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A viral noncoding RNA functions as master regulator of gene expression in latently infected cells

ABSTRACT: HSUR1 is a viral small nuclear noncoding RNA of the Sm class that is abundantly expressed by the oncogenic Herpesvirus saimiri. HSUR1 binds a host microRNA, miR-142-3p, and AU-rich element-binding proteins (ARE-BPs). The functional significance of these interactions, and how HSUR1 functions as an Sm-class RNA, remain unclear. Here we show that HSUR1 is a master regulatory noncoding RNA that interacts through base pairing with hundreds of host mRNAs in latently infected cells. HSUR1 target mRNAs that encode proteins with roles in several gene expression processes, T cell differentiation and apoptosis. Consistently, HSUR1 expression changes the transcriptomic profile and identity of the infected T cell and inhibits apoptosis. Mechanistically, we show that HSUR1 recruits miR-142-3p and ARE-BPs to the 3¢ untranslated regions of target mRNAs to destabilize them. These results describe an indirect mechanism by which microRNAs and ARE-BPs can regulate gene expression.

ORGANISM(S): Callithrix jacchus

PROVIDER: GSE291067 | GEO | 2026/04/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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