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Microglial cGAS Deletion Preserves Intercellular Communication and Alleviates Amyloid-β-Induced Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease

ABSTRACT: This study investigates the impact of microglial cGAS deficiency on gene expression in the 5xFAD mouse cerebrum tissues, using the single cell sequencing method. The relevant publication is PMID: 39908354

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE296662 | GEO | 2025/06/07

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Microglial cGAS Deletion Preserves Intercellular Communication and Alleviates Amyloid-β-Induced Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease

Project description:This study investigates the impact of microglial cGAS deficiency on gene expression in the 5xFAD mouse cerebrum tissues, using the NanoString Neuroinflammation panel. The relevent publication is PMID: 39908354

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Microglial cGAS Deletion Preserves Intercellular Communication and Alleviates Amyloid-β-Induced Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease

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Gene induction in STAT1-/- fibroblasts transduced with lentiviruses expressing human cGAS

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Project description:The adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette transporter A7 (ABCA7) gene is ranked as one of the top susceptibility loci for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While ABCA7 mediates lipid transport across cellular membranes, ABCA7 loss of function has been shown to exacerbate amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology and compromise microglial function. Our family-based study uncovered an extremely rare ABCA7 p.A696S variant that was substantially segregated with the development of AD in 3 African American families. Using the knockin mouse model, we investigated the effects of ABCA7-A696S substitution on amyloid pathology and brain immune response in 5xFAD transgenic mice. Importantly, our study demonstrated that ABCA7-A696S substitution reduces amyloid plaque–associated microgliosis and increases dystrophic neurites around amyloid deposits compared to control mice. We also found increased X-34–positive amyloid plaque burden in 5xFAD mice with ABCA7-A696S substitution, while there was no evident difference in insoluble Aβ levels between mouse groups. Thus, ABCA7-A696S substitution may disrupt amyloid compaction resulting in aggravated neuritic dystrophy due to insufficient microglia barrier function. In addition, we observed that ABCA7-A696S substitution disturbs the induction of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β and interferon γ in the brains of 5xFAD mice, although some disease-associated microglia gene expression, including Trem2 and Tyrobp, are upregulated. Lipidomics also detected higher total lysophosphatidylethanolamine levels in the brains of 5xFAD mice with ABCA7-A696S substitution than controls. These results suggest that ABCA7-A696S substitution might compromise the adequate innate immune response to amyloid pathology in AD by modulating brain lipid metabolism, providing novel insight into the pathogenic mechanisms mediated by ABCA7.

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cGAS maintains basal antiviral state

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