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Genome-wide analysis of Prokineticin-1-regulated genes in human term myometrium

ABSTRACT: Infiltration of human myometrium and cervix with leukocytes and formation of a pro-inflammatory environment within the uterus has been associated with the initiation of both term and preterm parturition. The mechanism regulating the onset of this pro-inflammatory cascade is not fully elucidated. We demonstrate that prokineticin 1 (PROK1) is up-regulated in human myometrium and placenta during labour. Gene array analysis identified 65 genes up-regulated by PROK1 in human myometrium, mainly cytokines and chemokines including: Interleukin-1beta (IL1B), chemokine C-C motif ligand 3 (CCL3) and Colony Stimulating Factor 3 (CSF3). We additionally demonstrate that PROK1 increases expression of chemokines C-C motif ligand 20 (CCL20), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8), prostaglandin synthase 2 (PTGS2) and prostaglandin E2 and F2α secretion. We propose that PROK1 is a novel inflammatory mediator that can contribute to onset of human parturition at term and partially mediate premature onset of inflammatory pathways during bacterial infection.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE28272 | GEO | 2011/12/31

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA139369

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The process of parturition involves the complex interplay of factors that changes the excitability and contractile activity of the uterus. We have compared the relative gene expression profile of myometrium from rats before parturition (21 days pregnant) and during delivery using high-density DNA microarray. Of 8740 sequences available in the array a total of 3782 were detected as present. From the sequences that were significantly altered, 59 genes were upregulated and 82 genes were downregulated. We were able to detect changes in genes described to have altered expression level at term including connexin 43 and 26, cyclo-oxygenase 2 and oxytocin receptor as well as novel genes that have been not previously associated with parturition. Quantitative real time PCR on selected genes further confirmed the microarray data. Here we report for the first time that aquaporin5 (AQP5), a member of aquaporin (AQP) water channel family, was dramatically downregulated during parturition (~100 fold by microarray and ~50 fold by Real Time PCR). The emerging profile highlights biochemical cascades occurring in a period of about 36 hours that triggers parturition and the initiation of myometrium reverse remodeling after partum. The microarray analysis uncovered genes that were previously suspected to play a role in parturition. This regulation involves genes from immune/inflammatory response, steroid/lipids metabolism, calcium homeostasis, cell volume regulation, cell signaling, cell division, and tissue remodeling, suggesting the presence of multiple and redundant mechanisms altered in the process of birth. Experiment Overall Design: Uteri were dissected from late pregnant rats (21 days, LP) (three individuals, two replicates of sample 1) and rats during labor (DL) after the expulsion of the second pup (three individuals, two replicates of sample 1). After dissection, uteri were placed immediately in cold Ca2+-free PBS buffer and peripheral large blood vessels, external surrounding connective tissue and placenta were removed. The endometrium superficial layer was separated by gentle scraping. The myometrium was weighted, finely minced and homogenized with a polytron (Polytron PT3000, Brinkmann, Switzerland).

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Genome-wide analysis of Prokineticin-1-regulated genes in human term myometrium

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