Expanding the droplet-based microfluidic single-cell toolbox with a cost-effective full-length total RNA sequencing technology
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE282074 | GEO | 2026/04/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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2018-01-11 | GSE103352 | GEO
Project description:Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring EGFR mutations. However, due to the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, even third generation Osimertinib, the patients suffer poor prognosis. The resistance mechanisms are still not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that increased expression of MUSASHI-2 (MSI2), an RNA binding protein, is novel mechanisms for resistance to EGFR-TKIs. We found that after long-exposure of gefitinib, the first generation EGFR-TKI, lung cancer cells harboring the EGFR-TKI-sensitive mutations became resistant to not only gefitinib but also Osimertinib. Although other mutations in EGFR were not found, expression levels of Nanog, a stemness core protein, and activities of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) were increased, suggesting that cancer stem-like properties were increased. Transcriptome analysis revealed that MSI2 was among the top list of the stemness-related genes upregulated in the EGFR-TKI-resistant cells. Knockdown of MSI2 reduced cancer stem-like properties, including expression levels of Nanog a core stemness factor. We demonstrate that knockdown of MSI2 restored sensitivity to Osimertinib or gefitinib in the EGFR-TKI-resistant cells to the similar levels of the parental cells in vitro. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay revealed that antibodies against MSI2 bound to Nanog mRNA, suggesting that MSI2 increases Nanog expression by binding to Nanog mRNA. Moreover, overexpression of MSI2 or Nanog conferred resistance to Osimertinib or gefitinib in parental cells. Finally, knockdown of MSI2 greatly increased sensitivity to Osimertinib in vivo. Collectively, our findings provide proof-of-principle that targeting MSI2-Nanog axis in combination with EGFR-TKIs would effectively prevent emergence of acquired resistance.
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Project description:Purpose: Multiple mechanims have been proposed that lead to reduced effectiveness of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in lung cancer and yet resistance to osimertinib and gefitinib still remains a challenge in the clinic. The goals of this study are to identify key genes contributing to tolerance and resistance to EGFR inhibition. Methods: mRNA profiles of gefitinib and osimertinib tolerant cells in PC9 and HCC827 cells were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina. In addition, mRNA profiles of cells (AALE, PC9 and HCC827) overexpressing with miR-147b or miR-21 and mRNA profiles of cells (H1975 and PC9ER) with miR-147b and miR-21 knocking down were generated by deep sequencing. The mappable reads were aligned to the human transcripts using Bowtie2 and gene abundance was estimated using RSEM. Results: Upregulation of miR-147b and miR-21 expression is related to tolerance and resistance to gefitinib and osimertinib in lung cancer. The signaling pathways of transcripts by knocking down miR-147b or miR-21 in resistant cells (H1975 and PC9ER) and by overexpressing miR-147b or miR-21 in both sensistive cells (HCC827 and PC9) and immortalized lung epithelial cells (AALE) are consistent with the key signaling pathways shown in tolerant cells to gefitinib and osimertinib in HCC827 and PC9 cells (HCC827GTR/OTR vs HCC827 and PC9GTR/OTR vs PC9). Conclusions: Our work identifies key signaling pathways that mediate EGFR-TKI tolerance and resistance in lung cancer. Our study provides potential targets to improve the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs therapy in cancer pagtients.
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