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Targeted delivery of PGC-1α gene by gas vesicles-assisted ultrasound cavitation for early treatment of acute kidney injury

ABSTRACT: Endothelial cell (EC) injury plays a critical part in the occurrence and progression of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). PGC-1α, as a master regulator of mitochondrial function, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for treating injured ECs. Here, fucoidan-plasmid PGC-1α-gas vesicles (Fuc-pPGC-1α-GVs) are synthesized to identify damaged renal ECs at the early stage of renal IRI through the high affinity of fucoidan to P-selectin, and significantly enhance gene transfection efficiency by ultrasound-mediated controlled cavitation, resulting in specific overexpression of PGC-1α in injured renal ECs. In vitro and in vivo evidence reveals that ultrasound-mediated gene transfection with Fuc-pPGC-1α-GVs could ameliorate renal IRI by rescuing the function of ECs, decreasing immune cells infiltration, and alleviating renal tubular injury. Mechanistically, overexpressed PGC-1α in injured renal ECs promotes mitophagy and inhibits ROS production by upregulating BNIP3, BNIP3L and SOD2. This study provides a promising strategy for early and efficient treatment of renal IRI.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE296143 | GEO | 2025/05/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) provide significant protection against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Hypoxia is considered an important method for enhancing the tissue repair capabilities of MSCs. However, the specific effects of hypoxia on MSCs and MSC-EVs, as well as their therapeutic potential for renal IRI, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the alterations in MSCs and the production of MSC-EVs following hypoxia pre-treatment, and further explored the key intrinsic mechanisms by which hypoxic MSC-EVs treat renal IRI. Methods Human umbilical cord MSCs were cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Proliferation and related pathways were measured, and RNA sequencing was used to detect changes in the transcription profile. MSC-EVs from both normoxic and hypoxic conditions were isolated and characterized. In vivo, the localization and therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs were assessed in a rat renal IRI model. Histological examinations were employed to assess the structure, proliferation, and apoptosis of IRI kidney tissue respectively. Renal function was measured by analyzing serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. In vitro, the therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs were measured in renal tubular epithelial cells injured by antimycin A. Protein sequencing analysis of hypoxic MSC-EVs was conducted, and the depletion of Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 1 (GSTO1) in hypoxic MSC-EVs was performed to verify its key role in alleviating renal injury. Results Hypoxia alters MSCs transcription, promotes their proliferation, and increases the production of EVs. Hypoxia-pretreated MSC-EVs exhibited a superior ability to mitigate renal IRI, enhancing proliferation and reducing apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. Protein profiling of the EVs revealed an accumulation of numerous anti-oxidative stress proteins, with GSTO1 being particularly prominent. GSTO1 knock down was significantly reduced the antioxidant and therapeutic effects in renal IRI of hypoxic MSC-EVs. Conclusions Hypoxia significantly promotes MSC-EVs generation and enhances the therapeutic effect of EVs on renal IRI. The effect of antioxidant stress induced by GSTO1 is one of the most important underlying mechanisms. Our findings underscore that hypoxia-pretreated MSC-EVs represent a novel and promising therapeutic intervention for renal IRI.

Project description:Background/Aims:Increasing evidence have associated mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation to neuron loss in multiple sclerosis (MS). PGC-1α regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration and plays a pivotal role in modulating ROS levels. Here, we investigated the potential function of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) in the mammalian MS disease model, EAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods:We used WT mice to evaluate the change of PGC during the course of EAE. The transgenic mice with neuron-specific overexpression of PGC-1α was applied to explore how PGC1 in neuron affects EAE outcome. A neuronal cell line of lentivirus transfection leading to PGC-1α markedly increased was applied to verify the protective effects of PGC1 in neurons. RNA-seq was employed to explore the potential target genes and signaling pathways. Results: We observed that PGC-1α were decreased at 13d, continuously decreased at 20d, then mildly increased at 30d in wild-type (WT) EAE mice, which is accompanied with alterations of mitochondrial antioxidants SOD2, Prx3, Trx2 and UCP4,5. Our study revealed that PGC-1αf/f Eno2-Cre mice improved EAE clinical symptoms, ameliorated inflammation and demyelination in spinal cords, increased mitochondrial antioxidants SOD2, Prx3, Trx2 and UCPs, reduced the production of ROS and inhibited the apoptotic pathways. In addition, PGC-1αf/f Eno2-Cre mice showed decreased apoptotic neurons compared with the WT EAE mice. In vitro, overexpressing PGC-1α by lentivirus transfection revealed similar results with that of in vivo by using NSC-34 cells treated with 1mg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis showed that apoptotic processes were significantly enriched in the top 10 significant GO terms of differentially expressed (DE) gene and apotosis pathway was significantly enriched in KEGG pathway analysis. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings indicate that upregulation of neuronal PGC-1α protected neuron apotosis in EAE and in vitro.

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Targeted delivery of PGC-1α gene by gas vesicles-assisted ultrasound cavitation for early treatment of acute kidney injury

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