Effects of 7 EAA restriction (Histidine, Methionine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Phenylalanine and Tryptophan) in Jurkat cells in vitro
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE301669 | GEO | 2026/02/26
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Effects of 7 EAA restriction (Histidine, Methionine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Phenylalanine and Tryptophan) in Jurkat cells in vitro
| PRJNA1285951 | ENA
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC9453785 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Here we report on an RNAseq method in combination with spike-in cells to measure global changes in the transcription pattern after valine-induced isoleucine starvation of a standard E. coli K12 strain. Due to the spike-in method we were able to show that ribosomal RNA is degraded during isoleucine starvation and we showed how this change in cellular RNA content affect the estimated regulation of mRNA levels compared to if spike-in were not utilized. Our analysis also showed that induction of starvation by sudden addition of high valine concentrations provoked prominent regulatory responses outside of the expected ppGpp, RpoS and Lrp regulons
2019-11-19 | GSE136753 | GEO
Project description:Abstract: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with a disturbed metabolism in liver and excessive accumulation of ectopic fat. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) may beneficially modulate hepatic lipids, however it remains unclear whether individual BCAAs can attenuate already established NASH and oxidative-inflammatory stress associated with it. Therefore, mice were first put on a run-in fast food diet (FFD) for 26 weeks, these obese mice were then treated with individual BCAAs valine or isoleucine (3% of FFD) for another 12 weeks and compared to FFD controls. Valine and isoleucine treatment did not affect obesity, dyslipidemia, gut permeability or fecal fatty acid excretion, although significantly reduced hyperinsulinemia compared with FFD. Valine and isoleucine significantly reduced ALT, CK-18M30, and liver steatosis with a particularly pronounced effect on the microvesicular component (-61% by valine and -71% by isoleucine). Hepatic 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) immunoreactivity, a marker for oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation, was also significantly decreased. Functional genomics analysis demonstrated that valine and isoleucine upregulated BCAA metabolism, deactivated master regulators of anabolic pathways related to steatosis (e.g. SREBPF1) and activated master regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis (e.g. PPARGC1a) and lipid catabolism (e.g. ACOX1, AMPK). The correction of critical metabolic pathways by valine and isoleucine was accompanied by a significant decrease of liver inflammation, and suppression of many FFD-stimulated cytokine and chemokine pathways including IL-1β, TNFα and CCR2 signaling. In conclusion, the dietary intervention with either valine or isoleucine corrected multiple metabolic processes in liver and reduced steatosis and inflammation with profound effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Methods: Putative antifibrotic effects of butyrate were studied in Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice fed an obesogenic NASH-inducing diet (HFD) containing 2.5% (w/w) butyrate for 38 weeks and compared to an HFD control group. Antifibrotic mechanisms of butyrate were further investigated in TGF-β-stimulated primary human hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Results: HFD-fed mice developed obesity, insulin resistance, increased levels of plasma leptin, adipose tissue inflammation, gut permeability, dysbiosis and NASH-associated fibrosis. Butyrate corrected hyperinsulinemia, lowered plasma leptin levels and attenuated adipose tissue inflammation, without affecting gut permeability or microbiota composition. Butyrate lowered plasma ALT and CK-18M30 and attenuated hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Butyrate inhibited fibrosis development as demonstrated by decreased hepatic collagen content and Sirius-red-positive area. In TGF-β-stimulated HSC, butyrate dose-dependently reduced collagen deposition and decreased procollagen1α1 and PAI-1 protein expression. Transcriptomic analysis and subsequent pathway and upstream regulator analysis revealed deactivation of specific non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways RhoA/Rock and PI3K/AKT and other important pro-fibrotic regulators (e.g. YAP/TAZ and MYC) by butyrate, providing a potential rationale for its antifibrotic effects. Conclusions: Butyrate protects against the development of obesity and insulin resistance-associated NASH and liver fibrosis. These antifibrotic effects are at least in part attributable to a direct effect on collagen production in hepatic stellate cells, as a result of inhibiting non-canonical TGF-β signaling.
2022-06-30 | GSE195798 | GEO
Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third in cancer incidence worldwide and the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths. To discover the proteins related to colon cancer, a typical inflammation-related C57B/6N mouse colon carcinogenesis model was developed using azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate (AOM-DSS) treated for 14 weeks. iTRAQ-based proteomics study was performed using cell membrane components enriched from colonic mucosa. Tumor tissues and their adjacent normal colon tissues from colonic cancer patients were collected for differential protein detection and metabolomics studies. Totally, 74 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the AOM/DSS treated tumor samples compared with AOM/DSS treated adjacent samples, and the saline treated control. Bioinformatics analysis showed that eight downregulated proteins were enriched in the pathway of valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. Targeted metabolomics study showed that valine, leucine and isoleucine was upregulated in tumor tissues compared with their adjacent normal tissues from colonic cancer patients. Further real-time PCR and western blot experiments showed that the signal pathway proteins of Hadh and ALDH2 were downregulated in colon patients (colon tumor tissues vs their adjacent colon tissues), as well as in AOM/DSS treated mouse model. In all, our study showed that the pathway of valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation was inactivation in colon cancer, and Hadh and ALDH2 were two potential biomarkers for colon cancer treatment.
