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Effect of Arginine Supplementation on Liver and Pectoral Muscle: Tissue-Specific Lipid Metabolism in Broilers

ABSTRACT: Abdominal fat (AF) and intramuscular fat (IMF) are key carcass traits in broilers but managing both is challenging due to their contrasting effects. Arginine (Arg) supplementation has potential effect in lipid metabolism, however its tissue specific effect remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the tissue specific effect of Arg supplementation on growth performance and fat metabolism in both liver and pectoral muscle in broilers. A total of 480 Arbor Acre chicks were randomly assigned to four groups: Control (0 g/kg), Arg (1.8 g/kg), 5X Arg (9 g/kg) and 10X Arg (18g/kg), with 12 replicates of 10 birds each. Overall, high Arg supplementation (5X, 10X) significantly impaired growth performance, reducing average daily gain and feed intake, accompanied by elevated serum AST and IFN-γ levels (p<0.05). Liver transcriptomics analysis revealed that 10X Arg significantly enriched PPAR signaling pathway, promoting fatty acid oxidation while suppressing lipogenic genes. Conversely, in pectoral muscle, high Arg (10X) promoted intramuscular fat deposition which was associated with downregulation of PPAR-α (p<0.05) and increased expression of key lipogenic genes involved in de novo lipogenesis (SREBP-1c, FAS, ACC and SCD). Moreover, Arg supplementation modulated drug metabolism genes in liver, including EPX and RRM2, suggesting potential impacts on detoxification pathways. These findings underscore the importance of precise Arg dosing to optimize broiler growth, immune function, and carcass quality by targeting its tissue specific metabolic effect.

ORGANISM(S): Gallus gallus

PROVIDER: GSE302788 | GEO | 2025/07/17

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:As an essential micronutrient for animals, vitamin E plays crucial physiological roles in reproduction, antioxidant and immune functions, and lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to reveal molecular mechanism of vitamin E on intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition through transcriptome sequencing of pectoral muscle in broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old health female chicks were randomly allocated into five dietary treatments with each treatment six replicates. The birds were fed basal diet supplemented with 0 and 100 IU/kg vitamin E in the form of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, respectively. The body weight, carcass performance and IMF content were measured. Transcriptome profile of pectoral muscle in 35-day-old chickens were sequencing from the control and 100 IU/kg vitamin E treatment. Functional enrichment analyzes of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on Gene ontology (GO), KEGG pathway and bio function, and network were performed. Results shown that IMF content of broiler chickens were significantly increased at 12.89% (P < 0.05) between 100 IU/kg vitamin E treatment and control. Transcriptome sequencing results for pectoralis major muscle of 100 IU vitamin E-supplemented and the control groups identified 57 up-regulated and 102 down-regulated DEGs. These DEGs were significantly enriched (FDR corrected P-value < 0.05) in 13 of 236 GO terms involved in muscle development- and lipid metabolism. Pathway functional enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in three signalling pathways (FDR corrected P-value < 0.05). Two of them, MAPK signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway, play key roles in muscular and lipid metabolism. It is worth mentioning that 46 DEGs were significantly enriched in 28 skeletal and muscular system development and function categories and 31 DEGs were significantly enriched in 17 lipid metabolism function categories. Moreover, three lipid metabolism and muscular development-related networks of DEGs were also identified. These DEGEs, pathways, function categories and networks identified in this study provide us new insights for the vitamin E regulation of the IMF deposition in broiler chickens.

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Effect of Arginine Supplementation on Liver and Pectoral Muscle: Tissue-Specific Lipid Metabolism in Broilers

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