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Single-Cell Transcriptomics Matrix of all PBMC samples used in “Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Immune Dysregulation in HIV-MTB Co-Infection: CD4+ T Cells Exhaustion and CD8+ T Cells Hyperactivation”

ABSTRACT: To investigate the early immune profiles of patients, particularly those with HIV and tuberculosis co-infection, we collected blood samples from three individuals in the HIV/MTB co-infection group, three HIV/AIDS patients, and three healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated, and the MobiNova®-100 Single Cell System (MobiDrop (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd.) was employed to prepare single-cell sequencing libraries. Subsequently, a single-cell RNA expression matrix was generated using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 System, yielding a total of 113,816 cells for further analysis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE293960 | GEO | 2025/04/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background and aims: The intrahepatic processes associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), especially in the context of HDV and HIV co-infection, require a better understanding. Spatial transcriptomics can provide new insights into the complex intrahepatic biological processes, guiding new personalized treatments. Our aim is to evaluate this method to characterize the hepatic transcriptional landscape, cellular composition and biological pathways in liver biopsy samples from patients infected with HBV and HDV or HIV co-infection. Method: The GeoMx nanostring Digital Spatial Profiling (DSP) platform was employed to assess expression of HBsAg and CD45 in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) biopsies from three treatment-naïve patients with chronic HBV and HDV or HIV co-infection. The GeoMx whole transcriptome human atlas assay quantified the expression of genes enriched in specific regions of interest (ROIs). Cell type proportions within ROIs were deconvoluted using a training matrix from the human liver cell atlas. A weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) evaluated transcriptomic signatures across sampled regions. Results: We identified spatially discrete transcriptomic signatures and distinct biological pathways that associate with HBV infection/disease status and immune responses. Shared features including cytotoxicity and B cell receptor signaling were consistent across patients, suggesting common elements alongside individual traits. HDV/HBV co-infection exhibited upregulated genes linked to apoptosis and immune cell recruitment, whereas HIV/HBV co-infection featured genes related to interferon response regulation. Varied cellular characteristics and immune cell populations, with an abundance of T cells in the HDV/HBV sample, were observed within analyzed regions. Transcriptional differences in hepatocyte function suggest disrupted metabolic processes in HDV/HBV co-infection potentially impacting disease progression. Conclusion: This proof-of-principle study shows the value of this platform in investigating the complex immune landscape highlighting relevant host pathways to disease pathogenesis.

Dataset Information

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Matrix of all PBMC samples used in “Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Immune Dysregulation in HIV-MTB Co-Infection: CD4+ T Cells Exhaustion and CD8+ T Cells Hyperactivation”

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