2023-11-13 | PXD046882 |
Project description:ChIP-seq for Leu3 with addition of different levels of leucine, valine and isoleucine
| PRJEB36934 | ENA
Project description:Cholesterol performs multiple essential roles in cells. Enhanced cholesterol synthesis and storage in lipid droplets have been linked to cancer aggressiveness, particularly in lipid-rich and hormone-sensitive cancers such as prostate cancer . Cholesterol anabolism and catabolism are finely regulated in tumor cells in response to various nutritional states. Mitochondria have increasingly been recognized as a signal transduction organelle, particularly concerning metabolites derived from mitochondrial activity. The link between mitochondrial regulation and cholesterol synthesis remains inadequately understood. Here, we show that propionyl-CoA promotes cholesterol synthesis, storage, and further progression in prostate cancer cells. We found that propionyl-CoA, mainly produced by isoleucine and valine metabolism in the mitochondria, can translocate through the mitochondrial membrane and serves as a substrate for modifying cleaved SREBP2, stabilizing it and thereby promoting cholesterol synthesis and storage in lipid droplets. This process facilitates cancer metastasis and castration resistant partially through enhancing androgen synthesis in prostate cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism and propionate metabolism in mitochondria are involved in the regulation of cholesterol synthesis and utilization through metabolite-mediated protein modification. We anticipate that our findings provide a critical link between amino acid metabolism and cholesterol anabolism, highlighting a mechanism that plays a crucial role in the development of castration resistance in prostate cancer patients. This study offers a theoretical rationale for targeting the production of propionyl-CoA, particularly through the metabolism of isoleucine and valine, as an effective strategy to inhibit cholesterol synthesis and its related diseases.
2025-07-11 | GSE272086 | GEO
Project description:For the first time in Lactococcus lactis, amino acid starvation response was characterized. The natural imposition of isoleucine starvation, by its consumption during growth, associated to transcript profiling, allowed defining exhaustively this stress stimulon. It consisted of a general induction of nitrogen metabolism (amino acid biosynthesis and transport, proteolytic system and proteases), a strong repression of genes encoding major physiological activities (translation, transcription, carbon metabolism, purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism) and the induction of unexpected cross responses to acid, osmotic and oxidative stresses. Keywords: stress response, time course Isoleucine starvation was imposed by the consumption of this amino acid during the growth of Lactococcus lactis IL1403 on ILV0.1 medium (CDM with ten-fold reduced concentrations of isoleucine, leucine and valine) and under controlled conditions (30 °C, pH 6.6, nitrogen atmosphere). Cell samples were harvested in exponential phase and after 30 min, 1.7 h and 3.5 h of isoleucine starvation. Total RNA was extracted from these samples and radiolabelled cDNA were prepared and hybridized on nylon arrays. 2053 amplicons specific of Lactococcus lactis IL1403 genes were spotted twice on the array. The 4 time-points were analyzed simultaneously and 3 independent repetitions were performed.
2010-06-25 | E-GEOD-4872 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Dietary protein has emerged as a key regulator of metabolic health in humans and rodents. Many of the benefits of protein restriction (PR) are mediated by reduced consumption of dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; leucine, valine and isoleucine), and restriction of BCAAs is sufficient to extend healthspan and lifespan in mice. The metabolic benefits of BCAA restriction are mediated by isoleucine and valine, with isoleucine restriction being sufficient to extend lifespan in male mice. However, the effect of valine restriction on healthy aging remains unknown. In this study, we placed young C57BL/6J mice of both sexes on either control or valine restricted (Val-R) diets and followed them longitudinally as they aged. We found that Val-R-fed male and female mice displayed significantly improved glucose regulation and increased energy expenditure, coinciding with decreased body weight and adiposity. These benefits are independent of FGF21, and mTORC1, signaling pathways associated with metabolism and aging. Further, we performed transcriptomic analysis on the liver, muscle and brown adipose tissue, and found tissue- and sex-specific changes in response to Val-R. Lastly, Val-R reduces frailty and extends the median lifespan of male, but not female, mice by 19%. Our results demonstrate that Val-R improves multiple aspects of health in mice of both sexes and extends lifespan in males, and suggests that interventions that mimic Val-R may have translational potential for aging and age-related diseases.
2026-05-11 | GSE298741 | GEO
Project description:Isoleucine and valine promote prostate cancer progression via propionyl-CoA-mediated cholesterol synthesis and storage
| PRJNA1135101 | ENA