligand CXCL16 via norepinephrine-ADRB2 signaling. Reduced sympathetic tone elevates CXCL16 secretion, increasing CD8+ TRM cell abundance in the skin epithelium and enhancing local cancer immunosurveillance. Conversely, heightened sympathetic activity during acute stress decreases CD8+ TRM cell number, allowing nascent cancer cells to evade elimination and propagate. Our study unveils a neuro-epithelial-immune axis that governs CD8+ TRM cell dynamics at barrier tissues, and illustrates how regional immunosurveillance can be influenced by systemic neuronal inputs and mental status.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE279697 | GEO | 2026/01/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:This study aimed to quantify the regulation of transcripts in the hairy skin of the back of adult rats in the condition of loss of sensory and autonomic (sympathetic) innervation (i.e., denervated). Denervated skin has reduced wound healing capacity, reduced proliferation of epidermal progenitor cells, and also expresses factors that regulate ingrowth of sensory and sympathetic axons from neighboring regions of innervated skin. It was expected that this quantification f transcript regulation would offer insight into the general and specific mechanisms that may contribute to these important biological processes. All animals were adult (200-250g) Sprague-Dawley female rats. Three conditions were examined. Groups were naive (n=6), 7-day denervated skin (n=5), and 14-day (n=5) denervated skin. Denervation preparations: Full-thickness incision along long-axis of the body 1cm to right of midline (to avoid injuring skin to be sampled). Incision was centered rostro-caudally on the T13 (thoracic 13) costo-vertebral angle so as to allow access to the T9-L2 (lumbar 2) cutaneous nerves. Skin was reflected to the left and the left T9, T10, L1, and L2 dorsal and lateral cutaneous nerves were isolated, ligated with 7-0 monofilament suture close to their exit from the body wall, and transected. Approximately 5mm of the distal portion of the nerve was resected. The T11 nerves were left unperturbed and were not isolated from the surrounding fascia. This generated two strips of skin that were devoid of sensory and autonomic innervation (those strips served by the T9 and T10 nerves, and by the L1 and L2 nerves). Between these denervated strips of skin was a strip of skin that retained the sensory and autonomic axons supplied by T11 nerves. The denervated zones were identified by mapping the cutaneous trunk muscle (CTM) reflex (see Petruska-JC et al. (2013) Journal of Comparative Neurology; Diamond-J et al., (1992) J Neuroscience), and the border marked with pen and remarked every few days. The samples were taken from the rostral (T9/10) denervated zone. Samples from naive animals (no denervation) were taken from the same region, using the dorsal cutaneous nerves as registration landmarks. Animals displayed no signs of overgrooming of the denervated skin. Because the CTM inserts onto the dermis of this region of skin, samples necessarily include both skin and underlying CTM (which is innervated from another source so was not denervated in the experiment).

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Sympathetic-Epithelial Crosstalk Governs Regionalized CD8+ TRM Cell Immunosurveillance in the Skin [scRNA-seq]

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