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Spatial transcriptomics of the human first trimester decidua

ABSTRACT: Understanding how extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) reshape the maternal uterine environment (decidua basalis) is critical for deciphering early human placental development. To study the impact of EVT invasion on the distribution of immune cells and the restructuring of the decidual tissue, we performed spatial transcriptomic profiling using the Visium platform (10x Genomics) on first trimester decidua.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE301306 | GEO | 2026/07/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Unraveling the role of TCF7L2 in self-renewal and differentiation of trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) are essential for placental development, anchoring the placenta, invading the maternal decidua, and remodeling spiral arteries. TCF7L2, expressed in human placental tissues and EVTs, controls EVT motility. However, its targets and role in early trophoblast differentiation are not well understood. Using trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) as model system, we investigated roles of TCF7L2 in self-renewal and differentiation of trophoblasts using RNA-seq and ChIP-seq.

2026-01-14 | GSE288773 | GEO

Next Generation Sequencing of human first trimester placental EVTs (pEVT), decidual interstitial EVTs (iEVT), and trophoblast organoid (TB-ORG)-derived extravillous trophoblasts (TB-ORG-EVTs).

Project description:Aim of the study was to verify signaling pathway-provoked EVT specification in human first trimester placental and decidual tissue. We further provide improvement for in-vitro differentiated TB-ORG-EVTs to more closely mimic in-situ placental EVT geno- and phenotypes.

2022-07-08 | GSE188352 | GEO

Unraveling the role of TCF7L2 in self-renewal and differentiation of trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) are essential for placental development, anchoring the placenta, invading the maternal decidua, and remodeling spiral arteries. It has been reported that TCF7L2, expressed in human placental tissues and EVTs, controls EVT motility. However, its targets and role in early trophoblast differentiation are not well understood. Using trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) as a model system, we investigated the roles of TCF7L2 in self-renewal and differentiation of trophoblasts using RNA-seq and ChIP-seq.

2026-01-14 | GSE288774 | GEO

Unraveling the role of ATOH8 in trophoblast lineage differentiation

Project description:Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) play a vital role in placental development by anchoring the placenta to the uterine wall, invading the maternal decidua, and remodeling maternal spiral arteries. ATOH8, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, is central to regulating trophoblast dynamics at the maternal-fetal interface, where it orchestrates their invasive potential, proliferative capacity, and differentiation in mice. By coordinating these processes, ATOH8 ensures the formation of a functional placental structure critical for sustaining pregnancy. Although ATOH8 has been implicated in decidualization—a key preparatory event in human endometrial stromal fibroblasts essential for placental development, its precise mechanisms and contributions to human trophoblast function remain unresolved. To understand the role of ATOH8 in EVT differentiation, we performed RNA sequencing of ATOH8-depleted EVT and control EVT.

2025-12-04 | GSE293496 | GEO

Impact of TAZ (WWTR1) depletion on gene expression during primary first-trimester extravillous trophoblast differentiation

Project description:Human placental cytotrophoblasts undergo differentiation into extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) that anchor the placenta to the uterine wall and establish blood flow to the developing fetus. The transcriptional co-activator TAZ (WWTR1) is one of the main effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway, which regulates organ size by controlling important cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Additionally, TAZ is involved in mechano-sensing and cell contact inhibition. In order to gain deeper insights into the function of TAZ in the EVT differentiation process, siRNA (small interfering RNA) treatment was employed to reduce TAZ levels in cytotrophoblasts, which were collected from placentae between 8th and 10th weeks of pregnancy, and underwent EVT differentiation in vitro. The objective of the study was to elucidate the influence of TAZ on the differentiation and function of EVTs by comparing the gene expression profiles of TAZ gene-silenced cells to those with normal TAZ levels.

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Project description:Problem: Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells have been recently identified at the maternal-fetal interface. However, transcriptional programming of decidual MAIT cells in pregnancy remains poorly understood. Method of Study: We employed a multiomic approach to address this question. Mononuclear cells from the decidua basalis and parietalis, and control PBMCs, were analyzed via flow cytometry to investigate MAIT cells in the decidua and assess their transcription factor expression. In a separate study, both decidual and matched peripheral MAIT cells were analyzed using Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-seq) coupled with gene expression analysis. Lastly, decidual MAIT cells were stimulated with E. coli and expression of MR1 by antigen presenting cells was measured to evaluate decidual MAIT cell function. Results: First, we identified MAIT cells in both the decidua basalis and parietalis. CITE-seq, coupled with scRNAseq gene expression analysis, highlighted transcriptional programming differences between decidual and matched peripheral MAIT cells at a single cell resolution. Transcription factor expression analysis further highlighted transcriptional differences between decidual MAIT cells and non-matched peripheral MAIT cells. Functionally, MAIT cells are skewed towards IFNg and TNFa production upon stimulation, with E. coli leading to IFNg production. Lastly, we demonstrate that MR1, the antigen presenting molecule restricting MAIT cells, is expressed by decidual APCs. Conclusion: MAIT cells are present in the decidua basalis and obtain a unique gene expression profile. The presence of MR1 on APCs coupled with in vitro activation by E. coli suggests that MAIT cells might be involved in tissue-repair mechanisms at the maternal-fetal interface.

2021-09-07 | GSE183421 | GEO

Gene expression profiles of trophoblast cell lines

Project description:Invasive extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) of the human placenta are critically involved in successful pregnancy outcome since they remodel the uterine spiral arteries to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery to the placenta and the developing fetus. To gain more insights into their biological role different primary cell culture models are commonly utilised. However, access to early placental tissue may be limited and primary trophoblasts rapidly cease proliferation in vitro impairing genetic manipulation. Hence, trophoblastic cell lines have been widely used as surrogates to study EVT function. Although the cell lines share some molecular marker expression with their primary counterpart, it is unknown to what extent they recapture the invasive phenotype of EVT. Therefore, we here report the first thorough GeneChip analyses of SGHPL-5, HTR-8/SVneo, BeWo, JEG-3 and the novel ACH-3P trophoblast cells in comparison to previously analysed primary villous cytrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts. To identify EVT-specific gene expression signatures in trophoblast cell lines, we calcuted differentially expressed genes between pre-defined groups based on the distinct origins of the five trophoblast cell lines under investigation. Comparison 1 comprised EVT, HTR-8/Svneo and SGHPL-5 vs choriocarcinoma cells (ACH-3P, BeWo, JEG-3). Comparison 2 comprised EVT, ACH-3P, BeWo, JEG-3 vs extravillous trophoblast cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo, SGHPL-5).

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RNA sequencing of macrophages and monocytes from first-trimester human decidua basalis (decB), decidua parietalis (decP), and placenta

Project description:RNA sequencing of macrophages and monocytes from first-trimester human decidua basalis (decB), decidua parietalis (decP), and placenta

| PRJNA807705 | ENA

The pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-α and TNF-α inhibit extravillous trophoblast invasion

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2026-05-08 | GSE302798 | GEO

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