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The opposing effect of TET2-derived clonal hematopoiesis in stemness and immunity

ABSTRACT: The expansion of HSC clones and their immune progeny carrying somatic mutations is defined as clonal hematopoiesis (CH) with its prevalence increasing with age. Individuals with CH are at higher risk of developing hematological malignancies but also other pathologies, such as cardiovascular or inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Understanding which environmental conditions favor mutant clones and the CH-immune system response to such environments is key to designing therapeutic strategies to stall the expansion of mutant clones and the development of CH-associated pathologies. In this work, we characterized how mutations in TET2, one of the most frequent in CH, increase the competitive advantage of human HSCs upon environmental stress conditions and at the same time shape the immune response of their myeloid progeny. Employing a humanized mouse model, we show that environmental conditions that drive emergency myelopoiesis promote human TET2-derived CH. We unravel an opposite and cell-specific impact of TET2 mutations on HSCs and their myeloid progeny to inflammatory stress. In such environments, TET2Mut HSCs have a mitigated transcriptional upregulation of inflammatory pathways, and by contrast, TET2Mut myeloid cells have an exacerbated inflammatory response. A distinct monocyte-macrophage trajectory derived from TET2Mut HSCs contributes to pathological inflammation. These findings provide evidence at the human cell level and reconcile the notion that TET2-derived CH is associated with both increased stemness at the HSC compartment and promoted inflammatory environments from the myeloid progeny.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE285379 | GEO | 2025/10/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Purpose: The tet oncogene family member 2 (TET2) gene was recently identified mutated in myeloid disorders including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To date, there is increasing evidence for a functional role of TET2 mutations (TET2mut) in AML. Thus, we explored frequency, gene expression pattern, and clinical impact of TET2mut in a large cohort of AML patients, in the context of other AML-associated aberrations. Patients and Methods: Samples from 783 younger adult AML patients were analyzed for the presence of TET2mut (coding exons 3-11), and results were correlated with data from molecular genetic analyses, gene expression profiling, and clinical outcome. Results: In total, 66 TET2mut were found in 60 (60/783; 7.6%) patients, including missense (n=37), frameshift (n=16), and nonsense (n=13) mutations, which with one exception were all heterozygous. TET2mut were not correlated with distinct clinical features or genetic alterations, except for isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations (IDHmut) that were almost mutually exclusive with TET2mut (p<0.001). TET2mut were characterized by only a weak gene expression pattern, which nevertheless reflected TET2mut-associated biology. TET2mut did not impact response to induction therapy and clinical outcome; combining patients exhibiting TET2mut and/or IDHmut revealed shorter overall survival (p=0.03), although this association was not independent from known risk factors. Conclusion: TET2mut were identified in 7.6% of younger adult AML patients and did not impact response to therapy and survival. Mutations were mutually exclusive with IDHmut, thereby supporting recent data on a common mechanism of action, which might obscure the impact of TET2mut if compared against all other AML cases. We performed a supervised class comparison analysis comparing 31 TET-mutated AML cases (TET2 mut) vs. 302 TET2-wildtype AML cases (TET wt) to see if a specific gene expression pattern associated with the presence of the identified TET2 mutations could be determined. No technical replicates were performed.

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The opposing effect of TET2-derived clonal hematopoiesis in stemness and immunity

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