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The B Cell Subtypes and VDJ Repertoire of Young Adult Rhesus Macaques

ABSTRACT: Rhesus macaques (RMs) are widely employed as a pre-clinical model in vaccination and infectious disease studies, yet their B cell immunobiology and immunogenetics remain ill-characterized. In this study, single-cell RNA/VDJ-seq (scRNA/VDJ-seq) was conducted on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from six RMs to describe the transcriptomic and V(D)JC repertoires of B cells and subtypes. 12 RM B cell clusters of distinct transcriptional states were identified, including IgM+ memory B cells (MBC), class-switched MBC, CD11c+ MBC and activated B cells. Novel gene signatures were also characterized for each B cell subtype, such as FCRL2 and CD24 for circulating marginal-zone-like B cells. In addition, VDJ repertoire properties of the global B cell population and each B cell subtype were elucidated, including IGH/K/L-V(D)JC gene family and subtype usage, class-switch recombination (CSR) status, somatic hypermutation (SHM) rate and levels, complementarity-determining region heavy chain (CDRH3) amino acid (AA) length and CDRH3 AA hydrophobicity scores. Interesting insights included the 1:1 ratio of kappa and lambda light chain usage and a preferential decreased IGHV3 but increased IGHV1 and 5 gene family usage in IGHG1 than IGHM-bearing B cells. Altogether, this study through comprehensive transcriptomic analyses identifies 12 distinct RM B cell subtypes paired with their respective V(D)JC repertoire, unraveling the complexity of B cell heterogeneity and improving future pre-clinical studies that can translate insights from this important non-human primate model to the understanding of human immunobiology.

ORGANISM(S): Macaca mulatta

PROVIDER: GSE302169 | GEO | 2025/07/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The B Cell Subtypes and VDJ Repertoire of Young Adult Rhesus Macaques

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